PPH联合直视下痔上动脉结扎治疗Ⅲ Ⅳ度混合痔的疗效及安全性

目的 观察痔上动脉结扎(HAL)术对中重度混合痔患者的手术效果及对术后并发症的影响。方法 选取2019年6月至2020年6月广州市番禺区中心医院收治的148例混合痔合并出血性内痔患者作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为对照组与观察组,每组74例。对照组行痔上黏膜环切术(PPH)术,观察组行PPH联合HAL。观察比较两组患者手术时间、住院时间、住院费用,术后急性尿潴留,术后3个月内出血、脱垂、水肿、肛门狭窄、视觉疼痛模拟评分(VAS)、Wexner肛门失禁评分、疗效等指标的差异。结果 观察组手术时间较对照组更长,住院时间较对照组更短,住院费用较对照组更低,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。观察组术后出血比例为5.41%、水肿发生率为9.46%、Wexner肛门失禁评分为(2.32±1.25)分,均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);观察组有效率为94.59%,高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。手术后,两组VAS评分均降低,术后观察组VAS低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。观察组术后急性尿潴留、脱垂、肛门狭窄发生情况与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)。结论 PPH联合直视下HAL治疗出血性中重度混合痔安全有效,并发症发生率更低,具有临床应用价值。     

右美托咪定联合ERAS对老年钬激光碎石术患者的心肺保护作用及早期康复的价值

目的 探讨右美托咪定联合加速康复外科（enhanced recovery after surgery,ERAS）对行钬激光碎石术老年患者的心肺保护作用及早期康复的价值。方法 选取2019年1～12月于杭州市西溪医院接受钬激光碎石术的患者（年龄≥60岁）92例为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为对照组与观察组,每组各46例。两组均予七氟烷联合瑞芬太尼静吸复合麻醉及喉罩通气,对照组予常规康复方式,观察组予右美托咪定辅助喉罩通气联合ERAS理念的康复方式,比较两组患者的血流动力学指标、肺功能指标、手术相关指标、术中镇静程度、术中及术后不良反应发生情况、术后各时间点疼痛视觉模拟评分（visual analogue scale,VAS）、术后苏醒时间、苏醒程度和术后早期生活质量评分。结果 观察组患者的不同时间点心率（heart rate,HR）、平均动脉压（mean artery pressure,MAP）、血氧饱和度（arterial oxygen saturation,SaO2）均无明显变化（P>0.05）;对照组在T1和T2时HR明显上升,MAP及SaO2明显下降（P<0.05）;其中观察组患者的HR、MAP、SaO2、肺泡动脉血氧梯度（alveolar arterial oxygen gradient,AaDO2）、氧合指数（oxygen index,OI）与对照组比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。观察组患者的麻醉时间和苏醒时间均短于对照组（P<0.05）;观察组的Ramesay镇静程度显著高于对照组（P<0.05）,警觉/镇静观察（Observer''s assessment alert/sedation,OAA/S）评分明显低于对照组（P<0.05）,两组患者的手术时间和一次性碎石成功率比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。观察组的不良反应发生率明显低于对照组（10.87% vs 28.26%,P<0.05）。观察组患者术后1h、3h和6h的VAS评分均明显低于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 右美托咪定联合ERAS用于老年患者钬激光碎石术镇静效果显著,可有效稳定患者的术中各项生命体征,促进患者术后早期康复,并明显减少术中及术后不良反应,提高患者术后早期生活质量。     

PPH技术治疗重度痔76例

探讨吻合器痔上黏膜环切术(PPH)在治疗76例重度痔的效果。手术平均时间25min,平均住院时间6天,约8%患者出现轻度并发症,1例大出血.术后随访半年均未见复发,无排便困难及肛门狭窄。结果表明,PPH手术治疗重度痔具有安全、效果好、手术时间短、恢复快特点。     

改良黏性小管切开术联合激光虹膜切除术治疗混合型青光眼疗效观察

目的探讨改良黏性小管切开术联合Nd:YAG激光虹膜切除术治疗混合型青光眼的疗效。方法对混合型青光眼的一种类型窄角性原发性开角型青光眼患者15例(18只眼)行改良黏性小管切开术,术前或术后予以YAG激光虹膜切除术。观察患者手术前后的视力、眼压、并发症等情况。术后随访3-24个月,平均18个月。结果视力无一例下降,其中1例视力由术前0.25提高至0.5。术前眼压平均为(23.74±6.01)mmHg,术后3个月平均为(13.85±4.13)mmHg,术后12个月平均为(16.37±3.77)mmHg,术后24个月平均为(15.44±4.10) mmHg,术前与术后眼压比较,均有显著性差异(P<0.05)。术中术后无任何严重并发症出现。结论改良黏性小管切开术联合YAG激光虹膜切除术治疗窄角性原发性开角型青光眼效果好,术中、术后并发症少,是一种有前景的方法。     

STD 四种病原体抗体检测的临床应用

目的：检测血清中UU－Ab,MH-Ab,CT-Ab和NG－Ab，观察对NGU诊断的临床意义。方法：采用免疫金标渗滤法测定276例临床有尿道感染症状患者的血清。结果：4种病原体抗体单项阳性检出率：UU－Ab为23．19％，MH－Ab为2．54％，CT－Ab为7．97％，NG－Ab为1．09％。多项混合总阳性检出率为44．20％。结论：4种病原体抗体阳性检出为泌尿系感染的病因学诊断和评价病情提供了实验室依据。     

Mixed Infection with Two Types of Hepatitis C Virus Is Probably a Rare Event

Summary A search for the simultaneous presence of two hepatitis C virus (HCV) types in sera of a group of chronically infected intravenous drug users, hemodialysis patients and hemophiliacs from Sweden and Russia was performed with two genotyping methods based on the use of type-specific primers from core and NS4 regions of the viral genome. An important feature of NS4 based assay is that type-specific primers are used in both rounds of nested PCR, thus providing the possibility of the identification not only of the abundant type, but also of the minor HCV type present in a particular serum. The experiments, however, did not reveal the simultaneous presence of two or more HCV types in any of the 40 samples. These results suggest that the frequency of mixed infections in serum with different HCV types is very low even in high-risk groups, at least in the geographic region studied. Received: January 3, 1999 · Accepted: July 20, 1999     

Variance stabilization for computing and comparing grand mean waveforms in MEG and EEG

Grand means of time‐varying signals (waveforms) across subjects in magnetoencephalography (MEG) and electroencephalography (EEG) are commonly computed as arithmetic averages and compared between conditions, for example, by subtraction. However, the prerequisite for these operations, homogeneity of the variance of the waveforms in time, and for most common parametric statistical tests also between conditions, is rarely met. We suggest that the heteroscedasticity observed instead results because waveforms may differ by factors and additive terms and follow a mixed model. We propose to apply the asinh‐transformation to stabilize the variance in such cases. We demonstrate the homogeneous variance and the normal distributions of data achieved by this transformation using simulated waveforms, and we apply it to real MEG data and show its benefits. The asinh‐transformation is thus an essential and useful processing step prior to computing and comparing grand mean waveforms in MEG and EEG.     

First controlled treatment trial of bipolar II hypomania with mixed symptoms: Quetiapine versus placebo

Objectives

To compare the efficacy and safety of adjunctive quetiapine (QTP) versus placebo (PBO) for patients with bipolar II disorder (BDII) currently experiencing mixed hypomanic symptoms in a 2-site, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, 8-week investigation.

Methods

Participants included 55 adults (age 18–65 years) who met criteria for BDII on the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV-TR (SCID). Entrance criteria included a stable medication regimen for ≥2 weeks and hypomania with mixed symptoms (>12 on the Young Mania Rating Scale [YMRS] and >15 on the Montgomery Asberg Depression Rating Scale [MADRS] at two consecutive visits 1–3 days apart). Participants were randomly assigned to receive adjunctive quetiapine (n=30) or placebo (n=25).

Results

Adjunctive quetiapine demonstrated significantly greater improvement than placebo in Clinical Global Impression for Bipolar Disorder Overall Severity scores (F(1)=10.12, p=.002) and MADRS scores (F(1)=6.93, p=.0138), but no significant differences were observed for YMRS scores (F(1)=3.68, p=.069). Side effects of quetiapine were consistent with those observed in previous clinical trials, with sedation/somnolence being the most common, occurring in 53.3% with QTP and 20.0% with PBO.

Conclusions

While QTP was significantly more effective than PBO for overall and depressive symptoms of BDII, there was no significant difference between groups in reducing symptoms of hypomania. Hypomania improved across both groups throughout the study.     

A field-programmable gate array based system for high frame rate laser Doppler blood flow imaging

This paper presents a general embedded processing system implemented in a field-programmable gate array providing high frame rate and high accuracy for a laser Doppler blood flow imaging system. The proposed system can achieve a basic frame rate of flow images at 1 frame/second for 256×256 images with 1024 fast Fourier transform (FFT) points used in the processing algorithm. Mixed fixed-floating point calculations are utilized to achieve high accuracy but with a reasonable resource usage. The implementation has a root mean square deviation of the relative difference in flow values below 0.1% when compared with a double-precision floating point implementation. The system can contain from one or more processing units to obtain the required frame rate and accuracy. The performance of the system is significantly higher than other methods reported to date. Furthermore, a dedicated field-programmable gate array (FPGA) board has been designed to test the proposed processing system. The board is linked with a laser line scanning system, which uses a 64×1 photodetector array. Test results with various operating parameters show that the performance of the new system is better, in terms of noise and imaging speed, than has been previously achieved.