青年期大肠癌nm23/NDPK蛋白的表达及意义(附30例报告)

采用免疫组织化学S -P方法检测 30例青年期大肠癌癌组织中nm2 3 -H1基因产物 /核苷二磷酸激酶 (nm 2 3/NDPK )的表达。结果青年期大肠癌nm2 3/NDPK表达阳性率为 6 3 .33 % ,在组织分化低、原发灶浸润程度 (T3、T4 )、淋巴结及远处转移 ,DukesC、D期和血清CEA阳性的大肠癌中表达明显减低 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,与其他生物学指标无关 (P >0 .0 5 )。提示青年期大肠癌组织学类型 ,浸润转移程度与nm 2 3/NDPK蛋白的表达有密切相关 ,其有助于对青年期大肠癌生物学特性的进一步了解及对病人预后的判断     

The development of a small bowel volvulus in the early postoperative period following a distal gastrectomy: Report of a case

A 51-year-old Japanese man who underwent a standard distal gastrectomy for cancer of the stomach developed abdominal pain when oral intake was commenced on the 6th postoperative day after an uneventful postoperative course. Complete obstruction of the jejunum led to a sudden deterioration in his general condition and a laparotomy was performed, revealing counterclockwise rotation of the mesenterium. The necrotic portion of the small intestine was removed, while 10 cm of the upper jejunum and 100 cm of the terminal ileum were preserved. His second postoperative course was uneventful apart from the development of intestinal hurry, which is now under medical control 9 months after his second laparotomy.     

Immunolocalization of CD1d in human intestinal epithelial cells and identification of a beta2-microglobulin-associated form

In order to better understand the role of intestinal CD1d, we sought to define the cellular localization and further characterize the biochemical structure of CD1d in human intestinal epithelial cells (IEC). Using a CD1d-specific rabbit anti-gst-CD1d antibody, immunoprecipitation of radiolabeled cell surface proteins detected a previously identified 37 kDa protein as well as a 48-50 kDa protein which were confirmed by Western blotting with a CD1d-specific mAb, D5. Immunoprecipitation of protein lysates with the CD1d-specific mAb, D5 and 51.1.3, and the beta2-microglobulin (beta2m)-specific mAb, BBM.1, followed by N-glycanase digestion and Western blotting with the D5 mAb showed that the 48-50 kDa protein was a beta2m-associated, CD1d glycoprotein. CD1d was immunolocalized to the apical and lateral regions of native small and large intestinal IEC as defined by confocal laser microscopy using the D5 mAb and the rabbit anti-gst-CD1d antibody. In addition, a large apical intracellular pool of CD1d was identified. Identical observations were made with polarized T84 cells. Selective biotin labeling of apical and basolateral cell surfaces followed by immunoprecipitation with the D5 mAb, N-glycanase digestion and avidin blotting confirmed the presence of glycosylated CD1d on both cell surfaces and immunolocalization of the 37 kDa non-glycosylated form of CD1d to the apical cell surface. These studies show that CD1d is located in an ideal position for luminal antigen sampling and presentation to subjacent intraepithelial lymphocytes.     

大肠癌和腺瘤细胞凋亡的特征和意义

目的　观察大肠癌和腺瘤组织细胞凋亡的特征,探讨细胞凋亡和增殖在大肠癌和腺瘤组织中的意义。方法　采用脱氧核糖核酸末端转移酶介导的ｄＵＴＰ缺口末端标记（ＴＵＮＥＬ）法检测凋亡细胞,以凋亡细胞百分率作为凋亡指数（Ａｐｏｐｔｉｃｉｎｄｅｘ,ＡＩ）对１５例大肠癌、１０例腺瘤、５例正常大肠粘膜进行凋亡细胞原位观察。结果　ＴＵＮＥＬ阳性物质位于细胞核内,常聚集于核膜附近,呈新月状和块状。大肠正常粘膜ＴＵＮＥＬ阳性细胞全部位于表层上皮中,数量很少（ＡＩ＝１．７４±１．０１）,腺瘤组织中ＴＵＮＥＬ阳性细胞相对较多（ＡＩ＝３３．４６±１１．３９）,大肠癌组织ＴＵＮＥＬ阳性细胞散在分布,与腺瘤相比数量明显减少（ＡＩ＝１１．０８±４．２７）（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结合增殖细胞核抗原（ＰＣＮＡ）实验结果可见,腺瘤组织中ＡＩ,ＰＩ（ＰＩ＝２７．２４±７．６６）均高,而大肠癌组织中则以细胞增殖（ＰＩ＝５４．１８±１０．４１）占优势。结论　大肠肿瘤癌变过程中不仅存在活跃的细胞增殖,而且有大量的细胞凋亡,因而增加了粘膜上皮的不稳定性,高的增殖能力通过选择而占优势,从而导致癌变的发生。     

试析大型综合医院在社区医疗服务中的作用

根据国家城市卫生服务体系改革的原则及对基层医院和大医院的功能定位,分析大型综合医院在社区医疗服务中的作用。指出大型综合医院应加强与城市基层医院的联系,建立全科医生培训基地,为社区医疗服务输送适用人才,建立切实可行的转诊制度,成为社区医疗服务的坚强后盾,提高社区医疗服务的质量和水平,促进社区医疗服务的发展。     

Dependence of 5-HT and catecholamine synthesis on concentrations of precursor amino-acids in rat brain

Summary The short-term influence of varying concentrations of the precursors tryptophan and tyrosine on the formation of 5-hydroxytryptophan and Dopa, respectively, in three different rat-brain regions was investigated. The concentrations of the precursors were either increased by the intraperitoneal administration of the respective precursor or decreased by loading with large neutral amino acids competing with the precursors for the same carrier mechanisms.The formation of 5-hydroxytryptophan was found to depend on the level of tryptophan in the brain in a manner predicted from published kinetic data, except when large doses of non-precursor amino acids had been given (>300 mg/kg). In the latter case the hydroxylation of tryptophan was less rapid than expected. The apparent K _m of tryptophan hydroxylase calculated from these data was about 25 M, which is in reasonably good agreement with earlier published in-vitro and in-vivo data.The formation of Dopa likewise depended on the level of the precursor tyrosine in a predictable manner, in this case without any anomalous results after large doses of non-precursor amino acids. The apparent K _m of tyrosine hydroxylase was calculated from these invivo observations to be about 25 M, which is in fairly close agreement with published in-vitro data.It is concluded that under normal conditions tryptophan hydroxylase in the rat brain is about half-saturated with its amino-acid substrate, whereas tyrosine hydroxylase appears to be about 75% saturated.     

pD2-, pA2- and pD2'-values of a series of compounds in a histaminic and a cholinergic system.

(1) Affinity and intrinsic activity values of 75 compounds for a histaminergic and a cholinergic system are presented. The quantitative correlations between the affinity values of 35 compounds and some physicochemical constants (Van der Waals volume, lipophilicity, number of hydrogen atoms on the protonated amine) are discussed. (2) Absence of systematic differences between pD2 and pA2 of partial agonists supports the assumption that these values are equivalent expressions of the same affinity. (3) The "mimetic moiety" in a number of the antihistaminic test compounds hardly contributes to their affinity. The affinity mainly depends on an interaction tendency with additional receptor areas. (4) The correlation between pA2 and pD2' of the whole series of compounds in the histaminergic system is artificial. The method only allows determination of both values if their ratio lies between certain limits. (5) The correlation between pA2 and pD2' for 16 closely related compounds in the guinea pig ileum and for nearly all compounds in the rat intestine has to be explained by an influence of the structural differences on drug transference and/or the less specific binding forces. (6) The metactoid receptors in the two systems are different structures. (7) Possible molecular modifications to maximize the separation of antihistaminic form cholinergic affinity are suggested.     

内抑素(endostatin)对移植大肠癌新生血管密度影响的动物实验研究

目的：探讨内皮细胞生长抑素（内抑素endostatin）对裸鼠大肠血管生成的影响及其作用机理，为endostatin的临床应用提供理论依据。方法：采用免疫组化方法检测肿瘤新生血管密度，对用药过程中瘤 体积进行测量，对endostatin抑制肿瘤的效果进行分析。结果：endostatin能够抑制裸鼠大肠癌肿瘤血管生成，减轻肿瘤的血管密度。结论：endostatin通过抑制血管形成抑制肿瘤的生长。     

关于大方治疗疑难病的思考

本文就应用大方治疗疑难病的必要性作初步探讨。认为疑难病的病因、病机、病情复杂，主要矛盾和次要矛盾处于不断的变化中，当次要矛盾的地位上升到一定程度时，应用小方难以达到最佳疗效，而应用大方却能取得理想的疗效。这是因为大方可以从不同的点面发挥作用，在抓主要矛盾的同时，更重视兼顾次要矛盾，最终使疾病得以缓解。     

用声轨迹标定大肠经体表线路研究的新进展

目前我们又进一步提高了检测技术，首次具备了准确标定经络体表线路的手段，对大肠经检测的结果，有四点新发现：①发现三间至阳溪段线路的双线并行线路，由三间分支到阳溪相合；②发现巨骨到天鼎段线路，是由巨骨分为前后二支。前支经缺盆到天鼎，后支由巨骨交会秉风、大椎，绕颈到天鼎与前支会合；③发现扶突到迎香段线路，是由扶突直上，到下颌角前约１．０ｃｍ上行，呈弧形弯曲到对侧，经对侧禾到对侧迎香；④发现肺经与大肠经的衔接是由列缺到阳溪与大肠经衔接。