1910名初中新生慢性鼻-鼻窦炎与鼻中隔偏曲的相关性分析

目的　了解初中新生慢性鼻-鼻窦炎发病与鼻中隔偏曲的相关性。 方法　分层随机抽取郑州市1910名12~15岁初中新生，采取问卷调查及专科体检的形式，根据量表、体检结果，了解鼻中隔偏曲和慢性鼻-鼻窦炎患病情况，分析两者相关性。 结果　抽样初中新生慢性鼻-鼻窦炎的患病率为6.2%（119/1910）；慢性鼻-鼻窦炎患病群体与非患病群体中，轻、中度鼻中隔偏曲的发生率分别为27.7%（33/119）和31.2%（559/1791），两者差异无统计学意义（χ2=0.632，P>0.05）；重度鼻中隔偏曲的发生率分别为13.4%（16/119）和8.0%（144/1791），两者差异有统计学意义（χ2=4.248，P<0.05）。 结论　初中新生慢性鼻-鼻窦炎发病与重度鼻中隔偏曲具有相关性。     

PTSD症状自评量表的信效度初步评价

目的：编制创伤后应激障碍症状自评量表。方法：根据诊断标准和Kubany的痛苦事件量表相结合来编制量表；在284名大学生、87名受灾居民和70名消防官兵中进行信度和效度检验。结果：量表的一致性系数为0．88-0．94，重测信度为0.83-0．88，与SCL90的焦虑、抑郁和恐怖因子的相关性在0．73以上，与DSM-IV的诊断符合率在90％以上。结论：量表有很好的信效度．可以用于评估创伤后应激障碍的症状及其严重程度。     

Role of Der p 1–specific B cells in immune tolerance during 2 years of house dust mite–specific immunotherapy

1. Download high-res image (383KB)
2. Download full-size image

     

中学生生活应激评定量表的初步编制

目的 :编制中学生生活应激评定量表并制定常模。方法 :参考了国内外同类量表 ,采用问卷调查拟定条目 ,并进行信效度检验 ,用困扰症状量表、SCL - 90、特质焦虑量表和中国青少年生活事件检查表作为效标。结果 :新编的量表有较好的信度 ,α系数为 0 86 ,重测信度为 0 90 ;有较好的效度 ( 0 6 0～0 71 )。结论 :该量表具有较满意的心理测量指标。     

精神分裂症致炎性细胞因子、酪氨酸羟化酶基因表达水平与临床症状的关系

目的检测精神分裂症患者致炎性细胞因子(白介素-1β、肿瘤坏死因子-α)和酪氨酸羟化酶(TH)的基因表达水平,探讨其与临床症状的关系。方法采用送转录-聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)和半定量技术,分别检测39例精神分裂症患者,25例同胞对照和30例正常对照外周血单个核细胞IL-1β、TNF-α和TH的基因表达水平,同时应用PANSS量表评定精神分裂症患者临床症状。结果IL-1β在病例组、同胞对照组和正常对照组的基因表达水平分别为1.52±1.01、1.18±0.99和0.55±0.33;TNF-α在三组样本的基因表达水平分别为1.52±1.09、1.01±0.87和0.61±0.32;TH在三组样本的基因表达水平分别为0.74±0.38、0.70±0.29和0.28±0.20。其中病例组与同胞对照组IL-1β、TNF-α、TH基因表达水平无显著差异(P>0.05);病例组和同胞对照组的IL-1β、TNF-α、TH基因表达水平均显著高于正常对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。同时发现IL-1β(r=0.420)、TNF-α(r=0.430)基因表达水平与PANSS量表的一般病理症状分显著相关(P<0.01)。结论精神分裂症患者存在多巴胺功能亢进和致炎性细胞因子的过度表达,且可能受遗传背景影响。致炎性细胞因子可能参与精神分裂症一般病理症状的形成。     

婴儿测试行为与智力发展相关性的研究

目的：分析自行编制的一套婴幼儿测试行为评定量表集中反映了哪些行为倾向，并探讨测试行为与智力与运动能力之矧的关系。方法：对象为227名6—12个月的正常婴儿（男130名，女97名），采用贝利婴幼儿发展量表（BSID）和自编的婴儿测试行为评定量表作为研究工具。应用因子分析、方差分析和相关分析的统计学方法进行统计分析。结果：提取出目标定向性，觉醒状态，负性情绪，正性情绪，反应性，活动量共6个因子，方差贡献率为65．43％。目标定向性、觉醒状态、正性情绪、反应性与智力发育指数（MDI）存在明显的相关，目标定向性，正性情绪，反应性与运动发育指数（PDI）存在明显的相关。结论：婴儿测试行为与智力发展相关。     

Daytime sleepiness during Ramadan intermittent fasting: polysomnographic and quantitative waking EEG study

During the lunar month of Ramadan, Muslims abstain from eating, drinking and smoking from sunrise to sunset. We reported previously that Ramadan provokes a shortening in nocturnal total sleep time by 40 min, an increase in sleep latency, and a decrease in slow-wave sleep (SWS) and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep duration during Ramadan. During the same study, the effects of Ramadan intermittent fasting on daytime sleepiness were also investigated in eight healthy young male subjects using a quantitative waking electroencephalograph (EEG) analysis following the multiple sleep latency test (MSLT) procedure. This procedure was combined with subjective alertness and mood ratings and was conducted during four successive experimental sessions: (1) baseline (BL) 15 days before Ramadan, (2) beginning of Ramadan (R11) on the 11th day of Ramadan, (3) end of Ramadan (R25) on the 25th day of Ramadan, (4) recovery 2 weeks after Ramadan (AR). During each session, four 20-min nap opportunities (MSLTs) were given at 10:00, 12:00, 14:00 and 16:00 h and were preceded by rectal temperature readings. Nocturnal sleep was recorded before each daytime session. Subjective daytime alertness did not change in R25 but decreased in R11 at 12:00 h, and subjective mood decreased at 16:00 h, both in R11 and R25. During the MSLT, mean sleep latency decreased by an average of 2 min in R11 (especially at 10:00 and 16:00 h) and 6 min in R25 (especially at 10:00 and 12:00 h) compared with BL. There was an increase in the daily mean of waking EEG absolute power in the theta (5.5-8.5 Hz) frequency band. Significant correlations were found between sleep latency during the MSLT and the waking EEG absolute power of the fast alpha (10.5-12.5 Hz), sigma (11.5-15.5 Hz) and beta (12.5-30 Hz) frequency bands. Sleep latency was also related to rectal temperature. In conclusion, Ramadan diurnal fasting induced an increase in subjective and objective daytime sleepiness associated with changes in diurnal rectal temperature.     

Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) cluster groups among chronically ill patients: Relationship to illness adjustment and treatment outcome

Cluster analysis of the MMPI has been utilized widely in the chronic low back pain literature to try to identify reliable patient subtypes predictive of treatment outcome. We extended this methodology to patients with heterogeneous chronic medical conditions by replicating prototypic MMPI cluster group profiles and by relating cluster groups to clinical baseline and outcome data. Subjects were two independent samples (n=254 and n=263) of chronically ill patients admitted to an inpatient medicine/psychiatry unit. Using a four-cluster solution, similar cluster profile groups were replicated in both samples. Consistent differences emerged between cluster groups on functional impairment, psychiatric diagnoses, depression, and psychosomatic symptoms. Cluster group membership also predicted changes in functional impairment and depression six months after treatment. Results are discussed in terms of similarities between chronic low back pain and chronic illness and tailoring treatment to different patient types.This research was supported in part by a grant from the Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation.     

New image-processing system for analysis,display and measurement of static and dynamic foot pressures

A new image-processing system, using a video digitiser with an IBM-compatible PC/AT, is developed for acquisition and processing of low-contrast, lowintensity barographic images of both feet for assessment of pressure distribution during standing and walking. Data displays, in the form of centres of pressures, isopressures contours, perspective views of pressures, grey scale image and walking pressure patterns, combined image of walking pressures, paths of centres of pressures and pressure variations with time, are developed. These have provided very useful and early information regarding the internal structural changes in the bones of the foot and sites at risk of ulcer development in leprosy subjects and enable suitable corrective orthopaedic procedures to be adopted. unitl the end of November 1990, and will then return to the Indian Institute of Technology.