Treatment of oral manifestations of toxic epidermal necrolysis with low‐level laser therapy in a pediatric patient

Drug‐induced reactions are complications associated with high mortality and significant morbidity. Stevens–Johnson Syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are examples of these conditions, which are characterized by skin and mucous lesions. Here, we report a case of a 9‐year‐old girl who presented with blisters associated with an extensive vesicular rash and multiple ulcerations on the lips and oral cavity. A drug‐induced hypersensitivity reaction to antibiotics was suspected, and a diagnosis of TEN was made. The patient was managed with withdrawal of the suspected causative agent, and the oral lesions were treated with low‐level laser therapy (LLLT) and oral hygiene. This case highlights that TEN requires interdisciplinary intervention with dental assistance and follow‐up to improve symptoms, nutrition, systemic condition, and quality of life.     

m6A结合蛋白IGF2BP1在肝细胞癌中的基因调控网络分析

目的 分析m6A阅读器胰岛素样生长因子2-mRNA结合蛋白1（insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 1，IGF2BP1）在肝细胞癌（hepatocellular carcinoma，HCC）中的表达水平及其对HCC患者预后的影响，并探讨IGF2BP1在HCC发生发展中的作用及其潜在机制。方法 基于5对HCC癌及相应癌旁组织mRNA-seq数据和TCGA数据库LIHC的mRNA-seq数据综合分析IGF2BP1在HCC中的表达情况，同时利用TCGA数据库中343例HCC患者的临床随访资料分析IGF2BP1表达水平对HCC患者总生存期的影响。基于TCGA数据库筛选IGF2BP1的共表达mRNA，并利用m6Avar在线网站预测mRNA的m6A位点及其RNA结合蛋白等信息，最终构建IGF2BP1的基因调控网络。结果 IGF2BP1基因在HCC中表达上调（log2FC HCC转录组数据=10.684，P<0.001；log2FC TCGA-LIHC数据集=7.032，P<0.001）。生存分析显示IGF2BP1低表达的HCC患者中位生存时间为5.84年，IGF2BP1高表达患者为4.44年，高表达患者总生存期缩短（P=0.011）。22个差异表达的mRNA与IGF2BP1存在靶向结合关系，并与其表达水平呈正相关。其中，HMGA2等15个高表达mRNA的HCC患者总生存期缩短。HMGA2、PEG10、CEP55、RHO、CDC6和KIF23基因中的潜在m6A甲基化位点位于mRNA 3'UTR端的miRNA结合区域。结论 IGF2BP1在HCC中高表达且导致患者总生存期缩短。IGF2BP1可能通过m6A甲基化及miRNA抑制作用的方式上调mRNA的表达，促进HCC发生并导致不良预后。     

托珠单抗在新型冠状病毒肺炎的应用研究探讨

2019年12月以来,新型冠状病毒肺炎(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19)在武汉暴发并蔓延至全国,给整个社会带来巨大的挑战。部分COVID-19感染者早期发病并不十分凶险,但后期会突然加速进展,病人很快进入多脏器功能衰竭的状态,李兰娟院士等提出了"细胞因子风暴"概念。但目前并没有特效药物,认为IL-6是诱发细胞因子风暴的重要通路,本文结合相关文献的复习和分析,旨在综述IL-6受体阻断剂托珠单抗在新型冠状病毒肺炎危重患者使用的可行性。     

真武汤合苓桂术甘汤改善心肾综合征大鼠模型水钠潴留的作用机制研究

[目的]研究真武汤合苓桂术甘汤对心肾综合征大鼠模型水钠潴留的作用机制。[方法]将60只雄性SD大鼠随机分为两组,即空白组与手术组,空白组大鼠常规饲养,手术组大鼠经5/6肾切除联合异丙肾上腺素皮下注射制备心肾综合征模型,剔除死亡大鼠后,将手术组剩余成模大鼠按体质量分层随机分为空白组、中药组、常规治疗组。中药组给予真武汤合苓桂术甘汤灌胃,给药量为7.29 g生药/(kg·d);常规治疗组给予贝那普利(0.45 mg/kg)+呋塞米(1.8m g/kg);空白组予以等容积生理盐水灌胃,每日1次,连续6周。观察实验过程中各组大鼠的精神状态、活动情况、灵敏度、毛发情况、食欲、大小便等一般情况及死亡情况,比较各组灌胃前、灌胃6周后的血清脑钠肽(BNP)、血肌酐(Scr)、血尿素氮(BUN)、尿水通道蛋白2(AQP2)的前后差值情况。[结果]灌胃6周后,中药组大鼠一般情况较灌胃前改善、喘息不明显,常规治疗组一般情况同样较灌胃前改善。通过比较治疗前后各组大鼠实验室指标差值发现,中药组与常规治疗组BNP均下降,中药改善大鼠心力衰竭情况接近常规治疗组水平,两组下降水平无统计学差异(P0.05);中药组Scr水平较前下降,常规治疗组Scr水平升高;中药组尿AQP2水平较前略增高,与空白组尿AQP2水平无统计学差异(P0.05),常规治疗组尿AQP2水平较前明显升高。[结论]心肾综合征大鼠尿AQP2的表达主要由肾脏调控,AQP2可作为心肾综合征水钠潴留状态的参考指标,真武汤合苓桂术甘汤改善心肾综合征大鼠水钠潴留状态的作用机制可能是通过抑制大鼠肾脏AQP2过度表达,减少水的重吸收,改善了水钠潴留状态。     

Assessment of heavy metals by ICP-OES and their impact on insulin stimulating hormone and carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes

Arsenic (As) and cadmium (Cd) have recently emerged as major health concerns owing to their strong association with diabetes mellitus (DM). We aimed to investigate the heavy metals exposure towards incidence of DM at various enzymatic and hormonal levels. Additionally, association of As and Cd with Zinc (Zn, essential metal) was also evaluated. Spot urine samples were collected to assess As, Cd and Zn through ICP-OES. Serum was analyzed by assay method for fasting blood glucose, liver and renal function biomarkers. ELISA was performed to investigate the impact of heavy metals on HbA1c, α-amylase, DPP-IV, IGF-1, leptin, GSH, MDA, SOD, HDL, FFA, TG and interleukin (IL)-6. Association of heavy metals with DM was measured by odds ratio (OR) and level of significance was assessed by Chi-squared test. Unpaired student's t-test was used to compare DM-associated risk factors in heavy metals-exposed and unexposed participants. As and Cd were detectable in 75.4% and 83% participants with mean concentration of 75.5 ppb and 54.5 ppb, respectively. For As exposure, OR in the third quartile was maximum ie 1.34 (95% CI, 0.80 to 2.23), however the result was not statistically significant (P > .05). For Cd exposure, OR in the fourth quartile was considerably high, 1.62 (95% CI, 1.00 to 2.61), with a significant probability value (P < .05). Urinary Cd was negatively associated with Zn. As and Cd exposure increases the incidence of DM in the general population. Impaired hormonal and enzymatic levels in diabetic and non-diabetic exposed participants reflect the multiple organ damage by heavy metal exposure.     

蛋白质因子在调控骨改建过程中的作用机制研究进展

目的综述蛋白质因子在骨改建过程中的作用及机制，为进一步阐明骨相关疾病的发病机制及临床治疗提供理论依据。方法广泛查阅国内外近年相关研究成果，并加以分析、归纳和总结。结果骨改建是维持骨稳态的重要生理过程，蛋白作为骨改建过程中的重要刺激因子，调控着骨吸收与骨形成之间的平衡。结论目前对于蛋白在骨改建过程中的作用机制研究还不够充分，因此需要进一步深入研究相关蛋白在骨改建过程中的具体作用时间、作用过程以及蛋白质因子间相互作用网络，并确证其在骨改建中的作用机制，为骨相关疾病发病机制的揭示及治疗奠定基础。     

经重睑切口的上睑旋转皮瓣矫正轻中度内眦赘皮疗效观察

目的探讨重睑术中采用经重睑切口的上睑旋转皮瓣矫正轻、中度内眦赘皮的疗效。方法回顾分析 2016 年 7 月—2017 年 10 月，重睑术中采用经重睑切口的上睑旋转皮瓣矫正轻、中度睑板型内眦赘皮合并单睑的 34 例患者（试验组）临床资料；以同期 38 例接受传统“Z”成形内眦开大术联合重睑术患者为对照（对照组）。两组患者年龄及内侧赘皮分度比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。于术前及术后 6 d、6 个月测量眼裂长度，计算眼裂长度改善程度；参照内眦赘皮矫正标准评价手术疗效。 结果两组患者切口均Ⅰ期愈合，并获随访 6 个月。两组内眦赘皮明显矫正。试验组内眦处无切口；对照组遗留瘢痕，其中 6 例增生明显。术后 6 d 试验组及对照组眼裂长度改善程度分别为 3.63%±0.07%、3.70%±0.05%；术后 6 个月分别为 4.64%±0.09%、4.46%±0.10%；两组比较差异均无统计学意义（t=0.005，P=0.996；t=0.287，P=0.871）。术后 6 个月疗效评价，试验组优 20 例、良 12 例、差 2 例，优良率 94.12%；对照组优 16 例、良 16 例、差 6 例，优良率 84.21%；差异无统计学意义（χ²=0.796，P=0.372）。 结论经重睑切口的上睑旋转皮瓣矫正轻、中度内眦赘皮手术操作简便、效果满意，内眦处无瘢痕形成。     

Immunohistochemical and molecular analysis of PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in esophageal carcinoma

Among the numerous signaling pathways involved in tumorigenesis, PI3K‐AKT‐mTOR is a key one that regulates diverse cellular functions. However, its prognostic value in esophageal carcinoma remains unclear. In our study, we examined the immunohistochemical expression of phosphorylated (p‐) AKT, mTOR, p70S6K and 4E‐BP1 along with the mutational status of PIK3CA and AKT1 genes by High Resolution Melting Analysis and Pyrosequencing in 44 esophageal carcinomas. The results were correlated with the clinicopathological characteristics of the patients in an effort to define their possible prognostic significance. Total p‐mTOR cytoplasmic expression, assessed in 10 random areas, was positively correlated with tumor stage (Kruskal–Wallis ANOVA, I/II vs III/IV, p = 0.0500). Μoreover, maximum p‐mTOR cytoplasmic immunoexpression, estimated in hot spot areas, was positively associated with tumor grade (Mann–Whitney U test, I/II vs III, p = 0.0565). Interestingly, p‐4E‐BP1 immunoreactivity was negatively correlated with tumor histological grade (Mann–Whitney U test, I/II vs III, p = 0.0427). No mutation was observed in exons 9 and 20 of PIK3CA gene and in exon 4 of AKT1 gene. In conclusion, our findings depict the presence of activated PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in esophageal cancer bringing forward p‐mTOR and p‐4E‐BP1 for their potential role in esophageal carcinogenesis. Additional studies are warranted to validate our findings.     

钩虫病感染者免疫球蛋白水平、临床特点及胃肠镜下形态分析

目的分析钩虫病感染者血清免疫球蛋白(Ig)A、IgG、IgM和IgE水平,临床特点及胃肠镜下形态。方法分析16例钩虫病感染者的临床资料,观察患者的临床表现、Ig水平、血常规检查结果、胃肠镜检查结果及治疗结果。结果 16例患者的IgE水平明显高于正常参考上限值;IgA、IgG、IgM水平与正常参考上限值比较,差异不明显。经诊断患者的钩虫分布情况:十二指肠降部8例(50.00%),十二指肠球部5例(31.25%),回肠末端3例(18.75%),升结肠1例(6.25%),其中十二指肠及回肠末端均见钩虫者1例(6.25%)。所有患者均予阿苯达唑片驱虫治疗,治疗后1个月复查见贫血得到纠正,消化道症状得以缓解,复查胃肠镜未见虫体,均治愈。结论钩虫病感染者的IgE水平明显升高,胃肠镜检查是确诊钩虫病的重要手段,尤其是要加强对十二指肠降部的检查,并在确诊后及时给予正规治疗措施。