Partial 2-Stage Exchange for Infected Total Hip Arthroplasty: An Updated Report

BackgroundManagement of an infected total hip arthroplasty (THA) is challenging. The eradication of infection as well as complications of component removal must all be considered. This study is an update on previous reports of treating periprosthetic infection of the hip with a partial 2-stage exchange with retention of the femoral component.MethodsA retrospective review of our practice’s arthroplasty registry from 2000 to 2018 revealed 41 hips with 2-year minimum follow-up that were treated with a 2-stage partial exchange for an infected THA. All first-stage procedures allowed an articulating construct with 1 of 3 variations: cemented constrained liner (13 hips), StageOne Hip Cement Spacer Mold (14 hips), or an antibiotic polymethylmethacrylate head molded from a bulb syringe (14 hips). Of 41 cases, 34 were culture positive, with 3 cases having methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus.ResultsMean follow-up was 5.5 years (range, 1.5-18.5 years). The second-stage reimplantation was accomplished in 39 of the 41 hips (95%) at a mean interval of 9.2 weeks (range, 5-9 weeks). Two patients underwent repeat radical debridement with removal of all components before reimplantation for persistent clinical evidence of infection. Thirty-three of the 41 hips (81%) were infection free at most recent follow-up. The mean postoperative Harris hip score at most recent evaluation was 63.6 (range, 24-100).ConclusionEradication of periprosthetic joint infections, while minimizing patient morbidity, continues to be a challenge. Partial 2-stage exchange may be considered in cases where removal of a well-fixed femoral component may result in significant bony destruction.     

Chemotype and genotype combined analysis applied to tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) analytical traceability

A large number of fresh fruits and vegetables are primary sources of antioxidants; tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is accepted worldwide as a significant source of antioxidant functional compounds (vitamin C, lycopene, rutin). Many cultivars and hybrids of tomato, having different chemical and nutritional characteristics, are available on the market. Tomato cultivars for industrial processing are very different, not only in fruit characteristics (size, shape), but also in lycopene and antioxidant contents. The aim of this study was the chemotyping and genotyping of the tomato varieties Heinz 3402, Leader and Perfectpeel, (1) to evaluate the genetic traceability of these varieties, and (2) to determine whether their functional antioxidants compounds are useful markers of traceability. Principal component analysis (PCA) was first applied to the Random Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) fingerprints, confirming that this approach is a powerful identification method at intra-specific level. Heinz 3402 showed the highest antioxidant activity, followed by Perfectpeel and Leader varieties. Perfectpeel showed the lower lycopene content, while Leader and Heinz 3402 showed significantly higher values (13.68 and 15.78 mg/100 g, fresh weight, respectively). The highest rutin content was observed in Heinz 3402 (12.46 ± 0.69, mg/100 g, fresh weight), followed by Leader (7.87 ± 0.72) and Perfectpeel (2.70 ± 0.68). Antioxidant capacity was significantly correlated with the lycopene and rutin content. Finally, PCA was applied to chemotype data-sets, confirming both mineral content and functional antioxidant compounds as useful markers to unambiguously identify these high-lycopene content varieties.     

血清芽管实验检测白假丝酵母菌的药物敏感性

目的了解泌尿生殖道感染白假丝酵母菌对黄连、黄芩、七叶一枝花和氟康唑注射液的敏感性,为临床有效控制其感染提供依据。方法采用白假丝酵母菌芽管药敏试验法,测定黄连、黄芩、七叶一枝花的50%乙醇提取物和氟康唑注射液对从泌尿生殖道感染标本中分离出的52株白假丝酵母菌芽管的最低抑制浓度。结果黄连、黄芩、七叶一枝花的50%乙醇提取物和氟康唑注射液,在一定的浓度下对泌尿生殖道感染白假丝酵母菌芽管有明显的抑制作用,其抑制芽管的最低浓度分别为1.25,5,2.5 mg/ml和0.125 mg/ml。结论白假丝酵母菌芽管药敏试验法,可为临床快速筛选敏感药物;黄连、黄芩、七叶一枝花的50%乙醇提取物和氟康唑注射液对白假丝酵母菌有较好的抗菌活性。     

枸杞原汁、枸杞多糖诱导人正常肝细胞L-O2及卵巢癌细胞株SKOV3、HO8910凋亡的实验研究

目的:对比研究枸杞原汁、枸杞多糖对人正常肝细胞L-O2及人卵巢癌细胞株SKOV3、HO8910的生长抑制,及诱导凋亡的作用及其机制。方法:枸杞原汁、枸杞多糖作用L-O2、SKOV3、HO8910,用MTT法检测细胞生长抑制率,流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡率并分析细胞周期分布的变化。结果:枸杞原汁组:L-O2、SKOV3、HO8910生长抑制率分别为-58%,-49%,-84%;L-O2、HO8910凋亡细胞含量明显少于空白对照组,正常细胞数明显多于空白对照组;枸杞原汁对L-O2、HO8910无细胞周期阻滞,各期细胞分别较对照组均匀;枸杞多糖组:枸杞多糖(500,1000,2000)mg/L作用下,L-O2生长抑制率分别为28%,31%,20%;SK-OV3为-1%,40%,35%,HO8910为13%,48%,41%;不同浓度LBP对L-O2及HO8910均有诱导凋亡作用,凋亡细胞数以1000mg/L为最大;1000mg/L组L-O2、HO8910细胞周期均阻滞于S期,S期细胞比例高于对照组。结论:枸杞原汁在体外对L-O2、SKOV3、HO8910有促进生长作用,且对HO8910的作用最大;对L-O2、HO8910无诱导细胞凋亡作用。枸杞多糖在体外对L-O2、SKOV3、HO8910都有抑制生长作用,且对HO8910作用最大;对L-O2、HO8910有诱导细胞凋亡作用,以浓度1000mg/L为最大,并未表现出剂量依赖效应。枸杞多糖诱导细胞发生S期阻滞,并且诱导S期细胞发生凋亡是其体外抑制细胞生长的可能机制之一。     

正交试验法优选五味子的提取工艺

目的研究五味子提取的最佳工艺条件。方法以提取液中五味子乙素含量为指标,用正交设计优选醇提工艺。结果与结论加6倍量80%乙醇提取3次,3h/次为醇提最佳工艺条件。     

虫白蜡酸值、皂化值的测定

目的建立测定虫白蜡酸值、皂化值的方法。方法通过更换溶剂、过滤、加热等途径进行测定。结果可顺利测得虫白蜡酸值、皂化值。结论虫白蜡酸值、皂化值可通过更换溶剂、过滤、加热等途径测得。     

陆英颗粒对CCl4致小鼠急性肝损伤保护作用研究

目的研究陆英颗粒灌胃给药对CCl4致小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用。方法采用急性CCl4肝损伤模型,给予小鼠陆英颗粒灌胃7d,观察其对给予0.1?l416h后各组血清ALT、AST、TP、Alb、GLO、A/G、TG及肝组织TP、TG、MDA、T-AOC、GSH、T-SOD及Ca2 -ATPase活力的影响。结果陆英颗粒能显著对抗CCl4致小鼠急性肝损伤导致的血清中ALT、AST升高,减轻TG在肝组织内的蓄积和降低MDA的含量,提高肝组织T-SOD的活力及总抗氧化能力(T-AOC),亦能提高肝细胞膜和微粒体膜的Ca2 -ATPase的活性,减少GSH代偿性增高的程度;病理结果也表明陆英颗粒对肝细胞损伤具有明显的保护作用;并有较明显的量效关系。结论陆英颗粒对CCl4致小鼠急性肝损伤有明显的保护作用。     

枸杞多糖防治大鼠酒精性脂肪肝的作用及机制研究

目的:研究枸杞多糖(LBP)对大鼠酒精性脂肪肝(AFL)的防治作用及机制。方法:治疗组大鼠用乙醇灌胃10wk复制慢性AFL模型,再用LBP治疗10wk,以戒酒组为阳性对照,作治疗前后比较;预防组用乙醇和LBP同时灌胃10wk,与模型组比较肝脏病理形态、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、γ-谷氨酰基转移酶(γ-GT)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)、丙二醛(MDA)、肝细胞色素P_(450)2E1(CYP2E1)基因及蛋白表达。结果:LBP能抑制CYP2E1基因及蛋白表达,降低血清ALT、AST、γ-GT含量,提高GSH-PX、SOD活性,增加GSH含量,减少MDA产生,明显改善和预防酒精所致大鼠肝脏脂肪病变。结论:LBP可通过减轻脂质过氧化反应,有效地防治AFL。     

中华猕猴桃根的化学成分研究

目的：研究中华猕猴桃Actinidia chinensis根的化学成分。方法：中华猕猴桃根的95％乙醇提取物,依次用石油醚、醋酸乙酯、正丁醇萃取,应用多种色谱技术对醋酸乙酯部分进行分离纯化,通过波谱数据分析(MS,IR,¹H-NMR,¹³C-NMR)进行结构鉴定。结果：从醋酸乙酯部分分离得到7个化合物,经鉴定为2α-羟基齐墩果酸(1),2α-羟基乌苏酸(2),蔷薇酸(3),23-羟基乌苏酸(4),3β-O-乙酰乌苏果酸(5),麦角甾-4,6,8(14),22-四烯-3-酮(6),β-谷甾醇(7)。结论：所有化合物均为首次从该植物中分离鉴定。     

五倍子生药学研究

目的为五倍子的生药鉴定和开发利用提供科学依据。方法采用性状鉴定、显微鉴定与理化鉴定。结果五倍子横切面组织结构非腺毛众多且明显,非腺毛壁厚,略微木质化。大型树脂道与维管束伴生,位于维管束上方。导管群明显且木质化;粉末中非腺毛及树脂道碎片明显,具螺纹导管及草酸钙簇晶。结论本研究可作为五倍子鉴定的依据。