HPLC法测定利胆排石合剂中大黄素的含量

目的建立利胆排石合剂中有效成分大黄素的含量测定方法.方法HPLC,以甲醇-0.1%磷酸溶液(85∶15)为流动相,采用KromasilC18柱(250mm×46mm,5μm,检测波长为254nm.结果大黄素的线性范围为:4.2～42μg?ml-1,平均回收率为99.50%,RSD=0.6%.结论本方法简便、准确,专属性强,适用于该医院制剂的含量测定.     

八正合剂对家兔尿量和离体输尿管平滑肌舒缩功能的影响

目的：探讨八正合剂利尿通淋的药理学作用机制。方法：分别采用导尿管集尿法和离体输尿管环实验，观察八正合剂对清醒状态下家兔尿量的影响及家兔离体输尿管平滑肌舒缩功能的影响。结果；灌胃给药5.0g/kg和10.0g/kg剂量的八正合剂，可使家兔60min尿量显著增加（P＜0．05）。浓度为9．9－90．9g/L的八正合剂，可使家兔离体输尿管环最大舒张力和最大收缩力显著降低（P＜0．05，P＜0．01）；浓度为29．1－90．9g/L时，离体输尿管环舒缩频率则显著增加（P＜0．05，P＜0．01）；而浓度为56．6g/L和90．9g/L时，离体输尿管环舒缩力振幅也显著增加（P＜0．05，P＜0．01）；在9．9－90．9g/L范围内，随着八正合剂浓度的增加，离体输尿管环各指标变化率的大小依次为：振幅＞频率＞最大舒张力＞最大收缩力。结论：八正合剂的通淋利尿机理与其对输尿管管腔的扩张作用和增强输尿管推进性蠕动作用有关，其增强输尿管蠕动作用可能强于扩张管径作用。     

黄芎汤对脑出血急性期大鼠血浆内皮素及降钙素基因相关肽的影响

目的探讨黄芎汤对脑出血急性期大鼠血浆中内皮素(ET)、降钙素基因相关肽(CGRP)的影响,寻求黄芎汤治疗脑出血急性期的实验依据。方法以放免法测定急性期血浆ET、CGRP含量。结果与正常对照组相比,模型组ET及CGRP含量升高,差异有极显著性(P<0.01)。黄芎汤大剂量组与模型组比较,ET含量明显降低,差异有极显著性(P<0.01);CGRP含量升高,但差异无显著性。结论黄芎汤能降低急性脑出血大鼠血浆中ET的含量,据此及有关ET生物活性的研究可知,黄芎汤能减轻由于脑出血造成的脑血管痉挛,调节脑出血大鼠血管舒缩功能,改善缺血脑组织的供血供氧。     

鼻窦清合剂对实验性鼻窦炎兔ICAM-1、GM-CSF水平的影响

目的探讨鼻窦清合剂对实验性化脓性鼻窦炎兔血清细胞粘附分子-1（ICAM-1）、粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落因子（GM-CSF）水平的影响。方法采用改良后的Hinni造模法建立兔急慢性化脓性鼻窦炎模型。予以鼻窦清合剂高、低剂量灌胃治疗，并设立空白组、模型组、鼻渊舒（鼻渊舒口服液灌胃）组作为对照。观察用药前后各组兔血清ICAM-1、GM-CSF浓度的变化。结果模型兔ICAM-1、GM-CSF浓度明显升高，经鼻窦清合剂治疗后，实验动物兔ICAM-1、GM-CSF浓度水平降低接近正常范围，与空白组相比，差异无统计学意义。结论鼻窦清合剂可明显改善急慢性化脓性鼻窦炎兔全身及局部的炎症反应。     

强化降脂治疗老年不稳定型心绞痛临床观察

目的探讨强化降脂治疗老年人不稳定型心绞痛的疗效及安全性。方法选择76例老年不稳定型心绞痛患者，随机分为强化降脂组和普通降脂组进行疗效比较。普通降脂组常规服用阿斯匹林、硝酸盐类、β-受体阻滞剂、钙通道拮抗剂，另口服阿托伐他汀10mg。强化降脂组在常规治疗的基础上口服阿托伐他汀40mg。结果2组患者用药后，ST段压低数值总和（∑ST）均较用药前下降，强化降脂组心绞痛发作次数减少（P〈0．01），未见强烈副作用。心脏事件在普通降脂组也出现降低，但差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论强化降脂对协助控制老年不稳定型心绞痛患者心绞痛发作安全可靠，有一定疗效。     

鼻敏康治疗过敏性鼻炎的临床与实验研究

以新疆哈萨克族民间草药一枝蒿为主药制成中药鼻敏康合剂，治疗过敏性鼻炎１６４例。与成药鼻炎康治疗５２例作为对照。显示两组总有效率分别为９３．９％和６９．２％，停药后复发率分别为４６．８％和８７．１％。表明鼻敏康近，远期疗效均明显优于鼻炎康。药效实验证实鼻敏康具有明显的抗组织胺、抑制Ｉ型变态反应和稳定肥大细胞膜作用。     

补益复方药冲剂抗诱变作用的探讨

采用微核实验技术对两种补益复方药冲剂抑制诱变作用进行了研究。结果表明，这两种冲剂对诱变剂丝裂霉素Ｃ诱发正常人淋巴细胞微核率有明显的抑制作用。两种冲剂在同一剂量下，没有显著性差异。     

Mixture in the distribution of haloperidol-induced oral dyskinesias in the rat supports an animal model of tardive dyskinesia

Spontaneous adventitious oral movements which are produced in rats by very chronic (6- month) neuroleptic treatment have some phenomenologic and pharmacologic characteristics in common with tardive dyskinesia in humans. However, since not all of the features match, this putative model has been questioned and further support is warranted. Data from several laboratories support dichotomizing these neuroleptic-induced rat oral movements into “low”or “not TD-like” movements and “high”or “TD-like” movements, similar to the division of neuroleptic-induced involuntary movements in humans. Here, we have used mixture analysis to test this proposal statistically in 185 haloperidol-treated and 127 water-treated animals. Rats from several different studies were grouped together to form these two cohorts. The haloperidol dose, route of administration, rating technique, and balanced experimental groups were held constant across all experiments. Results show that two distinct groups of rat movements are induced by very chronic haloperidol treatment (1.5 mg/kg per day). The “low” vacuous chewing movement (VCM) group of rats had an average of 3.6 VCMs/5 min, and the “high” VCM group had an average of 16.1 VCMs/5 min; the conrol group, with a median VCM rate of 2.0 VCMs/5 min, demonstrated a single distribution. These data suggest that rats, like humans, dichotomize into two groups either expressing or not expressing “high” VCM dyskinesias with very chronic haloperidol treatment. Received: 5 November 1996 / Final version: 17 June 1997     

Beneficial effects of atorvastatin on myocardial regions with initially low vasodilatory capacity at various stages of coronary artery disease

Purpose The aim of this study was to analyse non-invasively the regional effect of therapy with an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor on myocardial blood flow in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) with special reference to segments with initially substantially impaired vasodilation.Methods The study included 26 patients with untreated hypercholesterolaemia. Coronary angiography revealed CAD in nine patients with stenosis >50% and wall irregularities or minimal stenosis <30% in 17 patients. Before and 4.6±1.8 months after atorvastatin therapy, ¹³N-ammonia positron emission tomography (PET) studies were performed at rest and under pharmacological stress. Minimum coronary vascular resistance (MCR) and coronary flow reserve (CFR) were determined. Segments were divided into those with normal or near-normal (MBF during adenosine 2.0 ml/min/g) and those with abnormal (MBF<2.0 ml/min/g) vasodilator flow response. In CAD patients, 156 segments were analysed, 85 of which had abnormal MBF; in the non-obstructive group, 59 of 297 segments had abnormal MBF.Results LDL cholesterol decreased after atorvastatin therapy from 186±43 mg/dl to 101±26 mg/dl (p<0.001). In normal segments no significant changes in MBF, CFR and MCR were found. However, initially abnormal segments showed significant improvements in MCR (15%, p<0.0001) and MBF during adenosine (30%, p<0.0001) after therapy.Conclusion The improvement in regional coronary vasodilator function after atorvastatin in patients with coronary atherosclerosis may be caused, at least in part, by increased flow-mediated (endothelium-dependent) dilation of the total arteriolar and arterial vascular system. These data further support the concept of non-invasive management of stable CAD by statin therapy and life-style modification guided by PET.P. Wielepp and D. Baller contributed equally to the study     

活血舒心合刘对冠心病血淤证患者的调脂作用和血液流变性的影响

目的观察中药自拟方"活血舒心合剂"对冠心病血淤证患者的临床疗效.方法46例冠心病血淤证患者,分别予以口服活血舒心合剂(n=23)和地奥心血康(n=23),于服药4周前后测定血清血脂及血液流变学相关指标.结果活血舒心合剂能降低总胆固醇、甘油三酯和低密度脂蛋白(P＜0.05～0.01),降低全血黏度、血浆黏度、红细胞电泳时间、红细胞聚集性(P＜0.05～0.01),提高红细胞变形能力(P＜0.05),其作用强于地奥心血康组.结论活血舒心合剂可改善冠心病血淤证患者的血脂和血液流变学异常形态,可用于冠心病的预防和治疗.