滋阴清热方治疗对甲状腺功能亢进症阴虚火旺证患者疗效、血浆内皮素-1、炎症因子和免疫功能的影响

目的:研究滋阴清热方治疗对甲状腺功能亢进症阴虚火旺证患者疗效、血浆内皮素-1、炎症因子和免疫功能的影响。方法:将广州市花都区妇幼保健院收治的100例甲状腺功能亢进症阴虚火旺证患者分成观察组和对照组。对照组:给患者使用常规药物治疗;观察组:在对照组的基础上,给予滋阴清热方治疗。干预后,比较两组患者的临床疗效、血浆内皮素-1(Endothelin,ET)、炎症因子[白介素-2(Interleukin-2,IL-2)、白介素-8(Interleukin-8,IL-8)]及肿瘤坏死因子(Tumour Necrosis Factor-α,TNF-α)和免疫功能(CD3^+、CD4^+、CD8^+及CD4^+/CD8^+)。结果:干预前,两组患者IL-2、IL-8及TNF-α无变化,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,观察组患者的IL-2比对照组高,且对照组的IL-8及TNF-α比观察组的高,P<0.05,差异有统计学意义;干预前,两组患者的CD3^+、CD4^+、CD8^+及CD4^+/CD8^+与ET无变化;干预后,观察组的CD3^+、CD4^+、CD8+及CD4^+/CD8^+比对照组高,P <0.05,差异有统计学意义,且观察组的ET低于对照组且观察组总有效率明显高于对照组。结论:滋阴清热方治疗降低了血浆内皮素-1,减少炎症的出现,提高免疫功能。     

Emodin attenuates acute lung injury in Cecal-ligation and puncture rats

Acute lung injury (ALI) is a major cause of sepsis-induced acute respiratory failure. Emodin has been considered to play a protective role for acute lung edema in cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced sepsis model. In this study we aimed to investigate whether emodin could improve CLP-induced lung sepsis via regulating aquaporin (AQP) and tight junction (TJ), inflammatory factors, and pulmonary apoptosis. The results showed that sepsis-induced pulmonary pathological changes were significantly improved after emodin treatment. Emodin was found to upregulate AQP and TJ expression in the CLP model. Meanwhile, inflammatory cytokine release and pulmonary apoptosis was remarkably reduced after emodin treatment in lung sepsis. Our data demonstrated that emodin could suppresse inflammation, restore pulmonary epithelial barrier and reduce mortality in CLP-induced ALI, suggesting the potential therapeutic application of emodin in sepsis.     

益生菌联合肠内营养对急性胰腺炎患者肠道菌群及外周血miR-155的影响

目的 探讨益生菌联合肠内营养对急性胰腺炎患者肠道菌群及外周血miR-155的影响。 方法 选取2016年6月至2018年12月河北医科大学第二医院消化内科收治的92例急性胰腺炎患者作为研究对象，根据随机数字表法分为观察组（n=46）和对照组（n=46），对照组在常规治疗基础上给予肠内营养治疗，观察组在对照组基础上给予双歧杆菌乳杆菌三联活菌片，观察两组患者治疗前后肠道菌群、炎性介质及血清miR-155变化，比较两组患者治疗后胃肠道功能恢复情况。结果 治疗后，观察组双歧杆菌、乳酸杆菌增加数量，肠球菌、大肠埃希菌减少数量，血清CRP、IL-6、IL-17、TNF-α、miR-155降低水平均显著高于对照组（P<0.05）；观察组患者胃肠生活质量量表（GIQLI）评分高于对照组，腹胀消失时间、腹痛消失时间、肠鸣音恢复时间、血清淀粉酶恢复正常时间均少于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 益生菌联合肠内营养治疗急性胰腺炎可调节肠道菌群平衡，降低血清miR-155水平，缓解炎性反应，促进肠道功能恢复。     

腹腔镜和开腹结直肠手术的炎性反应比较

目的对比分析腹腔镜和开腹结直肠手术患者全身和腹腔炎性反应的差异,为腹腔镜手术对结直肠肿瘤中的应用提供理论依据。方法对51例2004年4-8月间收治的乙状结肠和直肠恶性肿瘤患者,采用腹腔镜辅助手术25例(LAP组),开腹手术26例(OPEN组)。术毕骶前留置引流管。观察并比较两组患者的一般情况和炎性反应及与手术相关的各项指标。结果两组患者在年龄、性别、ASA分级、术前血红蛋白及白蛋白水平、肿瘤Dukes分期和手术方式差异均无统计学意义(P＞0．05)。在切口长度、手术时间、肠道功能恢复时间、住院时间的比较中,LAP组占有明显优势(P＜0．05)。腹腔引流量在术后第1天,两组间差异无统计学意义(P＞0．05)；而术后2-4 d,LAP组明显低于OPEN组(P＜0．05)。LAP组术后第1天,周围血中性粒细胞[(7．30±2．62)×10~9/L]、白介素(IL)-10[(19．46±3．31)pg/ml]和C反应蛋白(CRP)[(2．76±2．17)mg/dl]水平均显著低于OPEN组(P＜0．05)。术后第4天两组间差异无统计学意义(P＞0．05)。术后第1天,两组腹腔引流液的IL-10、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)及CRP水平差异无统计学意义(P＞0．05),术后第4天LAP组IL-10 [(22．53±15．47)pg/ml]明显低于OPEN组(P＜0．05)。结论术后早期,腹腔镜结直肠手术的腹腔炎性反应与开腹手术相当,而全身炎性反应较开腹手术轻。腹腔镜结直肠手术临床上体现出恢复快、并发症少、住院天数少的优势。     

Incidence and Prognosis of Organ Failure in Severely Injured Children and Adult Patients

Abstract Background: Does there exist a difference in the outcome of severely injured children and severely injured healthy adults? Methods: The data of 1,566 severely injured patients, treated between May 1998 and December 2002 in our emergency department of the University Essen/Germany, were analyzed. Patients with an injury severity score (ISS) > 24 were included in the present study. Patients younger as 18 (17) years were located to the children group c. Patients aged 18 and up to the age of 54 were included in the adult group a. Results: Fifty-four children and 252 adults met the selection criteria. ISS and the Glasgow coma scale (GCS) before intubation were not statistically different in both groups. Seriously injured children stayed significantly shorter on the intensive care unit, required significantly less ventilator days. Furthermore, the incidence of single organ failure (SOF) and multiple organ failure (MOF) was significantly lower in the children group. Mortality in the children group (29.6%) was lower than that in the adult group (33.7%). There was no death due to MOF in the children group as compared to 2.4% (n = 6) in the adults. Conclusion: The incidence of SOF and MOF was significantly lower in the children group although there was no difference in ISS, GCS and injury patterns. The prognosis of severely injured children was found to be better than those of adults. Moreover, there was no death due to MOF in the children group.     

The scope of the cataract problem in the Middle East and the Mediterranean

The region is characterized by diversity in cultural, political, economic and health conditions. Blindness in the region varies from 6.4% to 0.2% with cataract ranking highly as an underlying cause. There is a need to develop national policies to deliver affordable, technically suitable, and cost effective management plans to reduce cataract. Economic, demographic, health, and manpower statistics are essential information to be considered in formulating such policies.     

高血压性脑出血血肿周围脑组织细胞间粘附分子-1的表达

目的探讨急性高血压性脑出血患者细胞间粘附分子-1(ICAM-1)在血肿周围脑组织和正常脑组织中的表达及其意义。方法选择30例行开颅手术治疗的急性高血压性脑出血患者,采用免疫组化技术检测ICAM-1在血肿周围脑组织及正常脑组织中的表达。结果实验组血肿周围脑组织可见ICAM-1的表达水平上调,其表达水平明显高于正常脑组织的表达水平(P<0.01)。神经元和血管内皮细胞共同表达ICAM-1,且神经元表达较明显。结论ICAM-1在人类高血压性脑出血血肿周围脑组织的表达水平上调,其表达上调可能参与了血肿周围脑组织的白细胞浸润,最终引发炎性反应和继发性脑损伤。     

炎性肠病药物治疗的循证医学研究进展

目的:从循证医学的角度解析炎性肠病药物治疗的相关进展。旨在提高对临床证据的认知,帮助临床医生评估新的治疗,从批判的视角重新看待以往的治疗。方法:收集国外近期相关文献进行评价。结果及结论:炎性肠病(IBD)的发病机制尚不清楚,众多的治疗方案可供选择。因此,循证医学研究结果有非常重要的临床指导意义。IBD的研究方面取得了可喜的进步。但是,有关CD活动指数(CDAI)和临床分型系统仍有待于改进。通过循证医学的研究证据有望确定安全和易于耐受的药物,并能发现目前诊治方面存在的缺陷和问题,更好地解决患者的病痛。