"镇八方"之妙用

结合临床治疗脾胃本病和其他脏腑受病的体会与经验,介绍著名中医临床家卢铸之创造的镇八方之法及其临证运用要旨。     

改良生津汤与开塞露治疗产后便秘100例临床对照

目的：比较改良生津汤与开塞露治疗产后便秘的作用。资料：收集本院阴道产后便秘100例．分为两组，每组50例。方法：Ⅰ组病人服用生津汤通便，Ⅱ组病人使用开塞露通便。结果：Ⅰ组病人全部于6小时内排出软便，Ⅱ组病人46例排便，有4人无效。结论：改良生津汤治疗产后便秘方法简便，效果肯定。不影响哺乳。值得临床推广。     

任应秋早期学术思想探析

目的：探讨陆渊雷对任应秋早期学术思想的影响。方法：根据文献,分析任应秋早期治学的时代背景和学术特点。结果：任应秋早期的学术思想曾受陆渊雷的影响,以“中医科学化”为己任,代表著作具有“中医科学化”的痕迹。结论：陆渊雷对任应秋早期学术思想具有重要影响。     

吕仁和用“六对论治”诊治痛风肾病的经验

“六对论治”是吕仁和先生在整体观念和辨证论治总体思想指导下总结出对疾病诊治的 6种具体方法 ,包括对病分期辨证论治、对病辨证论治、对病论治、对症论治、对症辨证论治、对症辨病与辨证相结合论治。以痛风肾病为例 ,阐述了“六对论治”在疾病中的具体应用 ,使医生能够将西医的病与中医的证有机地结合起来 ,尤其对慢性、复杂性的疾病容易找到合理的治疗方案。     

清代医家对“露”的运用规律与特点分析

医家将露水和露剂统称为"露",露剂由蒸馏所得,或由水蒸气集聚凝结而成,其性轻清,随气上蒸流行。由于药露轻灵、芳香、凉润等特性契合温病病因以热、湿为主,在发病过程中多伤阴等特点,故在温病、热病中使用广泛且种类繁多。因露剂性质甘寒凉润、辛香散利、养阴效捷,其味芳香,且与湿邪之趋下之性不同,故不助长湿邪。因此,阴液大伤或湿热伤阴等证用之尤佳。露剂性芳香而质轻,其性轻清趋上,故可开宣醒脾胃。湿阻气机者亦为多用。药露性甘者,可清养脾胃,医家亦常用食物蒸露以疗虚损,皆取其性质轻清而不黏腻,更易被脾胃运化,胃气极弱不能进粥饮者用之最宜。药物中能蒸为露剂者多为鲜药,大多保留了其辛香之味,而鲜品之属辛香气药者又多较干品味厚力峻,且其药鲜力专、透发力强,质淳味厚、直捣病所,故其解郁行气血之力不容小觑,适用于胃痛、胁痛、呕吐、恶露不行等病证。露剂亦可辅助理血,调和营血又补助阴津。露剂质轻清趋上,其性芳香,故有安神及醒神之效。露水亦可用于疟疾的治疗。     

陆德铭扶正法为主防治乳腺癌复发转移的经验

从病因病机、治法方药、生活调养三方面论述了陆德铭教授防治乳腺癌复发转移的经验,强调“养正积自除”,辨证与辨病结合、整体与局部结合、扶正与祛邪结合的学术特点。     

陆为民运用乌梅丸临床经验撷菁

陆为民教授是国医大师、著名脾胃病专家徐景藩教授的学术继承人,以擅用经方治疗临床诸证尤其是消化系统疾病而颇负盛名,其对于仲景经典名方"乌梅丸"的运用尤广。他认为,《伤寒杂病论》原文所栽乌梅丸虽为"寒热错杂、阴阳气不相顺接"之厥阴病主方,但因其"酸苦相合、寒温并用、攻补兼施"的组方特点,在临床实践过程中只要紧紧抓住其"寒热并存、虚实错杂"的病机,同时结合下半夜为"厥阴欲解时"的发病特点,根据病证表现灵活化裁,其可运用的病证范围十分广泛。陆为民教授在乌梅丸的临床运用过程中,始终把握"辨其病机而用、研其药性而选、衡其病证而调"的原则,同时不拘泥于原方药物及剂量,随证变化,疗效颇佳。     

Preparation,evaluation, and first clinical use of 177Lu‐labeled hydroxyapatite (HA) particles in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: utility of cold kits for convenient dose formulation at hospital radiopharmacy

While radiation synovectomy (RSV) constitutes a successful paradigm for the treatment of arthritis, a major cornerstone of its success resides in the selection of appropriate radiolabeled agent. Among the radionuclide used for RSV, the scope of using ¹⁷⁷Lu [T_1/2 = 6.65 d, E_β(max) = 497 keV, E_γ = 113 KeV (6.4%), 208 KeV (11%)] seemed to be attractive owing to its suitable decay characteristics, easy availability, and cost‐effective production route. The present article describes a formulation of ¹⁷⁷Lu‐labeled hydroxyapatite (HA) using ready‐to‐use kits of HA particles of 1–10 µm size range. The developed kits enable convenient one‐step preparation of ¹⁷⁷Lu‐HA (400 ± 30 MBq doses) in high radiochemical purity (>99%) and stability at hospital radiopharmacy. The preparation showed promising results in pre‐clinical studies carried out in Wistar rats bearing arthritis in knee joints. In preliminary clinical investigation, significant improvement in the disease conditions was reported in 10 patients with rheumatoid arthritis of knee joints treated with 333 ± 46 MBq doses of ¹⁷⁷Lu‐HA. The studies reveal that while ¹⁷⁷Lu labeled HA particles holds considerable promise as a cost‐effective agent for RSV, the adopted strategy of using HA kits could be a potential step toward wider clinical utilization of radiolanthanide‐labeled HA particles. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于CiteSpace和VOSviewer可视化分析药食同源中药罗汉果的发展态势

目的 罗汉果Siraitia grosvenorii为药食同源中药,具有较高营养价值、药用价值。随着居民饮食消费观念改变,天然甜味剂市场需求增加,而罗汉果作为天然代糖,热度日趋增强。分析罗汉果的研究现状和发展态势,为未来研究拓展提供参考。方法 以罗汉果为关键词,从中国知网（CNKI）数据库与Web of Science（WOS）数据库核心集检索并导出相关文献,并导入Endnote软件进行查重、筛选和格式转换后导出题录。最后使用CiteSpace、VOSviewer、Excel软件分别对罗汉果中英文文献的整体产出、研究主体及合作网络、高被引文献、关键词等进行分析。结果 共纳入文献551篇,其中中文文献458篇,英文文献93篇。罗汉果的年发文量大体呈现增长趋势,共有14个国家参与罗汉果的研究,其中以中国为主。中英文文献居发文量榜首的机构分别为广西壮族自治区药用植物园、Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院）。中英文文献发文量最多的作者均为马小军。研究领域内各机构和团队之间的交流合作有待加强。被引频次前10的中英文文献主要研究方向为罗汉果的化学成分、植物培养及药理作用研究等。罗汉果苷V作为罗汉果中备受关注的活性物质是该领域的研究热点。中英文关键词共现、聚类显示研究热点集中于罗汉果的栽培、提取分离、工艺优化、药理作用、应用等方面。结论 罗汉果研究目前仍处于上升阶段,未来罗汉果领域的研究重点应关注罗汉果苷V的高含量品种选育、提取工艺等方面,另罗汉果多糖结构与活性的关联性也是罗汉果发展的重要趋势。     

Radiolabeling,quality control,biodistribution, and imaging studies of 177Lu‐ibandronate

The purposes of this study were as follows: (1) to radiolabel ibandronic acid (IBA, a third‐generation bisphosphonate) with ¹⁷⁷Lu, investigating optimal labeling conditions, and (2) to analyze biodistribution and imaging properties of intravenous ¹⁷⁷Lu‐ibandronate (¹⁷⁷Lu‐IBA) administered in animals. ¹⁷⁷Lu‐labeled methylene diphosphonate (¹⁷⁷Lu‐MDP) served as a comparator agent. Differing proportions of IBA solution and ¹⁷⁷LuCl₃ solution were combined to determine an optimal ratio for radiolabeling purposes, varying pH, temperature, and time to establish ideal reactivity conditions. Radiochemical purity of the labeled compounds was then assessed by paper chromatography. In vitro and in vivo stabilities were also measured at specific time intervals. In Kunming mice, biodistributions of ¹⁷⁷Lu‐IBA and ¹⁷⁷Lu‐MDP and respective agent activities in various organs were monitored by gamma counter, and we performed single photon computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) imaging of ¹⁷⁷Lu‐IBA in normal New Zealand White rabbits. Radiolabeling yields for ¹⁷⁷Lu‐IBA proved to be >97% within 30 minutes at 90°C, and its radiochemical purity ensured stability in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we found that ¹⁷⁷Lu‐IBA is readily soluble in water, showing higher skeletal uptake than ¹⁷⁷Lu‐MDP but lower uptake by liver and spleen. The image quality of ¹⁷⁷Lu‐IBA was so clear that even after 6 days, analysis was still feasible.