手术室医院感染危险因素的防范与控制对策研究

目的讨论手术室医院感染的危险因素和质量控制效果。方法将359例手术病例随机分为两组,观察组196例接受全面质控护理措施,对照组163例接受随机常规护理,分别分析比较两组,在同样灭菌条件下的手术器械、物品的清洁、消毒和灭菌、在同等的侵入性操作、在同组医护人员配合的条件下,统计手术室医院感染率,统计分析。结果经过全面质控护理的观察组明显优于接受随机常规护理的对照组。结论手术室医院感染与手术室空气清洁度和手卫生有密切关系,会直接影响到手术室医院感染率。     

颞中筋膜游离移植鱼尾纹祛除术

目的：评价颞中筋膜游离移植术在祛除鱼尾纹中的效果。方法根据颞部鱼尾纹的范围大小切取相应面积的颞中筋膜，游离移植入颞部鱼尾纹区域。结果使用颞中筋膜游离移植术可使眼轮匝肌收缩所产生的鱼尾纹最大限度的消失，随访5年无复发。结论在鱼尾纹祛除术中游离颞中筋膜移植于颞部鱼尾纹区域，能够达到祛除鱼尾纹的目的，术后效果满意、持久。     

VISUALIZING NEURONAL STRUCTURES IN THE HUMAN BRAIN VIA DIFFUSION TENSOR MRI

Acquisition, analysis, and visualization of diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging (DT-MRI) is still an evolving technology. This article reviews the fundamentals of the data acquisition process and the pipeline leading to visual results that are interpretable by physicians in their clinical practice. The limitations of common approaches for visualizing the retrieved data are discussed and a new statistical method is presented to assess the reliability of the acquired tensor field. A novel visualization method is proposed which is discussed in light of neurophysiological considerations of the perception of colored patterns. It is argued that this method is more accurate for medical data while providing a nearly optimal visual stimulus. The method is evaluated on a patient study with a brain tumor.     

南京铁路游泳馆卫生状况调查

目的调查南京铁路游泳馆卫生状况,探讨游泳馆卫生管理措施。方法游泳馆2010-2012年卫生监测资料:游泳馆水质及微小气候。采用统一调查表进行调查游泳者自觉症状、游泳馆卫生管理情况调查。结果 (1)游泳馆微小气候达标率较高,基本符合国家卫生标准;(2)尿素严重超标,给游泳者健康造成潜在的危害;(3)游离性余氯合格率偏低,游泳者随着游泳时间的延长自感异常症状者普遍增多(x2=101.81,p<0.01);(4)管理力度不够,消毒质量把关不严,无专业消毒剂配置设施及专业保健人员等。结论加强领导,健全组织,全方位监控游泳馆水质,为游泳者提供舒适、卫生的游泳环境。     

中西医治疗复发性口腔溃疡观察

目的总结治疗复发性口腔溃疡的最有效方法。方法对30例门诊患者，运用叶1药，针对病因，病机进行辩证施治，并配硫酸铝糊剂，以提高机体免疫力进行综合治疗。结果30例患者通过治疗，有效率达96．6％，20天内久治不愈的121腔溃疡治愈。结论复发性口腔溃疡患者，应及时采用中西医结合治疗，疗效显著，不易复发。     

妊娠合并甲状腺机能亢进255例临床分析

目的探讨妊娠合并甲状腺机能亢进患者的围产期发病率,药物治疗剂量及规范治疗后的母婴结局。方法收集我院1995年1月～2007年12月的妊娠合并甲亢患者的临床资料255例,分为控制组153例,未控制组102例,选择同期正常妊娠315例作为对照组,控制组均在我院产科高危门诊定期产前保健,每1～1.5月监测FT4,FT3,调整抗甲状腺药物（ATD）的剂量。对妊娠合并甲亢的发生率,控制组的抗甲状腺药物剂量以及3组母儿结局进行回顾性分析。结果（1）发病率：我院近13年来妊娠合并甲亢的发病率0.26%,呈逐年上升的趋势（0.17%～0.32%）。（2）抗甲状腺药物剂量（ATD）：控制组（116例）ATD的平均剂量孕前、孕早期、孕中晚期分别为：126.27±109.92,174.58±121.42,125.21±110.77,孕前与孕早期比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05=;孕早期与孕中、晚期比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;孕前与孕中、晚期比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。（3）母婴结局：未控制组的子痫前期、早产、胎儿生长不良、胎儿窘迫发生率与控制组比较,差异有统计学意义,控制组与正常妊娠比较,差异无统计学意义。结论妊娠合并甲亢的发病率逐年升高,孕期需及时调整抗甲状腺药物治疗量,规律治疗能明显改善母儿结局。     

Functional correlation between kallikrein and factor XII activated in human plasma

Plasma kallikrein and FXIIa were assayed in acetone-treated human citrated plasma (CPLa) with the chromogenic peptide Bz-Ile-Glu-Gly-Arg-pNA (S-2222) as substrate. In end point assays with short incubation periods (1–10 min.) nearly all kallikrein present could be blocked by a low concentration of soybean trypsin inhibitor (STI). In 30 min. assays the main part of the kallikrein was recovered in a functional state not inhibited by STI, and at the same time the level of FXIIa (as amidase activity blocked by corn inhibitor, C.I.) was reduced to about 2/3 of the initial value. The formation of an association between FXIIa and kallikrein is suggested. In fractions from gel filtration of CPLa kallikrein was assayed as S-2302 amidase, high molecular weight kininogen (HK) was measured in rocket immunoassays, and HK and FXII were studied in PAGE immunoblot experiments. Kallikrein appeared as one peak together with HK (gel mol. wt. 300 KD), about 40% of HK was free (220 KD), and no FXII was observed in the kallikrein or HK peaks, but in two areas corresponding to 78–79 KD and 39–42 KD. When experiments, however, were carried out with plasma acetone-activated and gel filtered in the presence of benzamidine (5 mM), part of the amidase activity present in kallikrein peak fractions was blocked by C.I. This observation supports the above suggestion of an association between FXIIa and kallikrein.     

Hormonal regulation of plasminogen activator production by rat hepatocytes in primary culture

Hormonal regulation in the production of a plasminogen activator (PA) was studied in rat hepatocytes in primary culture. Insulin and epidermal growth factor had no effect on the hepatic PA activity. However, glucagon and epinephrine augmented the activity, whereas dexamethasone suppressed it by lowering the production of hepatic PA rather than by inducing plasmin inhibitors or a plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI). Dibutyryl cAMP, an analogue of cAMP, also augmented hepatic PA activity. The augmented activity level was lowered by either H-8, cycloheximide, or actinomycin D, suggesting that A-kinase and protein biosynthesis are closely associated with the augmentation. Glucocorticoid and hormones that act to raise the intracellular cAMP level may participate in hepatic PA production by the liver.     

Magnetic resonance imaging of intracranial venous angiomas

Magnetic resonance imagings (MRI) were made of intracranial venous angioma (six angiographically proved, four presumed). All draining veins were identified as a linear or a small round structure with a flow void. The stellate configuration was observed in seven of the ten patients. In two of the ten, the associated intraparenchymal hematoma was evident. Increased intensity of adjacent parenchyma on T2-weighted images was detected in four of ten patients, and a decreased intensity on the T1-weighted images was noted in three of eight. Thus, MRI is a pertinent diagnostic modality for evaluating intracranial venous angioma. Angiography does not seem to be required for confirmation in patients with typical MR findings.