强化护理健康教育对行准分子激光上皮瓣下角膜磨镶术近视患者的效果分析

[摘要]目的 分析强化护理健康教育对接受准分子激光上皮瓣下角膜磨镶术的近视患者的术后用药依从性和视觉满意度的影响。方法 选择2015年3月-2015年9月在我院45例接受常规健康教育的行准分子激光上皮瓣下角膜磨镶术近视患者,将其作为对照组;再选取2015年10月-2016年3月接受强化护理健康教育的行准分子激光上皮瓣下角膜磨镶术近视患者作为观察组。对比两组患者术后用药的依从性情况,同时比较两组患者术后的视觉满意度。结果 观察组患者的用药依从率为91.1%,对照组患者的用药依从率为68.9%,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。观察组患者的视觉满意度为100.0%,对照组患者的视觉满意度为84.4%,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。结论 强化护理健康教育应用于行准分子激光上皮瓣下角膜磨镶术的近视患者中,能够提高患者的用药依从性,增强患者的视觉满意度,值得临床进一步推广应用。     

A PRIM approach to predictive‐signature development for patient stratification

Patients often respond differently to a treatment because of individual heterogeneity. Failures of clinical trials can be substantially reduced if, prior to an investigational treatment, patients are stratified into responders and nonresponders based on biological or demographic characteristics. These characteristics are captured by a predictive signature. In this paper, we propose a procedure to search for predictive signatures based on the approach of patient rule induction method. Specifically, we discuss selection of a proper objective function for the search, present its algorithm, and describe a resampling scheme that can enhance search performance. Through simulations, we characterize conditions under which the procedure works well. To demonstrate practical uses of the procedure, we apply it to two real‐world data sets. We also compare the results with those obtained from a recent regression‐based approach, Adaptive Index Models, and discuss their respective advantages. In this study, we focus on oncology applications with survival responses. © 2014 The Authors. Statistics in Medicine published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.     

Comparative analysis of non-adherence to medication treatment for systemic arterial hypertension in urban and rural populations

OBJECTIVE:

to evaluate the indexes and the main factors associated with non-adherence to medication treatment for systemic arterial hypertension between urban and rural areas.

METHOD:

analytical study based on an epidemiological survey with a sample of 247 hypertensive residents of rural and urban areas, with application of a socio-demographic and economic questionnaire, and treatment adherence assessment. The Pearson''s Chi-square test was used and the odds ratio (OD) was calculated to analyze the factors related to non-adherence.

RESULTS:

the prevalence of non-adherence was 61.9% and it was higher in urban areas (63.4%). Factors significantly associated with non-adherence were: male gender (OR=1.95; 95% CI 1.08-3.50), age 20-59 years old (OR=2.51; 95% CI 1.44-4.39), low economic status (OR=1.95; 95% CI 1.09-3.47), alcohol consumption (OR=5.92, 95% CI 1.73-20.21), short time of hypertension diagnosis (OR=3.07; 95% CI 1.35-6.96) and not attending the health service for routine consultations (OR=2.45; 1.35-4.42).

CONCLUSION:

the socio-demographic/economic characteristics, lifestyle habits and how to relate to health services were the factors that presented association with non-adherence regardless of the place of residence.     

龙江医派名医陈景河治疗血瘀证用药规律分析

目的：分析龙江医派名医陈景河治疗血瘀证的用药规律。方法收集、整理龙江医派名医陈景河在齐齐哈尔中医院门诊治疗血瘀证的中药方剂,建立数据库,利用统计学方法对用药情况进行统计分析。结果整理治疗血瘀证的中药方剂50首,涉及中药194种,用药总频数为610次。结论核心单味药依次为川芎、当归、黄芪、丹参、乳香、没药、党参、红花、白芍等;治疗血瘀证以活血化瘀药、补虚药、清热药、解表药等为主要功效的药物为主;药性以温、寒、平为主;药味以苦、辛、甘为主;归经以肝、脾、心、肺、肾为主。     

A Comparison of the Accuracy of Clinician Prediction of Survival Versus the Palliative Prognostic Index

Context

Survival predictions for advanced cancer patients impact many aspects of care, but the accuracy of clinician prediction of survival (CPS) is low. Prognostic tools such as the Palliative Prognostic Index (PPI) have been proposed to improve accuracy of predictions. However, it is not known if PPI is better than CPS at discriminating survival.

医疗卫生立法是依法治国的重要内容

按照依法治国重大战略部署,应当及时有力推动医疗卫生立法工作,就如何依法加强和规范医疗卫生服务,维护群众健康权益,保护健康资金使用与管理,规范医务人员执业行为,促进医疗卫生机构发展,保护从业人员积极性展开讨论,得出了应当建立以医疗卫生基本法为统领,以系列专门法律法规为重点的医疗卫生法律体系,形成医疗卫生领域法制建设的新生态和新常态的立法观点。     

从用药分析的视角看临床药学的发展

通过分别从医生和临床药师的角度对同一张处方进行用药分析,探讨临床药师应具备的素质,并对此进行展望。