Comparative nasal absorption of allergens in atopic and nonatopic subjects.

Based on sensitization following intranasal antigen administration, previous investigations have suggested greater absorption of allergens through the nasal mucous membranes of atopic than of nonatopic subjects. In this study mucosal absorption was assessed more directly by determining the capacity of allergens applied intranasally to elicit cutaneous Prausnitz-Küstner (P-K) reactions in nonatopic persons as compared with asymptomatic atopic subjects sensitive to other allergens. Two series of reaginic human serum dilutions were injected intracutaneously in recipients backs, and 48 hours later one series was challenged intracutaneously with test allergen. After the responses had been recorded, concentrated allergenic extract was sprayed into the nose and the second series of P-K sites observed for reactivity. Sometimes these P-K sites were rechallenged intracutaneously the following day to determine passive transfer neutralization. Two allergens were studied: bovine ribonuclease (RNase) and peanut extract. Two sera containing peanut reagins and one with RNase antibodies were each used in 10 to 11 atopic and 9 to 11 nonatopic recipients. The atopic group failed to show greater or more rapid absorption of either allergen through the nose based on the highest serum dilution reacting after nasal challenge. the speed of the reaction, the ratio of the titer by nasal challenge to the intracutaneous titer, or passive transfer neutralization. Controls showed that the results were not influenced by systemic absorption of allergen employed for intracutaneous tests. Drinking the amount of peanut extract applied intranasally did not elicit P-K reactions.     

中国少年智力量表的信度研究

目的：对中国少年智力量表（CISJ）进行信度分析。方法：采用分半相关、Alpha系数和复测相关等方法对CISJ常模样本资料作统计分析。结果：①分半信度：各分测验及言语、操作和总量表的分半相关系数在0．39-0.92之间，其中各常模年龄组样本，城镇为0．39～0.91、农村为0.42～0.92，而城镇总样本、农村总样本和全体样本则分别为0.57-0．88、0.63～0．90和0.61-0.89。②Alpha系数分析：除4个系数偏低（0.29～0．39）外，其余都比较高，在0.41-0.84之间，0．50以上的达到95％。③复测信度：各分测验及言语、操作、智力因素量表分数和智商的相关系数在0.47-0．85之间；除数字背诵分测验为0.47外，其余均在0．69以上。结论：CISJ具有较高的内部稳定性和复测一致性，是信度比较理想的智力量表。     

Trimellitic anhydride-induced airway syndromes: Clinical and immunologic studies

This report describes a spectrum of respiratory symptoms in workers exposed to trimellitic anhydride (TMA), a biologically reactive chemical used in the plastics industry. Fourteen workers who had worked on a unit which synthesized TMA were evaluated by clinical and immunologic methods. Respiratory syndromes induced by TMA inhalation included asthma and rhinitis of the immediate type, late onset asthma with systemic symptoms, and airway irritation. TMA was shown to couple rapidly to human serum albumin, forming an immunoreactive hapten-protein complex. The workers' immunologic reactivity to this complex could be quantitated and correlated with the three respiratory syndromes. The asthma-rhinitis syndrome was mediated by IgE antibody specific for the TMA hapten. The syndrome of late onset asthma with systemic symptoms was accompanied by elevated levels of TMA-specific IgG antibody. Rheumatoid factor in high titer was found in one worker with IgE-mediated asthma and in two workers with asthma of late onset. Lymphocyte reactivity of TMA-HSA was demonstrated in three workers representative of the three clinical syndromes. Leukocyte histamine release was demonstrated to TMA-HSA in one worker with high levels of IgE antibody specific for TMA-HSA who had severe symptoms of acute rhinitis and asthma.     

Growth of diploid cells from breast cancers

Cell cultures were derived from normal and cancerous breast tissues and from metastases by methods that selected for relatively adherent epithelial aggregates. Karyotypic analyses of first or second passage cultures yielded predominantly normal diploid cells. Nonclonal aberrations were more common in tumor-derived than in normal cultures. Three of the cultures that originated from metastases were characterized by abnormal clones. These results support observations based on DNA content, which indicate that a considerable fraction of breast cancers are composed predominantly of diploid cells. They differ greatly from chromosomal findings in long-term cultures of tumor effusions and thus emphasize the karyotypic diversity that can be found in tumors from a single tissue of origin--the breast.     

The aniridia-Wilms tumor association: The critical role of chromosome band 11p13

The role of del (11)(p13) as a cause of aniridia, with and without Wilms tumor, is strengthened by demonstration of this chromosome aberration in 3 patients: monozygous twin girls, both of whom have aniridia and mental retardation and one of whom has a Wilms tumor; and an unrelated boy with aniridia and ambiguous genitalia. The break points defining the interstitial deletion for the twins are 11p13 and 11p15.1, while for the boy they are 11p1302 and 11p14.1. These patients and their karyotypes substantiate the critical importance of chromosome band 11p13 (or its hemizygous representation) in the development of aniridia and an associated Wilms tumor diathesis, as had been suggested previously (Riccardi VM, Sujansky E, Smith AC, Francke U, (1978): Pediatrics 61, 604-610).     

Ultrastructural responses by Golgi apparatus of rat submandibular gland to beta-adrenergic, alpha-adrenergic, and cholinergic stimulation

Rat submandibular gland tissue pieces were stimulated in vitro for 30 min with a beta-adrenergic agent or a cyclic AMP analog to stimulate protein secretion, or with alpha-adrenergic or cholinergic agents or a Ca2+ ionophore to stimulate fluid secretion. Acinar cells were examined by transmission electron microscopy. In control tissue, acinar cells showed little evidence of secretory activity. The Golgi apparatus was sparse and was associated with a few small, immature secretory granules with fine fibrillar contents. Following secretory granule discharge stimulated by isoproterenol or dibutyryl cyclic AMP, acinar cells were constricted, and had extensive basolateral membrane folding and tightly packed rough endoplasmic reticulum. Golgi complexes were prominent and had multiple small granules with filamentous contents. After stimulation of fluid secretion by alpha-adrenergic agents (epinephrine, phenylephrine), or cholinergic agents (acetylcholine, carbachol, pilocarpine), or a Ca2+ ionophore (A23187), the Golgi apparatus had compact concave cisternae enclosing aggregates of tubulovesicles. Acinar cells were distended, basolateral membranes were expanded, and rough endoplasmic reticulum was dilated and vesiculated.     

Cytotoxicity of ionophore A23187 for basophils and other human blood cells.

The calcium ionophore A23187(A23) at concentrations exceeding 1 microgram/ml has been shown to be progressively cytotoxic for human blood basophils, neutrophils, lymphocytes, and erythrocytes. Toxicity to basophils was considered to be manifested by the increasing inability of 2-deoxyglucose (2DG) to inhibit histamine release (HR) at increasing concentrations of A23. The toxicity to neutrophils and lymphocytes was demonstrated by decreased lactate production (LP) after incubation with A23 of Ficoll-Hypaque fractions greatly enriched in each respective cell type. Red cells present in dextran-sedimented leukocytes were increasingly susceptible to lysis during washing subsequent to exposure to increasing concentrations of A23. A concentration of 4 microgram A23/ml, which is cytotoxic at 37 degrees C, produced optimal and noncytotoxic HR at 22 degrees C. It was possible to reduce A23 concentrations required for optimal HR by increasing Ca++ from 0.6 to 3 mM.     

中国狂犬病毒疫苗株（5aG）糖蛋白基因在痘苗病毒中的表达及免疫效果观察

将克隆到的中国狂犬病毒疫苗株（５ａＧ）的糖蛋白基因重组到痘苗病毒ＴＫ区，并在痘苗病毒Ｐ１１启动子的控制下，构建了狂犬－痘苗重组病毒（ＶＶａＧ）。经间接免疫荧光和Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ免疫印染证明，重组病毒ＶＶａＧ能良好地表达狂犬病毒糖蛋白，其分子量约为６６００。用ＶＶａＧ免疫小鼠，７ｄ便可诱生较高的狂犬病毒中和抗体，２１ｄ达４１６９，并能１００％保护狂犬病毒本毒株和国际标准攻击毒（ＣＶＳ）的致死量攻击。