口服Ⅱ号避孕药对血小板功能及血液凝固的影响

为了解口服Ⅱ号避孕药对血小板功能及血液凝固性的影响,本文对65名连续服药妇女进行了研究。她们的年龄为27～45(平均36.5)岁。服药期限1～17(平均6.7)年。测定项目有纤维蛋白原,血小板粘附率,血小板聚集率,Ⅷ因子相关抗原,抗凝血酶活力等。20例未服药妇女作对照。测定结果服药组血小板粘附率、聚集率及纤维蛋白原比对照组明显增高(P<0.001)。Ⅷ因子相关抗原略增高,但无统计学意义。抗凝血酶活力显著降低(P<0.001)。本文就急性心肌梗塞及血栓栓塞的潜在可能性等问题进行了讨论,并对预防此类并发症提出了建议。     

No effect of a Taql polymorphism in DNA at the endothelin I (EDN1) locus on normal blood pressure level or variability

Endothelin is a peptide reported to be one of the most potent vasoconstrictors known. Presumably, endothelin could play a role in the physiological regulation of blood pressure in healthy or hypertensive people. We have studied a normal restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) at the endothelin-I (EDN1) locus detected with the restriction enzyme TaqI. In three different series comprising 166, 120 and 207 unrelated individuals, we found no evidence for association between genotype in this polymorphism and level of systolic or diastolic blood pressure. In two series of 156 and 117 monozygotic (MZ) twin pairs, respectively, there was no difference between genotypes in within-pair variation in systolic or diastolic blood pressure. Thus neither "level gene" nor "variability gene" effects of normal genes at the EDN1 locus could be detected with the polymorphism analyzed, in healthy population samples.     

The biological consequences of replacing hydrophobic amino acids in deltorphin I with amphiphilic α‐hydroxymethylamino acids

Abstract: New analogues of deltorphin I (DT I), in which the Phe residue in position 3, and the Val residue in position 5 or 6 are replaced with respective amphiphilic α‐hydroxymethylamino acid residues (HmAA), were synthesized and tested for receptor affinity and selectivity to μ and δ opioid receptors. The analogue with (R)‐HmPhe at position 3 lost receptor selectivity, as a result of a partial decrease of affinity to δ and a significant increase of affinity to μ receptors. In contrast, an analogue with (S)‐HmPhe in the same position, was very potent and more specific to δ receptors than parent DT I. The analogue with (R)‐HmVal at position 5 expressed higher δ affinity and selectivity than parent DT I. The analogue with other possible isomer (S)‐HmVal was less selective for δ opioid receptors, as a result of decreasing affinity to δ and increasing affinity to μ receptors. The analogues with (R)‐ or (S)‐HmVal in position 6 expressed equally low receptor affinity and selectivity. The data obtained support a previously proposed model of active conformation of deltorphins.     

Vitamin D-dependent rickets type I and type II

Two distinct hereditary defects, vitamin D-dependent rickets type I (VDDR I) and type II (VDDR II), have been recognized in vitamin D metabolism. VDDR I is suggested to be a deficiency of the renal 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D)-1α-hydroxylase. Muscle weakness and rickets are the prominent clinical findings. A normal physiologic dose of 1α-hydroxyvitamin D₃ and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D₃ is sufficient to maintain remission of rickets in this disorder. VDDR II consists of a spectrum of intracellular vitamin D receptor (VDR) defects and is characterized by the early onset of severe rickets and associated alopecia. This can be attributed to mutations in the VDR gene. Massive doses of vitamin D analogs and calcium supplementation is usually required for the treatment; however, the response to therapy is sometimes variable.     

Clinical significance of interstitial collagen deposition at the invading edge in oral cancer: Immunohistochemistry for type I collagen

Background Changes in interstitial collagen in human oral cancer have not yet been fully studied. We examined the relationship between the degree of interstitial collagen deposition at the invading edge of the tumor, and the clinical and pathologic findings in oral squamous cell carcinoma. We also investigated the therapeutic implication of the changes in distribution patterns of collagen deposition by comparing biopsy specimens and surgical specimens. Methods Immunohistochemical staining was performed by the streptavidin-biotin method using antibody against human type I collagen for visualizing interstitial collagen in 50 biopsy and 45 surgical specimens. Results Carcinomas with scanty interstitial collagen in biopsy specimens tended to have highly malignant characteristics. Large carcinomas with scanty deposition both in biopsy and surgical specimens were likely to have positive resection margins in spite of radical surgery. Conclusion Immunostaining patterns for type I collagen of oral squamous cell carcinomas can provide information of importance in determining safe resection margins.     

Serum levels of C3 and Factors I and B in minimal change disease

Abstract Background: Relapses are an important problem in minimal change disease, which accounts for most of the cases of childhood nephrotic syndrome. Because of defects in the humoral immune system, patients are predisposed to infection in nephrotic syndrome and infection is the most important complication that determines mortality and morbidity.
Methods: In this study, serum levels of Factors I and B and C3 were studied to evaluate the relationships between nephrotic syndrome and infection in 17 children with nephrotic syndrome (24–96 months of age) and 10 healthy children (27–84 months of age).
Results: Serum levels of Factors I and B were found to be lowered in the active disease group compared with the control group. These values were lowest for the infection group. Although it was observed that these values increased with steroid treatment, they did not reach normal levels. The parameters in remission were not different from the parameters in the control subjects. The serum level of C3 was found to be high during the active disease state and returned to normal levels during remission.
Conclusions: The patients with active minimal change disease had infections such as peritonitis, septicemia and urinary tract infection because of low concentrations of Factors I and B in their sera.     

Clinical phase I study with one-hour paclitaxel infusion

Background: Paclitaxel (PAC) is one of the major anti-cancer drugs,effective in different tumors. Studies with 24-hour infusion with 135mg/m² and a three-hour infusion with 175 mg/m²showed a significant schedule-dependent toxicity. We evaluated a one-hourinfusion schedule within a phase I study to determine the dose limitingtoxicity (DLT), the maximum tolerated dose (MTD), and the anti-cancerefficacy.Patients and methods: Patients with advanced malignant tumors weretreated within cohorts by one-hour infusional paclitaxel starting with 150mg/m² and stepwise escalation with 25 mg/m²increments. Therapy was repeated in three-week intervals. Cycles wererepeated until progression. Toxicity was closely monitored, anti-cancerefficacy was only evaluated in those patients who received at minimum twotreatment cycles.Results: Thirty-four patients entered the study (11 NSCLC, five SCLC,seven ovarian cancer, one cervix cancer, nine MBC, one HN cancer). The MTDwas PAC 250 mg/m². The DLT was central and peripheralneuropathy (WHO grade 3). Other significant toxicities were fatigue,myalgia/arthralgia and paraesthesia. No significant myelotoxicity wasobserved. Totally twentyone patients were evaluable for response. A partialresponse was observed in five (24%) patients (two NSCLC, two ovariancancer, one head and neck cancer). Three (14%) patients had stabledisease and in 13 (62%) patients progressive disease was observed.Conclusions: Paclitaxel 225 mg/m² on day 1 administered asone-hour infusion and repeated every three weeks can be given safely, featuredno relevant myelotoxicity, and is the recommended dose for phase II studies.     

重亚硫酸盐修饰直接测序技术检测p16基因甲基化的研究

目的建立稳定的重亚硫酸盐直接测序技术，检测p16基因甲基化状况。方法提取正常人全血基因组DNA．建立起稳定的重亚硫酸盐直接测序平台，利用该技术检测结直肠癌细胞株pl6基因甲基化状况。结果应用列联表的Fisher，Exact Test比较3种纯化方法的测序结果，乙醇／醋酸钠和过柱纯化与SAP—ExonI纯化法比较，测序结果差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；应用重亚硫酸盐直接测序技术，可检测出p16基因目的片段中CpG岛所有CpG位点的甲基化状况。结论应用SAP—ExonI纯化法，建立了稳定的重亚硫酸盐直接测序技术，并可检测出目的片段中CpG岛所有CpG位点的甲基化状况。