Assessment of patellar maltracking using combined static and dynamic MRI

Between January 1995 and Jul 1997, 474 patients with anterior knee pain resistant to conservative treatment were referred for MR of the knee. The MR examination consisted of routine sequences with an additional patellofemoral dynamic examination using a technique that has been developed at this institution. The dynamic study examines both knees simultaneously, with the patient supine and the quadriceps loaded. No gating or restraint apparatus is needed. Patellar subluxation or tilt was present in 188(40 %) of cases, bilateral in 104 and unilateral in 84 cases (right 39, left 45). It was classified as mild in 51 %, moderate in 39 % and severe in 10 %. Subluxation was more prevalent in females than males (42 % vs. 37 %) and this was most obvious in the severe group where 68 % were female. In 90 knees selected at random, four measurements of patellofemoral morphology were obtained using reconstructed images from a volume gradient echo sequence. These measurements were correlated with the degree of subluxation or tilt. A tibial tubercle distance greater than 20 mm, a femoral sulcus angle greater than 150 degrees, sulcus depth less than 4 mm were specific for subluxation but no measurement proved to be sufficiently sensitive to preclude a tracking study. MRI can be used to define more precisely the anatomy of the extensor mechanism and its relationship to the femur and tibia, in both a static and dynamic setting. In this way, patients with anterior knee pain can be classified more accurately and the outcomes of treatment more reliably assessed. Received: 17 September 1999; Revised: 31 January 2000; Accepted: 4 February 2000     

补骨方治疗膝骨性关节炎的疗效观察

目的　探讨应用补骨方治疗膝骨关节炎的疗效。方法　临床应用补骨方和芬必得治疗老年性膝骨性关节炎 6 0例 4周 ,并比较随访疗效。结果　治疗后两组患者症状平均分值、日常活动功能障碍平均分值和总评分平均分值较治疗后显著升高 ,膝关节临床症状明显减轻 ,关节功能显著改善 ,比较具有显著性差别 (P <0 0 1)。经统计学处理 ,两组膝关节日常生活活动评分治疗前后。两组临床资料没有显著差异 (P >0 0 5 ) ,具可比性。结论　补骨方能明显改善膝骨关节炎患者的临床症状和关节功能。     

银杏叶提取物对白介素-1β损伤关节软骨细胞一氧化氮体系的影响

目的:观察银杏叶提取物对白介素-1β损伤的关节软骨细胞的作用及对细胞内一氧化氮体系的影响。方法:在无菌环境下消化得到3月龄雌性新西兰白兔膝关节软骨细胞,实验用细胞为第2代软骨细胞。软骨细胞与IL-1β(5μg/L)、IL-1β(5μg/L)+地塞米松(10-7、10-6、10-5mmol/L)、IL-1β(5μg/L)+银杏叶提取物(40mg、80mg、160mg/L)共同孵育,分别在72h后MTT法检测软骨细胞的增殖受到的影响;24h后测定受损伤软骨细胞培养液中的NOi、NOS,逆转录扩增(RT-PCR)检测iNOSmRNA。结果:MTT法显示IL-1β对软骨细胞的增殖有明显的抑制作用;地塞米松同银杏叶提取物均有对抗IL-1β的效应;地塞米松和EGb均能显著减少iNOSmRNAi、NOS、NO的生成(P<0.01);EGb761的这种效应有剂量依赖性。结论:银杏叶提取物通过抑制软骨细胞内的NO生成以保护IL-1β损伤的膝关节软骨细胞。     

无痛化脓灸治疗膝关节骨性关节炎疗效观察

目的:观察无痛化脓灸治疗膝关节骨性关节炎的临床疗效,探索一种新疗法。方法:在患者膝关节附近最佳灸位上施无痛化脓灸治疗34例膝关节骨性关节炎患者,采用国际公认的膝关节功能评分表(百分法),对病人治疗前后疼痛、步行、关节屈曲动度、不稳定感、肿胀、上下楼梯和绞锁进行计分以评价治疗效果。结果:治愈10例,显效14例,有效9例,无效1例,总有效率为97.06%。结论:无痛化脓灸疗法治疗膝关节骨性关节炎疗效明显,值得推广应用。     

痹祺胶囊对兔骨关节炎软骨代谢的作用研究

目的：观察痹祺胶囊对骨关节炎软骨代谢的作用。方法：以Hulth法复制兔膝骨关节炎模型,对软骨组织行Mankin标准评分,设置空白组、假手术组,观测各组兔血清及尿液的羟脯氨酸含量,并设痹祺胶囊低、中、高浓度组及西药组以了解其疗效。结果：各治疗组间Mankin标准评分水平无差异,痹祺胶囊各剂量组血清、尿羟脯氨酸含量与模型组比较差异均有显著意义（P〈0.05）。结论：痹祺胶囊可通过促进骨修复或抑制软骨破坏而减低兔骨关节炎模型体内羟脯氨酸含量,对骨关节炎软骨代谢有明确的改善作用。     

Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine: Current Controversies for Treatment of Meniscus Root Tears

Purpose of ReviewThe role of the meniscus in preserving the biomechanical function of the knee joint has been clearly defined. The hypothesis that meniscus root integrity is a prerequisite for meniscus function is supported by the development of progressive knee osteoarthritis (OA) following meniscus root tears (MRTs) treated either non-operatively or with meniscectomy. Consequently, there has been a resurgence of interest in the diagnosis and treatment of MRTs. This review examines the contemporary literature surrounding the natural history, clinical presentation, evaluation, preferred surgical repair technique and outcomes.Recent FindingsSurgeons must have a high index of suspicion in order to diagnose a MRT because of the nonspecific clinical presentation and difficult visualization on imaging. Compared with medial MRTs that commonly occur in middle age/older patients, lateral meniscus root injuries tend to occur in younger males with lower BMIs, less cartilage degeneration, and with concomitant ligament injury. Subchondral insufficiency fractures of the knee have been found to be associated with both MRTs and following arthroscopic procedures. Meniscus root repair has demonstrated good outcomes, and acute injuries with intact cartilage should be repaired. Cartilage degeneration, BMI, and malalignment are important considerations when choosing surgical candidates. Meniscus centralization has emerged as a viable adjunct strategy aimed at correcting meniscus extrusion.SummaryMeniscus root repair results in a decreased rate of OA and arthroplasty and is economically advantageous when compared with nonoperative treatment and partial meniscectomy. The transtibial pull-through technique with the addition of centralization for the medial meniscus is associated with encouraging early results.     

关节镜辅助复位内固定与切开复位内固定治疗胫骨平台骨折的疗效比较

目的:比较关节镜辅助复位内固定（ARIF）和切开复位内固定（ORIF）治疗胫骨平台骨折的疗效。方法:回顾性分析2016年1月至2018年8月华中科技大学附属协和医院骨科收治的75例胫骨平台骨折患者的资料。男58例,女17例;年龄20~54岁,平均47岁。左侧42例,右侧33例。骨折根据Schatzker分型：Ⅰ型23例...     

丹参和透明质酸钠注射液对骨性关节炎治疗作用的实验研究

采取家兔膝关节制动方法建立骨性关节炎动物模型，用丹参注射液和透明质酸钠注射液关节腔内注射进行治疗，分别在制动后3、6、9周测量关节活动度，取关节软骨制成标本经光镜和透射电镜观察。结果显示，与单纯制动组比较，丹参治疗组和透明质酸钠治疗组的关节活动度明显改善，关节病变出现晚，程度轻，以早期最明显。表明丹参和透明质酸钠具有延缓和减轻关节退变的作用，对骨性关节炎早期有一定的治疗作用。     

胫骨干骨折髓内钉治疗术后膝关节痛的临床观察

目的通过对胫骨干骨折髓内钉内固定治疗后膝关节痛的临床观察,探讨膝关节痛的发生和病因。方法回顾研究1996年5月～2006年4月应用交锁髓内钉内固定治疗胫骨干骨折685例,所有病例在骨折愈合后均有1次以上的随访,平均随访时间为24.2个月。结果共有165例术后发生膝关节痛,经髌韧带入路组膝关节痛发生率为34.5%,髌韧带内侧入路组为14.6%,两组有显著性差异。结论髌韧带旁入路能减少胫骨干骨折髓内钉治疗术后膝关节痛的发生,建议使用髌韧带周围入路,髓内钉固定后膝关节痛的原因尚需进一步研究。     

三维重建结合3D打印技术在辅助复杂胫骨平台骨折手术中的应用研究

目的：观察在复杂胫骨平台骨折手术治疗中使用三维重建结合3D打印技术的治疗效果。方法：选取2017年3月—2019年10月在廉江市人民医院接受复杂胫骨平台骨折手术的72例患者,按照随机分组法分为对照组与观察组,各36例。对照组应用常规手术治疗法,观察组应用三维重建结合3D打印技术。观察两组临床指标、膝关节功能及运动功能、并发症发生率。结果：治疗前,两组膝关节功能及运动功能评分对比无显著差异（P> 0.05）;治疗后,观察组术中出血量、术中透视次数少于对照组,手术时间、住院时间及骨折愈合时间短于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P <0.05）。治疗后,观察组膝关节功能及运动功能评分均显著高于对照组（P <0.05）。观察组并发症发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P <0.05）。结论：在复杂胫骨平面骨折手术治疗中使用三维重建结合3D打印技术,有助于优化患者的手术指标,提升膝关节功能及运动功能,降低并发症发生率,手术效果显著。