中西医结合治疗疱疹性口炎疗效观察

目的 :观察甲氰咪胍联合金甘玄合剂治疗疱疹性口炎疗效。方法 :将病例随机分为两组 ,治疗组 1 43例予甲氰咪胍静滴 ,同时口服金甘玄合剂 ;对照组 1 2 9例则予阿昔洛韦静滴 ,同时口服复合维生素 B冲剂 ,观察记录用药后两组的退热时间、局部疼痛 (进食时哭吵 )消失时间、溃疡 (疱疹 )愈合时间。结果 :治疗组平均退热时间与对照组相近 ( P>0 .0 5 ) ,而疼痛消失时间及溃疡愈合时间均明显短于对照组 ( P<0 .0 1 )。结论 :甲氰咪胍联合金甘玄合剂治疗疱疹性口炎疗效显著     

银翘合剂提取工艺研究

目的研究银翘合剂提取工艺。方法以浸膏得率和绿原酸提取率作为指标,采用正交实验法,对加水量、提取次数、提取时间进行考察;以挥发油提取率为指标,分别考察了荆芥穗,薄荷,连翘挥发油提取所需时间,并进行验证。结果加6倍量水,提取3次,40min/次提取效果最佳。结论该工艺可作为银翘合剂提取工艺。     

祛寒逐风合剂联合西医常规疗法治疗膝骨关节炎风寒痹阻证临床研究

目的观察祛寒逐风合剂联合西医常规疗法对膝骨关节炎风寒痹阻证的临床疗效,以及对关节症状及相关实验室指标的影响。方法采用随机数字表法将94例膝骨关节炎风寒痹阻证患者分为观察组和对照组各47例。对照组采用常规药物疗法+康复训练,观察组在对照组基础上予祛寒逐风合剂,每次50m L,每日3次,口服。2组均连续治疗2周。比较2组临床疗效,观察2组治疗前后美国西大略湖和麦克马斯特大学骨关节炎指数(WOMAC)评分、视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分、压痛指数、中医症状评分,白细胞介素(IL)-1β、IL-6、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-α、骨钙素、抗酒石酸盐酸性磷酸酶异构体(TRACP)-5b、骨特异性碱性磷酸酶(BALP)、纤维蛋白原、红细胞沉降率和红细胞聚集指数,对2组进行安全性评价。结果观察组总有效率为89.36%(42/47),对照组为74.47%(35/47),观察组明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。与本组治疗前比较,2组治疗后WOMAC评分、VAS评分、压痛指数、中医症状评分明显下降(P<0.05);2组治疗后比较,观察组WOMAC评分、VAS评分、压痛指数、中医症状评分明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。与本组治疗前比较,2组治疗后IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α、VEGF、TRACP-5b水平明显下降,骨钙素、BALP水平明显升高(P<0.05);2组治疗后比较,观察组IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α、VEGF、TRACP-5b水平明显低于对照组,骨钙素、BALP水平明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。与本组治疗前比较,观察组治疗后纤维蛋白原、红细胞沉降率、红细胞聚集指数明显下降(P<0.05);2组治疗后比较,观察组血液流变学各项指标明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。2组均未发生不良反应。结论祛寒逐风合剂联合西医常规疗法治疗膝骨关节炎风寒痹阻证患者疗效较好,可明显改善关节症状及相关实验室指标。     

化瘀降浊合剂对血糖控制良好的2型糖尿病患者脂代谢的影响

目的：客观评价化瘀降浊合剂对血糖控制良好2型糖尿病患者脂代谢的影响。方法：符合2型糖尿病诊断标准且血糖控制在良好范围内，中医辨证为痰浊血瘀证的90例患者被随机分为治疗组60例，对照组30例．治疗组给予化瘀降浊合剂治疗，对照组给予罗格列酮治疗，治疗12周。治疗前后分别观察临床症状积分、空腹血糖（FPG）、餐后2h血糖（2hPG）、甘油三酯（TG）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）、高密度脂蛋白（HDL）。结果：化瘀降浊合剂可有效改善患者的临床症状，明显优于对照组（P〈0．05）；显著降低TG和LDL（P〈0．05），轻度升高HDL．组间比较无统计学差异（P〉0．05）。结论：针对血糖控制良好的2型糖尿病患者给予化瘀降浊合剂进行干预可有效纠正脂代谢紊乱。     

止咳平喘合剂影响哮喘大鼠嗜酸粒细胞及Eotaxin表达的实验研究

目的:观察中药止咳平喘合剂对哮喘大鼠肺内嗜酸粒细胞(Eosinophil,EOS)及嗜酸粒细胞趋化因子(Eotaxin)表达水平的影响,探讨中药止咳平喘合剂治疗哮喘的可能作用机制。方法:用改良的卵白蛋白多点注射致敏与雾化吸入激发法建立大鼠哮喘模型。将60只雄性SD大鼠随机分为6组,每组均10只,分别为正常对照组、哮喘模型组、强的松组、止咳平喘合剂小剂量组、中剂量组和大剂量组。实验第15天起灌胃给药,根据等效剂量换算比率计算,正常对照组、哮喘模型组分别给予生理盐水10mL/kg,强的松组给予强的松混悬液10mg/kg,止咳平喘合剂小剂量组7.5g/kg,中剂量组15g/kg,大剂量组30g/kg,给药连续5天,每天1次。末次雾化激发后24h处死大鼠留取标本。镜下观察各组哮喘大鼠肺组织病理形态的变化及支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)中白细胞、EOS计数的变化;免疫组化染色法检测肺组织Eotaxin蛋白的表达水平。结果:哮喘模型组大鼠BALF中EOS数量明显增高,与其它各组相比,均存在显著性差异(P0.01);止咳平喘合剂组大鼠肺组织气道黏膜及黏膜下层的炎性细胞浸润明显减轻,与哮喘模型组相比均有显著性差异(P0.01);哮喘模型组大鼠肺组织Eotaxin蛋白表达量明显增高,与正常对照组及药物治疗组相比有显著性差异(P0.01),止咳平喘合剂各剂量组之间无显著性差异(P0.05)。结论:止咳平喘合剂可明显减轻哮喘大鼠气道炎症,其机制可能与其减低哮喘大鼠肺组织Eotaxin蛋白的表达相关。     

Estimating marginal likelihoods for mixture and Markov switching models using bridge sampling techniques

Summary This paper discusses the problem of estimating marginal likelihoods for mixture and Markov switching model. Estimation is based on the method of bridge sampling ( Meng and Wong 1996 ; Statistica Sinica11, 552–86.) where Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) draws from the posterior density are combined with an i.i.d. sample from an importance density. The importance density is constructed in an unsupervised manner from the MCMC draws using a mixture of complete data posteriors. Whereas the importance sampling estimator as well as the reciprocal importance sampling estimator are sensitive to the tail behaviour of the importance density, we demonstrate that the bridge sampling estimator is far more robust. Our case studies range from computing marginal likelihoods for a mixture of multivariate normal distributions, testing for the inhomogeneity of a discrete time Poisson process, to testing for the presence of Markov switching and order selection in the MSAR model.     

炙甘草合剂中甘草酸含量测定

目的：控制炙甘草合剂的质量。方法：采用高效液相色谱法（HPLC）测定甘草酸的含量。结果：分离度好，含量测定线性范围0．23-1．85μg（r=0．9999），平均回收率96．6％，相对标准差（RSD）0．17％（n=6）。结论：方法简便、准确、重现性好。     

A model for learning to segment temporal sequences, utilizing a mixture of RNN experts together with adaptive variance

This paper proposes a novel learning method for a mixture of recurrent neural network (RNN) experts model, which can acquire the ability to generate desired sequences by dynamically switching between experts. Our method is based on maximum likelihood estimation, using a gradient descent algorithm. This approach is similar to that used in conventional methods; however, we modify the likelihood function by adding a mechanism to alter the variance for each expert. The proposed method is demonstrated to successfully learn Markov chain switching among a set of 9 Lissajous curves, for which the conventional method fails. The learning performance, analyzed in terms of the generalization capability, of the proposed method is also shown to be superior to that of the conventional method. With the addition of a gating network, the proposed method is successfully applied to the learning of sensory–motor flows for a small humanoid robot as a realistic problem of time series prediction and generation.     

Socioeconomic inequalities in health dynamics: A comparison of Britain and the United States

Drawing on theory and research on the fundamental causes of health, the life course, and the welfare state, we investigate social inequalities in dynamic self-rated health for working-aged Britons and Americans. We use data from the British Household Panel Survey and Panel Study of Income Dynamics (1990–2004) and a mixture latent Markov model to test a theoretical model of health as a discrete state that may remain stable or change over time. Our contributions are threefold. First, our finding of three distinctive types of health processes (stable good health, stable poor health, and a “mover” health trajectory) represents a more differentiated profile of long-term health than previously shown. Second, we characterize health trajectories in structural terms by suggesting who was more likely to experience what type of health trajectory. Third, our more differentiated picture of dynamic health leads to a more nuanced understanding of comparative health: Although the health advantage of Britons was confirmed, our results also indicate that they were more likely to experience health change. Moreover, the socioeconomic gradient in long-term health was steeper in the US, raising provocative questions about how state policies and practices may affect population health.     

凉血散瘀合剂微生物限度检查方法的研究

目的建立凉血散瘀合剂的微生物限度检查方法。方法采用接种阳性对照菌回收率试验测定其是否含抑菌成分。结果凉血散瘀合剂五种阳性试验菌的回收率试验结果均高于70%,表明在该实验条件下无抑菌现象。结论凉血散瘀合剂可按常规方法进行微生物限度检查。