Inhibin/activin subunits beta-A (-betaA) and beta-B (-betaB) are differentially localised in normal, hyperplastic and malignant human endometrial tissue

Inhibins (INHs) are dimeric glycoproteins composed of an alpha (-alpha) subunit and one of two possible beta (beta-) subunits (betaA or betaB). The aims of this study were to determine the frequency and distribution of INH beta (betaA and betaB) subunits in normal, hyperplastic and malignant human endometrium. Endometrial tissue was obtained from normal, hyperplastic (simple, complex and atypical) and endometrioid adenocarcinoma (EC) and INH-alpha, -betaA and -betaB were labelled using immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. INH-betaA and -betaB labelling was increased significantly between the proliferative and secretory phase (p<0.05). The lowest labelling was demonstrated in EC, being significantly lower than in secretory phase (p<0.01) and in simple, complex and atypical hyperplastic tissue (p<0.05). For inhibin-betaB, the most intense labelling was noted in atypical hyperplasia compared to EC (p<0.05). A strong colocalisation of inhibin-alpha and -betaA could be demonstrated in malignant endometrial tissue, suggesting the production of inhibin A within the tumour. Additionally, only limited colocalisation of inhibin-betaB with -alpha subunit could be observed, suggesting the synthesis of activin B rather than inhibin B in malignant endometrium. In conclusion, INH-betaA and -betaB were labelled in normal, hyperplastic and malignant endometrium. Hyperplastic tissue labelled more intensely than EC for the presence of INH-betaA and -betaB, suggesting a substantial function in endometrial pathogenesis and an important role in endometrial carcinogenesis.     

基质金属蛋白酶-3在舍格伦综合征患者唾液和唇腺中的表达

［摘要］ 目的 研究基质金属蛋白酶-3（matrix metalloproteinase-3,MMP 3）在舍格伦综合征患者唇腺和唾液中的表达水平,以及明确其表达水平与病理分级的关系。方法 采集35例舍格伦综合征患者（实验组）和20例黏液腺囊肿患者（对照组）的唇腺和唾液,应用酶联免疫吸附试验法（ELISA）检测唾液中MMP-3的表达水平,应用免疫组化方法观察唇腺中MMP-3的表达,使用图像分析软件（IPP 6.0）定量分析两组唇腺中MMP 3的表达强度,并将舍格伦综合征患者按照其病理分级分为低的1、2级和高的3、4级两组。结果 MMP-3在实验组唾液和唇腺中的表达高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;MMP-3在病理分级高的患者唾液和唇腺中表达水平高于病理分级低的患者,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 舍格伦综合征患者唇腺中的MMP-3可能参与了腺泡以及腺体基质的破坏,导致疾病的发生;唾液以及唇腺中MMP-3的表达水平可能成为舍格伦综合征的一项检测指标, 并为临床诊治提供参考依据。     

Serum Levels of Zinc,Copper and Ferritin in Patients with Salivary Gland Tumors

Background: Variation in serum levels of trace elements including zinc, copper and ferritin has been reported incancer patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate these trace elements in the patients’ sera with benign and malignantsalivary gland tumors (SGTs) and compare them with normal individuals. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 60patients with SGTs including 16 pleomorphic adenoma and 44 malignant SGTs, as well as 28 healthy controls, wereenrolled. Serum levels of zinc, copper and ferritin were determined by atomic absorption and ELISA methods. Datawere analyzed using one way ANOVA, Chi-square, Kruskal-Wallis and Mann- Whitney tests. Results: The meanconcentration of zinc, copper, ferritin was1.5± 2 ppm, 1.2± 0.5 ppm, and 96.7± 65.7 ng/ml in PA, 1.5± 1.4,1.3± 0.4,and 111.2± 112 in malignant SGTs, and1.1±0.3, 1.2± 0.23 and 124±135.8 in normal control groups. There was nostatistically significant difference between the patients and control groups, and between benign and malignant SGTs(P>0.05). Conclusion: The serum levels of trace elements in SGTs were not different from normal individuals. Theresults might have been affected by some interventional factors. Therefore, designing cohort complementary studiesmight result in obtaining more accurate data.     

人工角膜表面组织增生的临床病理分析

目的 探讨人工角膜植入术后表面组织增生(STP)的临床和病理特点,以及其形成原因和防治方法.方法 回顾性病例研究.选择2000年1月至2009年12月间在解放军总医院接受人工角膜植入手术的患者85例(85只眼),男性72例,女性13例,平均年龄为(45±15)岁.术前诊断包括眼烧伤(56只眼)、自身免疫性干眼终末期(14只眼)、眼爆炸伤(10只眼)和重复移植失败(5只眼),对术后STP进行临床观察和治疗.以正常眼前节标本作为对照,对手术切除的增生膜进行病理和免疫组织化学分析.应用Pearson卡方检验比较不同病因患者人工角膜STP阳性率的差异.结果 22例(26%)患者在二期术后出现STP,发生组织增生的中位数时间为7个月(2～63个月).不同病因患者STP的阳性率依次为眼烧伤34%(19/56)、自身免疫性干眼终末期14%(2/14)、爆炸伤10%(1/10)、重复移植失败患者未见组织增生,各组间比较差异无统计学意义(x2=5.93,P=0.11).22例患者中,11例表现为上皮增生,于裂隙灯显微镜下去除增生的上皮,适当调高镜柱后增生被抑制;4例接受了超高频眼表成形手术;7例由于增生膜较厚,在手术显微镜下进行了切除.组织学上,增生膜由上皮细胞和纤维血管组织组成,伴间质慢性炎症反应.免疫组织化学显示,与正常角膜和结膜相比,增生膜上皮层中增殖细胞核抗原表达增多、增强,间质组织中可见大量波形蛋白表达阳性的成纤维细胞和一些α平滑肌肌动蛋白表达阳性的肌纤维母细胞,基质中散在CD45RO阳性的T淋巴细胞,还可见灶状分布的CDllc阳性的树突状细胞和CD68阳性的巨噬细胞.结论 人工角膜镜柱周围组织增牛会导致人工角膜前膜形成,材料-组织交界处过度的炎症反应以及不适当的镜柱高度是引起组织增生的主要原因.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the clinical and histopathologic features of the superficial tissue proliferation ( STP) following the implantation of MICOF keratoprosthesis, and to analyze the formation and treatment of STP. Methods Retrospective study. Eighty-five patients ( 85 eyes) received MICOF keratoprosthesis surgery from January 2000 through December 2009 in Genera) Hospital of PLA, which included 72 males and 13 females. The mean age of the patients was (45 ±15) years. Preoperative diagnoses were ocular burn (56 eyes) , end-stage of autoimmune dry eye ( 14 eyes) , severe ocular trauma (10 eyes) and repeated graft failure (5 eyes). Postoperatively, STPs of Kpro were observed and treated. The membranes anterior to the optical cylinder were removed and investigated by histological and immunohistochemical methods, and anterior segment specimens from normal eyes were taken as control. Results Twenty-two (26% ) patients presented STP during the follow-up, and proliferations occurred ranging from 2 to 63 months (median, 7 months). The incident rates of STP were 34% (19/56 eyes) in burned eyes,14% (2/14 eyes)in end-stage dry eye, 10% (1/10 eyes)in severe mechanical ocular trauma, and none in repeated grafts failure. Difference among four groups did not arrive significance statistically (x2 =5. 93, P = 0. 11). The epithelial proliferations were observed in 11 patients, which were removed easily. To prevent from recurrence, the height of the cylinder was adjusted. Other 4 patients underwent ultra-high frequency ocular surface plastic operation and 7 patients received membranectomy. Histologically, the superficial proliferative membrane was composed of proliferative epithelium and fibrovascular tissue incorporating inflammatory cells. The immunohistochemical staining demonstrated the expression of PCNA increased in the epithelium, compared with control cornea and conjunctiva. Many vimentin-positive fibroblasts and a few α-SMA-positive myofibroblasts presented in the interstitial tissue, and the numbers of CD45RO-positive T cells, CD11c-positive dendritic cells, and CD68-positive macrophages were increased in proliferative membranes. Conclusions The tissue proliferation around optical cylinder results in membrane formation anterior to the Kpro. The excessive inflammation at the prosthesis-corneal junction and the unsuited height of the optical cylinder might have been the main reasons of STP.     

用FNAC对208例乳腺增生症、纤维腺瘤、腺癌的病理诊断

目的探讨细针吸取细胞学检查(FNAC)在乳腺增生症纤维腺瘤腺癌诊断中的价值。方法 对208例乳腺增生症、纤维腺瘤、腺癌进行病理分析。结果 文献报道FNAC诊断的准确率可达70%-90%之间, 本组约82%左右, 基本相同。结论 FNAC在乳腺增生症纤维腺瘤腺癌的诊断中有较高的准确性, 值得推广普及。     

单侧肾上腺结节性原发性醛固酮增多症的诊断与预后(附27例分析)

目的 探讨单侧肾上腺结节性原发性醛固酮增多症的几种诊断方法的阳性率及治疗效果.方法 回顾性分析2006年1月至2011年1月经手术及病理确诊的单侧肾上腺皮质结节增生性原发性醛固酮增多症患者27例,男13例,女14例.以头痛头晕就诊22例,体检发现肾上腺占位就诊5例.27例患者均有高血压病史,患病时间中位时间2年(1个月～24年).所有患者均行肾上腺B超及薄层CT扫描,其中行肾上腺静脉采血(AVS)检查16例.结果 :B超、CT及AVS采血阳性率分别为66.7％、92.6％、93.8％.2例行开放,25例行经后腹腔镜患侧肾上腺切除术,术后随访20例,18例术后6个月内血压恢复正常;2例6个月后血压控制不理想,1例需2种以上降压药物联合降压.结论 单侧肾上腺皮质结节增生性原发性醛固酮增多症是一种可以通过手术治愈的疾病,需要反复检测血浆醛固酮及肾素等,CT及肾上腺静脉采血是其术前分型定侧诊断的重要手段.     

RNAi沉默卵巢癌耐药细胞株SKOV3／TAXOL内源mdr1基因对细胞增生的影响

目的构建靶向于卵巢癌耐药细胞株中高表达的mdr1基因的短发夹状RNA重组质粒,研究其沉默卵巢癌耐药细胞株SKOV3／TAXOL内源mdr1基因对细胞增生的抑制作用。方法运用基因克隆技术构建靶向于mdr1基因的重组质粒pGPU6／GFP／Neo—mdr1并转染至卵巢癌耐药细胞株SKOV3／TAXOL,CCK-8检测对SKOV3／TAXOL细胞增生的抑制作用。结果构建的重组质粒pGPU6／GFP／Neo—mdr1能明显抑制mdr1基因的表达。CCK-8检测结果表明,转染重组质粒pGPU6／GFP／Neo—mdr1的SKOV3／TAXOL靶细胞的抑制率比对照组显著提高（P〈0．05）。pGPU6／GFP／Neo—mdr1明显抑制SKOV3／TAXOL细胞的增生。细胞凋亡检测显示,pGPU6／GFP／Neo—mdr1转染SKOV3／T后细胞凋亡增加,通过pGPU6／GFP／Neo—mdr1转染SKOV3／T促进凋亡的发生。结论mdr1基因在耐药的卵巢癌细胞增生与凋亡过程中发挥作用,重组质粒pGPU6／GFP／Neo—mdr1可有效地抑制SKOV3／TAXOL细胞内源mdr1基因的表达和mRNA的转录,并抑制细胞的增生和促进凋亡的发生,     

晨尿中芳香基硫酸酯酶活性检测对乳腺癌患者的诊断价值

目的探讨晨尿中芳香基硫酸酯酶活性检测在乳腺癌患者中的诊断价值。方法采用“芳香基硫酸酯酶检测试剂盒（荧光测定法）”测定乳腺恶性肿瘤组、良性对照组和健康对照组晨尿中的芳香基硫酸酯酶（ARS）活性,并对ARS活性进行统计学比较（u检验,X^2检验）和ROC分析。结果乳腺恶性肿瘤组ARS活性相对于两对照组,均有显著性增高;晨尿中ARS在乳腺癌诊断中的敏感度为57．0％,特异度为97．8％,准确度为69．9％,ROC曲线下面积AUC=0．920。结论晨尿中ARS活性检测对乳腺癌患者的诊断有一定的临床价值。     

原发性腮腺鳞状细胞癌的诊治

目的探讨原发性腮腺鳞状细胞癌（简称鳞癌）的临床特点、治疗和预后因素。方法回顾性分析中国医学科学院肿瘤医院头颈外科1990年1月～2008年8月24例原发性腮腺鳞癌,总结其临床资料、病理结果、生存情况和预后因素。结果Kaplan-Meier法计算全组5年生存率达35.9%,手术肉眼切净肿瘤的患者（n=18）5年生存率达47.9%。初治（n=15）和复发挽救（n=9）患者的5年生产率分别为44.2%和22.2%（P=0.132）,治疗失败的原因主要是局部区域复发。多因素分析提示二次治疗和肿瘤肉眼残存是预后不良的因素。结论原发性腮腺鳞癌恶性程度较高,首次治疗是关键,切除的肿瘤可获得较好的效果,肿瘤肉眼残存或二次治疗的患者预后较差。