Clinical and epidemiological aspects of respiratory syncytial virus lower respiratory tract infections

This paper has analyzed respiratory syncytial virus lower respiratory tract infections in 201 hospitalized children. In children with wheezing, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) was significantly higher in those with pneumonia than with syndroma pertussis, while the white blood cell (WBC) count was significantly lower in patients with bronchitis than in those with bronchiolitis and syndroma pertussis. Bronchodilatators were applied in 75.6% and corticosteroids in 20% of patients. Ten patients were ventilated. Fatal disease outcome was observed in one infant. Twelve consecutive-year study of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections showed that 27.3% of these diseases were bronchiolitis and pneumonia.     

优立新与西力欣序贯疗法治疗下呼吸道感染的对照研究

本试验旨在评价优立新序贯疗法治疗下呼吸道感染的临床疗效和安全性。西力欣作为对照。入选病例６１例,其中试验组（优立新）３１例,对照组（西力欣）３０例。给药方法采用静脉注射随后口服给药的序贯疗法：静脉注射优立新３～１２ｇ／天,连续 ３～７天,继之口服舒他西林３７５ｍｇ～７５０ｍｇ,每天２次,连续５～７天;静脉注射西力欣３～６ｇ／天,继之口服新菌灵２５０ｇ～５００ｇ,每天 ２次,疗程相同。结果试验组和对照组的临床有效率分别为８０．６％（２５／３１）和９０％（２７／３０）。６１例患者共分离出致病菌４１株。治疗结束后两组的细菌清除率分别为 ８２．１４％（２３／２８）和 ６９．２３％（９／１３）,毒副作用反应发生率分别为 ６．４５％和３． ３３％。上述结果经统计学处理无显著性差异。无病者因毒副作用而退出试验。     

Z-350, a new chimera compound possessing α1-adrenoceptor antagonistic and steroid 5α-reductase inhibitory actions

The effects of Z-350, (S)-4-[3-(4-{1-(4-methylphenyl)-3-[4-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazine-1-yl]propoxy} benzoyl)indole-1-yl]butyric acid hydrochloride, a newly synthesized compound possessing α₁-adrenoceptor antagonistic and steroid 5α-reductase inhibitory actions, were studied in vitro. In functional experiments, Z-350 shifted the concentration/response curve for the phenylephrine-induced contraction of rabbit prostate, urethra and aorta to the right with pA₂ values of 8.04, 7.57 and 7.13, respectively. The binding affinity of Z-350 for α₁-adrenoceptors in rabbit prostate, urethra and aorta were estimated by the displacement of [³H]prazosin. The pK _i values for this action of Z-350 were 7.53, 7.95 and 7.62 for the prostate, urethra and aorta, respectively. α₁-Adrenoceptor subtype selectivities were studied in the submaxillary gland (α_1A) and liver (α_1B) of rat. Z-350 inhibited the specific binding of [³H]prazosin to α_1A and α_1B-adrenoceptors with pK _i values of 7.82 and 7.29, respectively. Z-350 inhibited rat prostatic steroid 5α-reductase non-competitively with a pIC₅₀ of 8.42. These results indicate that Z-350 is a α₁-adrenoceptor antagonist and is a steroid 5α-reductase inhibitor. It is expected that Z-350 will be a candidate drug for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Received: 26 January 1999 / Accepted: 2 March 1999     

Differential cardiorespiratory response to combined exercise with different combinations of forearm and calf exercise

The purpose of this study was to examine whether cardiorespiratory responses to combined rhythmic exercise (60 contractions · min^–1) was affected by different combinations of upper and lower limb exercise in seven healthy women. Six different rhythmic exercises were compared: 6-min rhythmic handgrip at 10% of isometric maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) (H10); 6-min rhythmic plantar flexion at 10% MVC (P10); exhausting rhythmic handgrip at 50% MVC (H50); exhausting rhythmic plantar flexion at 50% MVC (P50); H50 was added to P10 (P1OH50); and P50 was added to H10 (H10P50). Exercise duration, after handgrip was combined with plantar flexion (P10H50), was shorter than that of H50, although the exercise duration of HIOP50 was not significantly different from P50. No significant difference was found between the difference from rest in oxygen uptake ( O₂) during H10P50 and the sum of O₂ during H10 and P50. Also, the differences from rest in forearm blood flow ( FBF) and calf blood flow ( CBF) during H10P50 were not significantly different from FBF in H10 and from CBF in P50. In contrast, O₂ in P10H50 was lower than the sum of O₂ in P10 and H50 (P < 0.05), and J FBF in P10H50 was lower than that in H50 (P < 0.05) , while CBF was not significantly different between P1OH50 and P10. The changes in heart rate from rest (d HR) during the combined exercises were lower than the sums of HR in the corresponding single exercises (P < 0.05). These results demonstrated an inhibitory summation of several cardiorespiratory responses to combined exercise resulting in a reduction in exercise performance which would seem to occur easily when upperlimb exercise is added to lower limb exercise.     

子宫下段剖宫产不缝合腹膜168例临床分析

目的：探讨子宫下段剖宫产术不缝合腹膜对手术后效果影响。方法：对2000年7月～2001年7月在我院行改良式腹壁横切口子宫下段剖宫产168例，分成缝合腹膜组与不缝合腹膜组，在手术时间、术后镇痛药使用、肛门排气时间、术后发热、术后切口愈合方面进行观察和总结。结果：不缝合腹膜组在手术后发热，腹壁切口延期愈合方面与缝合腹膜组差异无显著性，在手术时间、术后肛门排气时间、术后镇痛药使用上比缝合腹膜组少。结论：施行子宫下段剖宫产，不缝合腹膜具有手术时间短、术后排气早、疼痛轻等优点，不会增加腹腔脏器粘连。     

橡皮生肌膏与重组人表皮生长因子治疗下肢慢性溃疡的疗效及费用-效果分析

目的：观察分析重组人表皮生长因子(rhEGF，金因肽)与橡皮生肌膏治疗四肢慢性溃疡的疗效及相关费用效果分析。方法：慢性四肢溃疡患者87例随机分为两组，rhEGF组采用局喷方法，对照组橡皮生肌膏采用局涂方法，观察溃疡面的分泌物，面积变化，及其相关的费用效果分析。结果：两组间疗效结果无统计学意义，组间费用效果分析差异有统计学意义。结论：rhEGF与橡皮生肌膏治疗四肢慢性溃疡具有基本相同的疗效，但是橡皮生肌膏更为经济实惠。     

乳腺癌根治术加放射治疗后上肢并发症的临床分析

目的了解乳腺癌根治手术加放射治疗患者上肢并发症的发病情况及其影响因素。方法对于接受根治或改良根治术后加放射治疗且放射治疗后已超过1年(中位数2.8年)的74例乳腺癌患者,从症状和体征两个方面进行了观测,并应用多因素回归分析相关的发病因素。结果患者上肢水肿的发生率在症状和体征检查中均约为50%,肩关节功能下降分别为49%和58%,患者年龄和全腋窝照射是发生上肢水肿与肩关节运动障碍的独立影响因素。结论上肢水肿和肩关节运动障碍是乳腺癌根治性手术加放射治疗后较常见的并发症,腋窝处理中减少正常组织的损伤以预防或降低其发生率,应该予以高度重视。     

血栓闭塞性脉管炎病人血清中红细胞免疫调节因子的研究

为了探讨血栓闭塞性脉管炎病人血清中红细胞免疫调节因子对红细胞免疫功能的影响，测定了３０例ＴＡＯ病人红细胞免疫附促进因子花环率和红细胞免疫粘附抑制因子花环率。结果表显示：ＴＡＯ组ＲＦＥＲＲ明显降低，ＲＦＩＲＲ明显为高，与对照组比较有显著差异。     

9312的解酒和降低体温作用的研究

３１２的醇提液对小鼠经口的ＬＤ５０为５２．１１ｇ／ｋｇ，对家兔有明显降低体温的作用；它的水浸液对小鼠有解酒作用     

红参对家兔高血压性视网膜动脉硬化预防作用的光镜观察

目的:观察红参对视网膜、肾、脾动脉硬化的预防作用。方法:分3组观察家兔眼底血管病变反映全身小动脉硬化的程度。A 组为正常对照组,B 组为高血压模型组,均喂普通饲料,C 组为高血压模型组喂红参2g/d。(1)制作高血压动物模型;(2)观察视网膜、肾、脾血管在光学显微镜下的改变。结果:A 组视网膜、肾脏、脾脏血管形态和组织结构正常,B 组小动脉壁呈均质玻璃样变性,C 组血管结构基本正常。结论:红参对高血压性视网膜动脉硬化有预防作用。