广山楂HPLC指纹图谱建立及其活血化瘀作用谱效关系研究

目的 建立广山楂Malus doumeri指纹图谱,测定各批次广山楂的“活血化瘀”药效学指标,探讨广山楂化学成分与活血化瘀功效的谱效关系。方法 采用HPLC法建立18批广山楂的指纹图谱。利用大鼠高脂模型,测定不同批次广山楂的“活血化瘀”药效学指标,包括高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（high density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（low density lipoprotein cholesterin,LDL-C）、总胆固醇（total cholesterol,TC）、三酰甘油（triglyceride,TG）含量及血液流变学指标等。运用偏最小二乘回归法（partial least-square method regression,PLSR）、灰色关联度分析法,分析广山楂化学成分与活血化瘀药效指标间的谱效关系。结果 构建了广山楂的HPLC图谱,确定了6个共有峰,并指认了其中的2个共有峰（绿原酸、根皮苷）。活血化瘀实验表明,不同批次广山楂活血药效指标间具有明显差异,在标定的广山楂6个特征峰中,峰2～6与HDL-C呈正相关,峰1、5、6与LDL...     

A narrative review of individualized treatments of genitourinary tumors: is the future brighter with molecular evaluations?

Few molecular prognostic and predictive biomarkers have been identified so far in genitourinary tumors. We started from a literature search to explore the status of the art of molecular pathology tests as diagnostic, prognostic, predictive biomarkers in genitourinary cancers. Next generation sequencing approaches now provide mind-changing information in the fields of kidney cancer diagnosis, predictive oncology of urothelial cancer, understanding the causes of testicular and penile cancer, and the comprehension of the drivers of prostate cancer progression beyond androgen regulation. The classification of kidney cancer will be based soon on molecular changes. The causes of non-HPV related penile cancer are largely unknown. The emerging high incidence of testicular cancer could be explained only on the basis of molecular changes. The response to novel therapeutic agents in prostatic and urothelial cancer will require thorough molecular tumor characterization. The hereditary risk of patients with early onset prostate cancer and their potential treatment with targeted therapy requires germline and somatic genetic assays. The implementation of effective biomarkers for the response to immune check-point inhibitors in genitourinary cancer is based on the assessment of inflammatory expression profiles and the tumor mutational burden. This review deals with the current tests and provides a tentative foresee of the future molecular biomarkers of genitourinary cancer.     

耐碳青霉烯类肺炎克雷伯菌产酶耐药机制及同源性分析

目的探讨肺炎克雷伯菌对碳青霉烯类抗菌药物耐药的主要产酶机制及同源性。方法收集长沙市第一医院2016年12月-2017年12月临床分离的非重复碳青霉烯耐药肺炎克雷伯菌(CRKP),采用改良碳青霉烯酶灭活试验(mCIM)检测碳青霉烯酶,聚合酶链反应(PCR)法检测常见耐药编码基因。脉冲场凝胶电泳(PFGE)和多位点序列分型(MLST)分析同源性。结果共收集到57株CRKP,mCIM试验阳性率为91.23%(52/57)。PCR共检出6种耐药基因,包括blaSHV、blaCTX-M-9群、blaKPC-2、blaTEM、blaCTX-M-1群和blaNDM-1,检出率分别为94.74%、68.42%、68.42%、56.14%、3.51%和1.75%,其中2株携带blaCTX-M-1群的菌株经测序证实为blaCTX-M-80和blaCTX-M-123,blaCTX-M-9群中1株为blaCTX-M-27,2株为blaCTX-M-14,其余均为blaCTX-M-65。PFGE结果显示,57株CRKP可分为A~H共8种不同的型别,以A型为主,占76.79%,其中A6亚型占32.56%。MLST结果显示,共检出ST11和ST29两种型别,以ST11为主,占75.00%。结论该院临床分离的肺炎克雷伯菌对碳青霉烯类抗菌药物耐药的重要机制为产KPC-2型碳青霉烯酶,且同时携带多种超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)耐药基因。PFGE和MLST结果表明:该院临床分离的CRKP存在克隆传播,需加强流行病学监控。     

Design and application research of nucleotide sequence analysis system software

INTRODUCTION　　From integrallevel and celllevel,the research of organism and diseasediagnosishave already entered molecular level.Molecular biology is the science to researchstructure and function of organism macromolecule.Based on differentgene code se-…     

胃肠道恶性肿瘤及其周边组织中c-myc基因mRNA表达与临床意义

目的　探讨胃肠道恶性肿瘤及其周围边组织中c -mycmRNA表达与手术切缘的安全性关系。方法　用RT -PCR方法检测了 12例胃癌和 16例肠癌标本肿瘤中心及周边组织中c-mycmRNA的表达。结果　肿瘤的各种分型与各个分期c -mycmRNA的表达无显著性差异。肿瘤周边组织中 ,距肿瘤边缘 4cm处c -mycmRNA表达率显著下降 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,距肿瘤边缘 5cm以远表达率为 0。结论　根据c -mycmRNA表达 ,距肿瘤边缘 5cm处可定为肿瘤较安全的切缘     

利用核磁技术确定游离羟基碳苷的结构和构型

确定游离羟基碳苷的结构和苷键的构型。方法 :以核磁共振谱 (氢谱 ,碳谱 ,氢氢相关谱等 )为主 ,辅以其它波谱数据推断。结果 :证实了所合成的五个游离羟基碳苷a～e均为 β 吡喃构型。 结论 :在无对照品的情况下采用多种波谱数据直接确证游离羟基碳苷的结构和构型是可行的。     

广东地区GBV-C/HGV5'NCR区序列变异的研究

目的 了解广东地区ＧＢＶ－Ｃ／ＨＧＶ５＇ＮＣＲ区的序列变异情况。方法 以ＧＢＶ－Ｃ和ＨＧＶ的５＇ＮＣＲ区安全同源的序列设计合成引物用于套式ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ。从广东地区的１０例ＧＢＶ－Ｃ／ＨＧＶ感染者血中扩增了１０个充列,分别克隆对ｐＵＣ１９、ｐＴ－Ａｄｖ载体。以３５Ｓ标记的双脱氧链末端终止法对这１０个序列分别进行正反两个方向的序列测定。结果 １０株充列相互间同源性最大为１００％,最小为８４．４％。与Ｇ