Quantitative study of the morphological changes in the thyroid gland following IR laser radiation

The morphological changes produced in the thyroid glands of albino rats following radiation with a 904 nm infrared laser were studied. Two different levels of radiation were applied: 46.8 J/cm² and 140.4 J/cm². Evaluation of the changes in the densities of the epithelial, colloidal and follicular volumes and of the activation index revealed that the laser beam produced changes in the thyroid parenchyma. It was observed that there was a direct relationship between the severity of the lesion and the radiation energy applied.     

Aza-peptides. III. Experimental structural analysis of aza-alanme and aza-asparagine-containing peptides

To determine the structural perturbations induced by the CαH→Nα exchange in aza-peptides, we have examined by H NMR and IR spectroscopy various derivatives of the aza-analogues of alanine, aspartic acid and asparagine in different organic solvents with increasing polarity. Their general formulas are: R'-AzXaa-NR²R³, R'-Pro-AzXaa-NR²R³ and R-AzXaa-Pro-NR²R³ (where AzXaa denotes the aza-analogue of the amino acid residue Xaa = Ala, Asp, Asn; R = Boc, Z; R², R³= H, Me, iPr). The aza-analogue of an amino acid residue appears to be a strong p-turn-inducing motif, and the AzAsn carboxamide side-chain is capable of interacting, as a proton donor, with the preceding peptide carbonyl group.     

傅立叶变换红外光谱用于不同状态胆囊组织的初步研究

目的:探索正常、炎性和癌变胆囊组织各自特异的傅立叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)表现。方法:应用FT-IR对7例正常胆囊组织、7例炎性胆囊组织和2例胆囊癌组织标本进行检测,总结与组织状态相关的光谱特征。结果:胆囊正常、炎性和癌组织具有不同的FT-IR光谱表现,1550cm~(-1)处的酰Ⅱ带在癌组织中表现较弱,峰形低平,而在正常组织中则较强,峰形高尖。相叶强度Ⅰ1550与Ⅰ1647的比值在7例正常组织中为0.33,0.48.0.54,0.38,0.41,0.52,0.45,炎性组织中为0.32,0.27,0.34,0.25,0.33,0.28,0.29,2例癌组织分别为0.25和0.28;Ⅰ1080与Ⅰ1550的比值在正常组织中为0.059,0.042,0.077,0.085,0.092,0.100,0.081,炎性组织中为0.046,0.040,0.053,0.053,0.048,0.078,0.100,2例癌组织中为0.110和0.170。正常组织中1453cm~(-1)处的峰值高于1402cm~(-1)处,而在癌组织中则相反。结论:胆囊正常、炎性和癌组织的FT-IR表现不同,FT-IR有望成为胆道疾病临床诊断的一种新手段。     

长效驱避剂的初步筛选研究

目的　研究一种对人有效保护时间 >8h ,且安全经济的长效驱避剂配方。方法　采用实验室 (GB T173 2 2 .10 -1998)和现场的药效测试方法对所配制的驱避剂配方进行效果测试。结果　实验室试验表明 ,以 2 0 %IR3 5 3 5配制 10、12、13、14号驱避剂配方在实验室内对白纹伊蚊的有效防护时间可达 8h以上 ;现场试验表明 ,10、12、13、14号驱避剂配方对人有效防止丘陵地区伊蚊的叮咬时间达 9h ,有效防止稻田地区中华按蚊的叮咬时间达 8h。结论以 2 0 %IR3 5 3 5与纤维素配制的驱避剂对人的有效保护时间可达 8h。纤维素对IR3 5 3 5有一定延长有效保护时间的缓释作用。实验所用配方对人的皮肤无不良反应 ,可作为户外活动人群防止蚊虫刺叮的驱避剂。     

Multidimensional Chromatographic and Hyphenated Techniques for Hydrophilic Copolymers, 1

Summary: The chromatographic analysis of hydrophilic copolymers is complicated due to the fact that in most cases aqueous eluents must be used. In aqueous eluents different polar and ionic effects may disturb the selective interactions between the macromolecules and the stationary phase making it impossible to separate such copolymers with regard to chemical composition. Therefore, 2D chromatography combining a separation according to composition with a separation according to molar mass has been applied mostly to polymers that are soluble in organic solvents. The present contribution describes experimental approaches to analyze such hydrophilic copolymers by 2D‐chromatography. For a model polymer system resulting from the copolymerization of methacrylic acid and a poly(ethylene glycol) macromonomer, it is shown that different analytical techniques including SEC, LC‐CC, MALDI‐TOF MS and 2D chromatography can be used to analyze the different parameters of molecular heterogeneity of such copolymers.

2D separation of poly(MPEG‐MM 2), 1^st dimension: LC‐CC, 2^nd dimension: SEC.     

Role of oxidative stress,angiogenesis and chemo-attractant cytokines in the pathogenesis of ischaemic protection induced by remote ischaemic conditioning: Study of a human model of ischaemia-reperfusion induced vascular injury

Aims

We explored the effect of remote ischaemic conditioning (RIC) on endothelial function and on circulating mediators.

Infrared spectroscopy: A new diagnostic tool in Alzheimer disease

Biological markers play an evolving role in the diagnosis of Alzheimer disease (AD). We compare conventional measurements of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tau and β-amyloid_1–42 proteins to a novel approach – Fourier transformed infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy – a simple technique derived from chemical and physical sciences that characterizes intramolecular bonds. For automatic diagnostic analysis, we developed an artificial neural network (ANN). We examined 71 patients with a clinical diagnosis of AD and 66 controls. β-Amyloid_1–42 was decreased (sensitivity 80% and specificity 78%); tau was elevated (sensitivity 76% and specificity 88%) in CSF of AD patients. The combined tau/β-amyloid_1–42 quotient was able to distinguish healthy from diseased subjects with 99% sensitivity and 86% specificity. The ANN could separate FT-IR spectroscopy data with 88.5% sensitivity and 80% specificity. FT-IR spectroscopy proved to be cost-effective and simple to perform. Diagnostic sensitivity and specificity is in the range of CSF tau and β-amyloid_1–42 protein analysis. Larger sample numbers for ANN training and validation could increase diagnostic accuracy and thus prove to be a useful screening tool.     

The immobilization response in rhesus monkey: a behavioral and electroencephalographic study.

Rhesus monkeys maintained in individual cages are rarely inactive when observed by humans unfamiliar to them. It has been observed that these animals display a greatly reduced behavioral repertoire after they are transferred to primate chairs. The present study used systemic behavioral observations to document those changes and to examine additional changes produced by arm restraint. Chair restraint was associated with a reduction in activity which was intensified when animals were further immobilized by arm restraint. This immobilization produced a reduction of tone in all limbs, a reduction of spontaneous behavior, and the appearance of eye closure. Electroencephalographic (EEG) correlates of the behavioral changes were examined also, using quantitative data generated through power spectral analysis of sensorimotor cortical EEG signals. Immobilization was accompanied by a significant increase in spectral density at 12 to 15 Hz which was most marked at mid and far lateral rholandic recording sites. No other significant changes were seen in the frequency bands studied. When the immobilized animal was alerted with novel stimuli, lower frequencies were attenuated but 12- to 15-Hz activity remained enhanced. These findings indicate that a unique immobilization response is elicited by restraint in the rhesus monkey which is associated with discrete changes in both behavior and accompanying EEG patterns.     

CBN对脑缺血再灌注小鼠线粒体损伤的影响

目的：观察CBN对脑缺血再灌注小鼠的线粒体损伤的影响。方法：分离提纯脑缺血再灌注小鼠脑的线粒体。用分光光度法检测线粒体的膜肿胀度，用激光拉曼光谱检测脑线粒体的生物大分子的变化。结果：小鼠脑缺血再灌注后。其线粒体出现膜肿胀，CBN50、100mg／kg iv对此有明显的抑制作用。各组脑线粒体的Raman和IR光谱基本一致。CBN组与假手术组比较接近。模型组只是在量上有一些差异。结论：CBN对脑缺血再灌注小鼠的线粒体损伤的有一定的保护作用。