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51.
我国香港、澳门、台湾地区与大陆药学执业人员的比较 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
目的:供我国大陆药学执业人员的管理者及其他相关人员参考。方法:对我国香港、澳门、台湾地区与大陆药学执业人员的有关情况进行比较和分析。结果与结论:我国香港、澳门、台湾地区与大陆在药学执业人员的管理法律依据、管理机构、分类及数量、分布、准入资格、教育和继续教育等方面均存在差异,大陆可以借鉴香港、澳门、台湾地区的可取之处,进一步完善对药学执业人员的管理。 相似文献
52.
[目的 ] 探讨浦东新区为外籍和港澳台人士提供医疗服务的可行性。 [方法 ] 从浦东新区的社会、经济状况、医疗卫生资源的整体布局、服务利用、外籍和港澳台人士的医疗卫生需求等方面分析浦东新区涉外医疗服务的现状 ;从信息交流、医疗保险、服务环境、理念、方式及收费等方面分析存在的问题。 [结果 ] 从医疗资源的配置、服务意识、环境、规范、人才培养等方面提出了应对措施。 [结论 ] 为推动浦东新区涉外医疗服务工作的顺利开展 ,需首先解决涉外医疗服务的宣传、涉外医疗服务社区点建设、收费标准及医疗商业保险的设立等问题 相似文献
53.
目的:将香港澳门的药品注册管理进行系统的比较研究,为内地药品到港澳上市提供参考。方法:运用文献研究和政策分析法,对港澳地区的药品注册管理体系、药品注册要求以及注册申报程序进行对比分析。结果:港澳的药品注册管理机制不同,香港的药品管理法律体系呈平行管理的特点,对中西药独立监管注册,中药实行中成药注册分类制度,并根据注册组别不同提交不同资料;而澳门的药品法律体系尚未统一,对药品集中注册管理,实行预先登记机制,中药实行中药预先许可制度。结论:内地药品在港澳注册上市,有利于提高内地企业的国际化和药物研发水平;内地企业在港澳申请注册时,应熟悉港澳药品注册管理政策,并与当地经销商合作,积极开展国际多中心临床试验;而提高内地企业药品研发质量,促进三地临床数据互认,有利于实现三地互利共赢的目标。 相似文献
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55.
目的了解目前澳门地区高校大学生遭受性骚扰的现状,为构建大学生性骚扰防治系统提供参考和依据。方法本研究为描述性研究,采用便利抽样法,通过研究小组成员与学校取得共识,学校协助宣传网上问卷二维码及问卷网页版链接,学生以不记名方式网上自填问卷来进行数据收集。结果 (1)共收到1 209份有效问卷,女性占53.85%,男性占46.15%。(2)性骚扰行为无处不在。69.57%大学生曾在公共场所被性骚扰,其次是在工作地点(13.04%)、学校(10.43%)。(3)部分学生自我保护意识薄弱。遇到性骚扰时,57.98%大学生表示会实时喝止,43.18%会告诉家人或师长,选择报警的仅占20.43%,有54.01%选择躲开,完全不理会占32.34%。结论尽快在高校中开设系统性性教育课程,帮助大学生树立性权利保护意识,从思想意识上构筑好防性骚扰的第一层"思想保护网";发挥澳门高等院校性别平等促进委员会以及司法警察局牵头作用,加大防范和反性骚扰策略宣传,建立反性骚扰"行为防治网";成立性骚扰防控中心,为有需要学生提供一条龙服务,加强与公安、卫生、社区服务等组织联系,从多角度、全方位建立性骚扰"爱心救助网"。 相似文献
56.
Background
Many randomised controlled trials have compared Chinese herbal drugs with conventional chemical drugs for treatment of angina pectoris, but these studies have not been evaluated by network meta-analysis. We did a frequentist network meta-analysis to assess whether Chinese herbal drugs are efficacious in treating angina pectoris.Methods
This study was designed and reported in accordance with the PRISMA guideline for network meta-analyses (PRISMA-NMA). We searched for randomised controlled trials of monotherapy with Chinese herbal drugs versus conventional chemical drugs for angina pectoris in major bibliographic databases, including PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang Data, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and Science Direct. The search was last updated on Sept 4, 2013. Outcomes were symptomatic and electrocardiography (ECG) improvement. We evaluated the quality of randomised controlled trials with the Cochrane Collaboration's tool for assessing risk of bias. We used odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs to measure effect sizes. Two independent network meta-analyses were conducted based on a combined pairwise meta-analysis model and a linear mixed-effects (LME) model. The strength of evidence was assessed with the GRADE approach.Findings
The database search found 7456 records, of which 7225 were excluded; 231 records of randomised controlled trial with 25?180 patients were included according to the eligibility criteria. The overall quality of the included studies was deemed moderate. Overall ORs comparing Chinese herbal drugs with conventional chemical drugs were 2·68 (95% CI 2·31–3·10) for symptomatic improvement and 2·06 (1·83–2·31) for ECG improvement with a combined pairwise network meta-analysis. Relative to isosorbide dinitrate, LME-based network meta-analysis found that naoxintong capsule (OR 2·18 [95% CI 1·58–3·00] for symptoms; 1·57 [1·22–2·01] for ECG), baoxin pill (2·17 [1·65–2·86] for symptoms; 1·62 [1·32–1·97] for ECG), and tongxinluo capsule (2·12 [1·60–2·80] for symptoms; 1·57 [1·28–1·92] for ECG) were more efficacious. Relative to nifedipine in improving symptoms, LME-based network meta-analysis found that naoxintong capsule (OR 1·49 [95% CI 1·01–2·18]), baoxin pill (1·48 [1·05–2·10]), and tongxinluo capsule (OR 1·45 [1·02–2·08]) were more efficacious. However, relative to nifedipine in improving ECG results, naoxintong capsule (OR 1·21, 95% CI 0·89–1·65), baoxin pill (1·25, 0·94–1·67), and tongxinluo capsule (1·22, 0·90–1·63) were not more efficacious. The strength of evidence according to the GRADE assessment was low to moderate.Interpretation
These frequentist network meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials indicated that specific Chinese herbal drugs are more efficacious than some conventional chemical drugs (ie, nifedipine and isosorbide dinitrate) in treating angina pectoris. Further larger-scale network meta-analyses of registered randomised controlled trials, including all antianginal drugs and outcome measures, are warranted.Funding
University of Macau (MYRG190[Y1-L3]-ICMS11-LSW and MYRG2014-00117-ICMS-QRCM). 相似文献57.
Background The rise of the production of CTX-M class extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) has been well documented in traveling countries but no data are found for Macao, an international travel city. The objectives of this study were to identify the antimicrobial resistance pattern, and determine the prevalence, genotype and clonal relationship of ESBLs in 209 clinical Escherichia coli strains from Macao, China.
Methods Antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed to determine the resistance patterns of the isolates using the disk diffusion method with 17 antimicrobial agents. Phenotypic detection was screened and confirmed according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Genotypic characterization was detected by isoelectric focusing analysis, polymerase chain reaction and sequencing. The clonal relationship between the different ESBL isolates was studied by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE).
Results Imipenem and meropenem exhibited 100% susceptible among 209 strains. Overall, 82.3%, 67.3%, 52.9%, 51.2% and 51.0% of the isolates displayed resistance to ampicillin, tetracylcline, ciprofloxacin, sulfamethoxazole trimethoprin and gentamycin. The prevalence rate of ESBLs was 30.1%. Antibiotic resistances were found to be significantly higher among the ESBL producing group compared to non-ESBL producing group. We detected CTX-M-14 to be the major genotypic characterization of ESBLs (76.2%). Two strains showed indistinguishable patterns by PFGE.
Conclusions The prevalence of antimicrobial resistance is alarming high in Macao. Antimicrobial resistance is significantly higher among the ESBL producing group. This study documented CTX-M-14 as the predominant ESBL type. Although indistinguishable pattern was found between two strains, it was too small to decide whether any of the investigated strains was epidemic. Our findings may be also pertinent for other geographic areas undergoing similar travel characteristics to understand the corresponding effects on bacterial populations.
相似文献
58.
澳门护士、医疗人员与市民对护士角色功能存在共识。三类被访群体对护士提供护理照顾及健康教育角色普遍赞同,对护士社区以及新角色功能的认知虽存在一定的差异,对6项护士角色功能赞同均高于70%及以上。根据《澳门护理人力资源十年规划》研究报告的部分结果,分析澳门护理立法与其对护士角色功能的影响,在参考内地、香港与台湾护理立法现状下,提出需对澳门护士的管理体制及专业发展情况作全面性检讨,修订符合社会现况以及护理事业发展的法律,以支持护士角色功能的拓展。 相似文献
59.
目的 了解中国澳门地区中学生伤害的发生现况及其影响因素,为制订中学生伤害防控措施和策略提供依据。方法 随机整群抽取澳门地区4所中学676名中学生进行伤害流行病学调查并进行统计分析。结果 澳门地区中学生伤害发生率为49.41%(334/676),男生为52.22%(188/360),女生为46.20%(146/316);伤害在冬季多见,占34.73%(116/334),下午多发,占33.53%(112/334);发生场所主要是家中32.03%(107/334);伤害以扭伤、碰撞/挤压伤和跌落/坠落伤为主,占65.27%(218/334);受伤部位多为下肢,占41.62%(139/334),其次是手指/脚趾,占25.45%(85/334);受伤程度以轻度为主,占68.26%(228/334);受伤者采取的处理方式多为自己/他人处理,占55.99%(187/334);多因素分析结果显示,澳门地区中学生平时偶尔嬉戏打闹(OR=1.46)和运动前热身(OR=1.37)为澳门地区中学生伤害发生的危险因素,初三(OR=0.41)和高三年级(OR=0.56)为澳门地区中学生伤害发生的保护因素。结论 澳门地区中学生伤害发生率高,影响因素复杂,学校和家长应共同采取相应措施以降低伤害发生。 相似文献
60.
澳门老年人抑郁症状及其影响因素调查分析 总被引:18,自引:0,他引:18
目的:调查澳门老年人中抑郁症状及影响因素。方法:采用CES-D抑郁量表对662名55岁以上的澳门中老年人进行了评定,结果:有12.37%的老人有明显的抑郁症状;抑郁量表的得分女性显著高于男性,不同年龄组之间差异不显著。多元回归分析的结果显示,家庭结构,经济保障,与配偶及子女的关系,健身活动等是影响澳门老年人抑郁情绪的主要因素。结论:澳门老人中存有抑郁症状,其影响因素是多方面的。 相似文献