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71.
本文选择驻东北三省部队营房,进行了住室微小气候和人员舒适程度的调查。结果表明,穿着棉衣(隔热值2.7clo),平均皮温28.7±1℃~27.3±1.2℃,胸额温差3.0~5.0℃,微小风速平均0.069m/s时,80%人员感到舒适的最佳采暖温度为16~18℃。经测定寒区部队营房冬季自然通风量为20.7~52.0m ̄3/h,换气次数为0.18~0.73次/h。在此基础上,加开一小气窗,每小时开窗10min,可使换气次数达到0.8次/h的要求。 相似文献
72.
R. D. Myers F. J. Lopez-Valpuesta F. J. Minano M. H. Wooten V. S. Barwick S. D. Wolpe 《Journal of neuroscience research》1994,39(1):31-37
The chemokines, macrophage inflammatory protein-1 (MIP-1) and its subunit MIP-1β, induce an intense fever in the rat when they are injected directly into the anterior hypothalamic, pre-optic area (AH/POA), a region containing thermosensitive neurons. The purpose of this study was to compare the central action on body temperature (Tb) of MIP-1β with that of interleukin-6 (IL-6), which also has been implicated in the cerebral mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of fever. Following the stereotaxic implantation in the AH/POA of guide cannulae for repeated micro-injections, radio transmitters which monitor Tb continuously were inserted intraperitoneally in each of 15 male Sprague-Dawley rats. Each micro-injection was made in a site in the AH/POA in a volume of 1.0 μl of pyrogen-free artificial CSF, recombinant murine MIP-1β, or recombinant human IL-6. MIP-1β in a dose of 25 pg evoked an intense fever characterized by a short latency, a mean maximum rise in Tb of 2.4 ± 0.21°C reached by 3.7 ± 0.42 hr, and a duration exceeding 6.5 hr. Injected into homologous sites in the AH/POA, IL-6 induced a dose dependent fever of similar latency and a mean maximal increase in Tb of 1.2 ± 0.25°C, 1.8 ± 0.15°C, and 2.1 ± 0.22°C and duration of 6.2 ± 1.28 hr, 6.7 ± 0.49 hr, and 6.8 ± 0.65 hr when given in doses of 25, 50, and 100 ng, respectively. These results show that MIP-1β and the highest dose of IL-6 induce a fever of comparable intensity, but MIP-1β exerts its action in a much lower concentration. Thus, the de novo synthesis and subsequent action of the MIP-1 family of cytokines on neurons of the AH/POA in response to a pyrogen challenge apparently play a functional role in the pathogenesis of fever. Further, the endogenous activity of IL-6 in the hypothalamus which is enhanced in response to a lipopolysaccharide also may reflect its essential part in the acute phase response to a bacterial challenge. Copyright © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc. 相似文献
73.
5名电离辐射事故患者外周血T细胞T细胞抗原受体、T细胞分化抗原决定簇-3效应的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
文中报道了5名事故性急性骨髓型放射病患者照后2.5和3.5年外周血T淋巴细胞T细胞受体(TCR)基因,TCR、T细胞分化抗原决定簇-3(CD_3)表达与TCR/CD_3复合物功能的辐射效应.发现5名患者于照后2.5年,2名(5.2Gy和2.4Gy,55岁)于照后3.5年外周血T细胞应答抗CD3单抗刺激而增殖的能力尚未完全恢复;经同时用IL-2和抗CD_3单抗刺激,增殖能力比单用抗CD_3单抗刺激有所增强;后2名的外周血TCR、CD_3阳性细胞百分率一直低于正常对照和其他患者;并见一患者出现DNA重排杂交带型.本文并从TCR/CD_3在介导T细胞抗原刺激反应中的作用,电离辐射对TCR/CD_3复合物的影响,后果和意义等方面进行了讨论. 相似文献
74.
Rupak Mukherjee Preecha Laohakunakorn M. Charles Welzig Kathryn S. Cowart J. Philip Saul 《Journal of interventional cardiac electrophysiology》2003,9(3):309-315
Background: Radiofrequency (RF) lesion size in vitro is positively correlated with applied power and catheter tip temperature. However, the relation between RF lesion size, power, and tip temperature in vivo remains unclear. We hypothesized that due to flow, anatomy and tip contact effects in vivo, increased tip temperature would be inversely related to applied power and RF lesion size.
Methods: RF lesions were created on the endocardium of 16 pigs using 5, 6, and 7 Fr catheters. The ablation generator was set to achieve a temperature of 70°C. RF lesions were created in different regions of the heart so as to encompass a wide range of blood flow and catheter movement conditions. RF lesions were measured acutely (DIMEN, mm) and correlated with average power applied (POWER, W), and average tip temperature (TEMP, °C). The POWER and TEMP relation was also examined.
Results: For TEMPs below 55°C, the power output from the generator was typically maximized at 50 W. At TEMPs above 55°C, POWER decreased exponentially with increasing TEMP {POWER = 50 – exp(-((41-TEMP)/7)), r = 0.98, p < 0.05}. Further, DIMEN tended to be inversely related to TEMP (Slope: –0.07 ± 0.04, r = –0.15, p = 0.07); but, was positively related to POWER (Slope: 0.04 ± 0.02, r = 0.23, p < 0.05). These relations varied by tip size and estimated local blood flow characteristics.
Conclusion: In vivo, variable tissue contact and flow yield DIMEN-POWER-TEMP relations opposite to those found in vitro. These counterintuitive results suggest that maximum in vivo RF lesion size is achieved when power is maximized at tip temperatures between 50 and 60°C. 相似文献
75.
Iodine-125 interstitial irradiation for cerebral gliomas 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
76.
Kagayaki Kuroda Daisuke Kokuryo Etsuko Kumamoto Kyohei Suzuki Yuichiro Matsuoka Bilgin Keserci 《Magnetic resonance in medicine》2006,56(4):835-843
Referenceless, or self-reference, thermometry is a technique for mapping temperature differences in the region of interest (ROI) using the baseline phase estimated by extrapolating the field in the surrounding region for estimation (RFE) and subtracting the estimated baseline from the measured field. In the present work a self-reference technique based on complex field estimation using 2D polynomials comprising complex-valued coefficients was proposed and optimized. Numerical simulations with a Gaussian-profiled phase distribution demonstrated that the ROI radius had to be 2.3-2.5 times the standard deviation (SD) of the Gaussian function in order to keep the error below 8% of the peak phase change. The area ratio between the ROI and the RFE had to be larger than 2.0 to maintain the error level. Based on the simulations, and phantom and volunteer experiments, the complex-based method with independently optimized polynomial orders for the two spatial dimensions was compared with the phase-based method using the similar-order optimization strategy. The complex-based method appeared to be useful when phase unwrapping was not removed. Otherwise, the phase-based method yielded equivalent results with less polynomial orders. 相似文献
77.
相对湿度对空调环境至适温度影响的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文研究空调室内相同温度(夏季:24℃,28℃:冬季:19℃;22℃)条件下相对湿度(分别为30~70%;85~95%)对至适温度的影响。以健康成年人为研究对象,以体温、皮温、皮温差、温热感和舒适感为观察指标。结果表明:空调室内气温相同时,皮温差、温热感、舒适感均随气湿不同而出现差异。夏季空调温度为28℃、气湿为85~95%时,皮温差(2.1℃)已超出生理至适范围,温热感(12.5%)和舒适感(0%)也随湿度增高而下降(P<0.01)。提出在制订空调至适温度卫生标准时,应考虑空气湿度对至适温度的影响。 相似文献
78.
79.
杨寿清 《中国脊柱脊髓杂志》2003,(4)
采用AF型气氛保鲜纸对苹果进行常温保鲜效果试验,并与其他保鲜方法进行了对比试验.该法具有简单易行、投资少、见效快等特点,可用于苹果常温贮藏保鲜.结果表明,用AF型气氛保鲜纸包裹苹果,可使苹果在常温下贮藏保鲜期稳定在140 d以上,失重率降低66.9%,皱皮率降低90.6%,腐烂率降低87.3%,硬度和可溶性固形物含量基本不变. 相似文献
80.
Dr C. J. Whitters T. W. Macfarlane D. Mackenzie H. Moseley R. Strang 《Lasers in medical science》1994,9(4):297-303
Pulsed Nd-YAG laser irradiation of bacteria has been suggested as a possible means of treating contaminated intra-oral sites
although relatively few studies have been conducted. In this investigation, the antimicrobial activity of a pulsed Nd-YAG
laser was assessed in vitro for a range of oral bacteria using several pulse energies and exposure durations. Pure cultures
of each organism were lased in saline suspensions followed by standard colony counting techniques for test and control samples.
Microbial inhibition was found to be organism-dependent and varied with energy dose and pulse energy. For all nine test species
120-mJ laser pulses proved more efficient than 80-mJ pulses, with 99.9% kills compared with around 90% kills after exposure
to 1800 pulses. These killing activity levels compare favourably with those achieved with other lasers in vitro. 相似文献