温阳健心灵口服液治疗充血性心力衰竭的临床与实验研究

以煎剂形成筛选治疗CHF的处方，发现温阳益气方改善泵血功能的效果优于单纯益气和养阴益气的处方。根据前方制备的温阳健心灵口服液保持了原煎剂的疗效，并被毒理学试验证明毒性极低。动物药效学及临床试验发现该药不仅能改善心衰犬和病人的左室收缩功能，还能改善其舒张功能。除此，它还具有利尿作用和使PAWA、SVR和PVR下降的作用，这也是它抗心衰的机理之一。90例的临床观察（疗程2周）表明该药总有效率、近期治愈率和显效率分别达88．9％、7．4％和18．5％，其效与开搏通组无明显差异。     

Effect of environmental and clinical factors on lung function and respiratory symptoms in adolescents with α1-antitrypsin deficiency

Individuals identified in the Swedish neonatal α₁-antitrypsin (AAT) screening study were followed prospectively from their first to their eighteenth year of life. The aim of this study was to analyse the effect of environmental factors, i.e. active and passive smoking, and of clinical factors on lung function and the occurrence of respiratory symptoms in AAT-deficient adolescents. The study group consisted of 88 protease inhibitor (Pi)ZZ and 40 PiSZ adolescents. Medical history including respiratory symptoms, and active and passive smoking were recorded at each follow-up up to the age of 18 y. Lung function tests were performed at the present check-up. At the age of 18 y, both forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV₁) and FEV₁/vital capacity (VC) were significantly lower in the smoking than in the non-smoking subgroup, and significantly more smokers than non-smokers reported the presence of phlegm. The mean FEV₁/VC ratio was lower for those presently exposed to parental smoking. Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that clinical liver disease in early life, active smoking and parental smoking were independent determinants of FEV₁/VC. The results suggest that marginal deviations in lung function and the symptom of phlegm among AAT-deficient adolescents occur characteristically early in the subgroup of smokers. Parental smoking may contribute to decreased lung function     

Combination of ABO blood group incompatibility and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency: effect on hemolysis and neonatal hyperbilirubinemia

The incidence (%) of hyperbilirubinemia (serum bilirubin ≥257 μmol/l) was similar in neonates with a combination of ABO incompatibility and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) deficiency (45%), with ABO incompatibility (54%) or G-6-PD deficiency (37%), alone (ns). Carboxyhemoglobin values, corrected for inspired CO, were similarly elevated in all three groups (0.87 ± 0.32%, 0.82 ± 0.29%, 0.76 ± 0.18%, respectively, ns), but correlated with bilirubin only in those with ABO incompatibility alone. ABO-incompatible/G-6-PD-deficient neonates, compared with those with either condition alone, are not at increased risk for hemolysis or hyperbilirubinemia.     

Expression of a 10.5 kDa inhibin in the endometrium of bonnet monkey on treatment with an antiprogestin ZK 98.299: An immunocytochemical study

Immunocytochemical localization of inhibin was carried out in paraffin embedded tissue sections of the control and antiprogestin (ZK 98.299)-treated bonnet monkey endometrium using polyclonal antibodies generated against human seminal plasma inhibin (10.5 kDa). The study shows that administration of low doses (5 mg/ week) of antiprogestin results in an increase in the expression of inhibin by the endometrium. Treatment with higher doses (20 mg/week) caused a decrease in the expression. Since treatment with higher doses also caused atropic changes in the endometrium, the decrease in inhibin could be the result of morphological damage to the endometrium rather than the effects of antiprogestin on the expression of inhibin. The potential involvement of endometrial inhibin in the process of nidation is speculated.     

Angiogenesis and the blood-brain barrier in intracerebral solid and cell suspension grafts

Solid and suspension grafts of fetal central nervous system (CNS) tissue rapidly reform an intact blood-brain barrier (BBB), whereas solid grafts of peripheral nervous system (PNS) tissue fail to establish a BBB as detected by horseradish peroxide (HRP) leakage, administrated intravenously. We examined the acute changes in the BBB after grafting of fetal CNS tissue in solid and suspension form and superior cervical ganglion (SCG) and PNS tissue in the same manner. Adult rats (n = 20) received fetal (day 14–15) forebrain grafts (either solid or cell suspension) to their rostral corpus callosum bilaterally. A second group (n = 20) received SCG solid and cell suspension grafts at the same coordinates with the same technique. The animals were killed on first, third, seventh, and tenth days after grafting. Intravenous HRP (Sigma, type VI, 75 mg/5-g rat) was given 1 hour before perfusion with mixed aldehydes. Fifty-micron coronal sections were examined for the presence and location of the graft by cresyl violet and AChE staining and Mesulam's TMB method to detect HRP leakage. HRP leakage was detected in the parenchyma in all groups on the first and the third days post-transplantation indicating a disrupted BBB. No HRP reaction was seen at days 7 and 10 in groups receiving fetal forebrain tissue whether solid or cell suspension. Solid grafts of SCG consistently demonstrated HRP leakage from the first through the tenth day. However, cell suspension of SCG established a BBB by 7 days. These results suggest that within the solid grafts of CNS and PNS tissue, the permeability of the vessels is dictated by the transplanted tissue itself. When cell suspensions of the same tissue are introduced, host CNS tissue dominates as the local environment resulting in non-leaky vasculature within the graft.     

Safety of virus inactivated antithrombin III concentrate ANTITHROMBIN III IMMUNO (AT III)

In a prospective clinical trial the risk of infection after application of virus inactivated antithrombin III concentrate ANTITHROMBIN III IMMUNO (AT III) was investigated in patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery. The study was conducted according to the recommendations of the International Committee on Thrombosis and Hemostasis (ICTH), with the exception that most patients required additional blood products as well as AT III.

Twenty-seven patients were eligible to test for the risk of acquiring hepatitis B. Twenty-six patients could be evaluated in terms of hepatitis NANB transmission considering ALT-levels whereas 20 patients could be tested for anti-HCV one year after surgery. Samples from 78 patients could be monitored for anti-HIV-1. None of these patients showed any signs of infection. AT III IMMUNO seems to be an antithrombin III concentrate with low or absent infectivity.     

Malnutrition and subsequent ischemic heart disease in former prisoners of war of world war II and the Korean conflict

The harsh treatment of former prisoners of war (POWs) of World War II and the Korean conflict resulted in severe malnutrition. Although rarely linked to specific long-term medical problems, a specific marker of malnutrition, self-reported lower limb edema (presumably due to a vitamin B deficiency) was associated with a three-fold increase in subsequent death attributed to ischemic heart disease (IHD) during the follow-up period from 1967 through 1975. Although there is at present no medical basis for linking edema, which is perhaps a marker for some unmeasured risk factor, to subsequent IHD, this finding may nonetheless have medical implications for the group of former POWs and other populations with severe dietary deficiency. It also suggests there may be a need to reexamine currently held theories on malnutrition and subsequent chronic disease.     

A method for partitioning cancer mortality trends by factors associated with diagnosis: An application to female breat cancer

U.S. cancer mortality data derived from information recorded on death certificates are frequently relied upon as an indicator of progress against cancer. A limitation of this measure is the lack of information pertaining to the onset of disease, such as year-of-diagnosis, age-at-diagnosis, stage of disease at diagnosis and histology of lesions. However, population-based cancer registries collect these types of data and allow the calculation of an incidence-file based mortality rate. This incidence-based mortality rate allows a partitioning of mortality by variables associated with the cancer onset. Breast cancer incidence-based mortality measures are created and compared to mortality rates based on death certificates over a comparable time period. Novel mortality measures, such as mortality rates by stage-at-diagnosis, age-at-diagnosis and year-of-diagnosis, are used to illustrate the value of this approach.