系列康复治疗对住院慢性精神分裂症患者个人和社会功能疗效

目的:研究系列康复治疗对住院慢性稳定期精神分裂症患者的个人和社会功能的疗效。方法:将符合入组标准的120例住院慢性稳定期精神分裂症患者随机分为两组,干预组每周接受系列康复治疗2次,共治疗12周。在干预前、干预4周,干预8周及干预12周对2组患者分别采用个人和社会功能量表中文版(PSP)及阳性和阴性症状量表(PANSS)进行评估。结果:两组患者在康复治疗前量表及各项因子评分差异均无统计学意义(P0.05);在康复治疗第8周至12周结束时,两组在扰乱及攻击行为的评分差异有显著的统计学意义(P0.05),精神症状因子评分差异存在统计学意义(P0.05);系列康复治疗对干预组患者的治疗效果也存在随着时间变化的趋势,特别是个人关系和社会关系、自我照料、扰乱及攻击行为,以及精神症状的时间主效应存在统计学意义(P均0.01)。结论:系列康复治疗有助于改善住院慢性稳定期精神分裂症患者的个人和社会功能及残留的部分精神症状;其中,自我照料、扰乱及攻击行为和精神症状、阴性症状改善明显。     

Intrapocket topical anesthetic versus injected anesthetic for pain control during scaling and root planing in adult patients: Systematic review and meta-analysis

Background

In this systematic review and meta-analysis, the authors evaluated the pain during scaling and root planing with use of topical anesthetic versus that with the use of injected anesthetic in adult patients.

Submucosal injection of dexamethasone reduces postoperative discomfort after third-molar extraction: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background

The authors conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis on the effect of dexamethasone (DX) on edema, trismus, and pain during early and late postoperative periods after third-molar (M3) extraction.

PUGS: A novel scale to assess perceptions of uncertainties in genome sequencing

Expectations of results from genome sequencing by end users are influenced by perceptions of uncertainty. This study aimed to assess uncertainties about sequencing by developing, evaluating, and implementing a novel scale. The Perceptions of Uncertainties in Genome Sequencing (PUGS) scale comprised ten items to assess uncertainties within three domains: clinical, affective, and evaluative. Participants (n=535) from the ClinSeq® NIH sequencing study completed a baseline survey that included the PUGS; responses (mean = 3.4/5, SD=0.58) suggested modest perceptions of certainty. A confirmatory factor analysis identified factor loadings that led to elimination of two items. A revised eight‐item PUGS scale was used to test correlations with perceived ambiguity (r = ?0.303, p < 0.001), attitudinal ambivalence (r = ?0.111, p = 0.011), and ambiguity aversion (r = ?0.093, p = 0.033). Results support nomological validity. A correlation with the MICRA uncertainty subscale was found among 175 cohort participants who had received results (r = ?0.335, p < 0.001). Convergent and discriminant validity were also satisfied in a second sample of 208 parents from the HudsonAlpha CSER Project who completed the PUGS (mean = 3.4/5, SD = 0.72), and configural invariance was supported across the two datasets. As such, the PUGS is a promising scale for evaluating perceived uncertainties in genome sequencing, which can inform interventions to help patients form realistic expectations of these uncertainties.     

Immediate effects of foot orthoses on pain during functional tasks in people with patellofemoral osteoarthritis: A cross-over,proof-of-concept study

Background

The purpose of the study was to determine whether prefabricated foot orthoses immediately reduce pain during functional tasks in people with patellofemoral osteoarthritis, compared to flat insoles and shoes alone.

Humanistic and cost burden of systemic sclerosis: A review of the literature

Background

Systemic sclerosis (SSc), or systemic scleroderma, is a chronic multisystem autoimmune disease characterised by widespread vascular injury and progressive fibrosis of the skin and internal organs. Patients with SSc have decreased survival, with pulmonary involvement as the main cause of death. Current treatments for SSc manage a range of symptoms but not the cause of the disease. Our review describes the humanistic and cost burden of SSc.

不同途径骨髓间充质干细胞移植后脊髓损伤大鼠运动功能比较的Meta分析

目的比较静脉移植与局部移植骨髓间充质干细胞(Bone Marrow Stromal Cells,BMSCs)对脊髓损伤大鼠运动功能恢复的效果。方法计算机检索Medline、EMbase、The Cochrane Library(2014年第10期)、中国生物医学文献数据库、万方数据库、中国知网1990~2014年第10期间的静脉移植与局部移植BMSCs治疗脊髓损伤大鼠的随机对照实验。使用Rev Man 5.2.0软件进行Meta分析,纳入研究分为脊髓损伤后3天内细胞移植(3天组)和脊髓损伤后7天细胞移植(7天组)2个亚组,对细胞移植后2、4、6周三个时间点的BBB评分进行分析。结果共6篇文献符合纳入标准。Meta分析结果示:细胞移植后2周,3天组静脉与局部移植BBB评分差异无统计学意义(WMD:-1.15[-2.72,0.42],=0.15),7天组静脉移植BBB评分低于局部移植,差异有统计学意义(WMD:-1.02[-1.99,-0.05],0.05);细胞移植后4周,3天组静脉与局部移植BBB评分差异无统计学意义(WMD:-0.26[-2.26,1.74],=0.80),7天组静脉移植BBB评分低于局部移植,差异有统计学意义(WMD:-0.96[-1.85,-0.07],0.05);细胞移植后6周,3天组静脉与局部移植BBB评分差异无统计学意义(WMD:2.56[-4.39,9.51],=0.47),7天组静脉移植BBB评分低于局部移植,差异有统计学意义(WMD:-1.72[-2.71,-0.73],0.05)。结论脊髓损伤后3天内进行BMSCs移植,局部移植和静脉移植对改善大鼠后肢运动功能没有明显区别;脊髓损伤后7天进行移植,局部移植对大鼠后肢运动功能的恢复效果优于静脉移植。