补益心脾法对产后抑郁症患者中医证候积分以及雌、孕激素的影响

目的对以补益心脾法组方的中药进行产后抑郁症的疗效评价及安全性分析,进一步明确中医药治疗抑郁症的疗效、优势及安全性。方法产后抑郁患者属心脾两虚的患者60例,均来自北京中医药大学第三附属医院及其下属的3个社区,随机分为治疗组30例及安慰剂组30例。治疗组采用参芪解郁颗粒,1剂/d;安慰组采用淀粉糊精颗粒,1剂/d,2组疗程均为6周。分别于治疗前及治疗后1周、2周、4周、6周,应用抑郁症中医证候评分量表进行疗效评定,同时测定治疗前后血清雌二醇及孕酮水平。结果中医疗效指数评估临床疗效:治疗组总有效率为86.67%,临床控制率26.67%,安慰剂组总有效率为73.33%,临床控制率10.00%;2组在治疗2、4、6周时的中医证候减分率差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗组及安慰剂组治疗后雌二醇水平均有上升趋势;治疗6周后,治疗组及安慰剂组与自身治疗前相比有统计学意义(P0.05),治疗组疗效优于安慰剂组(P0.05)。治疗组及安慰剂组治疗后血清孕酮水平均有下降趋势,治疗6周后,治疗组及安慰剂组与治疗前相比有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗组与安慰剂组疗效无统计学差异(P0.05)。结论应用补益心脾中药参芪解郁方对产后抑郁心脾两虚证患者进行治疗,能够有效改善患者中医证候评分,降低血清孕酮水平,显著提升血清雌二醇水平,具有起效快、副作用小等优势。     

Current topics relating to autoimmune hepatitis diagnosis and therapy

Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) was first reported by Professor Ian R. Mackay. Environmental factors (such as viral infection), chemical substances (including some drugs) and genetic factors (such as human leukocyte antigen-DR) are believed to participate in the pathogenesis of AIH. Because satisfactory prognosis depends upon the patient being diagnosed with AIH correctly and receiving proper therapy immediately, it isvery important to make a correct diagnosis and perform the suitable therapy as soon as possible. In this review, current topics relating to AIH diagnosis and therapy are summarized.     

益气养阴方对白血病小鼠P~(53)基因表达的影响

益气养阴方浓缩液给L7212白血病小鼠灌胃7d，处死后取新鲜肝脏做切片，应用免疫组化法测肝血窦中白细胞P^53蛋白表达水平，结果显示益气养阴方组P^53蛋白表达明显下降（P＜0．01）。     

贝叶斯公式在突发性聋预后分级判断中的应用

影响突聋预后的因素很多,为寻找一个较完善的预后判断方法,本文在分析99例(122耳)临床资料的基础上发现:1.除既往文献所报道的影响因素外,发病耳数、既往突聋史及发病状态三项因素对预后亦有较大影响;2.应用贝叶斯公式判别分级预后,组内验证准确率为73.9％,组外验证准确率为76％;3.不同的治疗方法未能改变突聋的预后。     

Comparative metabolic study of older infants fed infant formula, transition formula, or whole cow's milk

“Transition” or “follow-up” formulas are formulas distinct in composition from “starter” infant formulas and are used in feeding infants six months of age or older. We have performed metabolic balance studies in nine children between the ages of six and nine months using a randomized double blind cross- over design. Three diets were fed: a cow's milk-based “follow-up” formula (FUF), a standard cow's milk-based infant formula (IF), or whole cow's milk (WCM). Weight gain (g/day) was equivalent among the three groups. Fecal excretion of energy was higher on WCM than on the other two diets, with the only significant difference being between WCM and IF. Fecal excretion of fat was greater on WCM and FUF than IF (20.4%, 17.8%, and 8.4% respectively). Carbohydrate excretion and nitrogen retention were similar on all 3 formulas. Although always normal, serum albumin significantly decreased at the end of the FUF dietary period. Urine osmolality was abnormally high during the WCM period, but always within normal limits while on FUF or IF. Within the context of this study, the FUF had metabolic advantages when compared to WCM but not to the IF.     

Degeneration of tooth germ in the developing dentition of the gray short-tailed opossum (Monodelphis domestica)

The aim of this study was to examine the developmental aspects of the dental lamina and the tooth germ of the marsupial opossum (Monodelphis domestica), and to clarify the dental formula of this animal. Specimens were 12-, 16-, and 18-d-old opossums. 3-D reconstructions were constructed from frontal serial sections. In these animals, the tooth germs of the deciduous maxillary and mandibular canine, deciduous third premolar and first molar, and the deciduous maxillary first incisor and second molar had a successional dental lamina and a replacement tooth germ. The tooth germ of the deciduous maxillary fourth incisor and the mandibular first incisor were reduced. The dental lamina was continuous in each jaw except for the deciduous maxillary first incisor. The first dentition (deciduous dentition) remained as the permanent dentition on the deciduous maxillary first incisor, and the deciduous maxillary and mandibular canine and first molar. The maxillary fourth incisor and the mandibular first incisor were the second dentition (successional dentition). Only the deciduous third premolars were replaced. These results showed monophyodonty caused by both deciduous and replacement tooth germ degeneration.     

Changes in the leukocyte count after pancreatic resection by plasma scalpel and cryodestruction

Department of Experimental Surgery, Methodology Research Center, Department of Operative Surgery with Topographic Anatomy, Russian National Medical University, Moscow. (Presented by Academician of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences B. T. Velichkovskii.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 114, No. 11, pp. 544–546, November, 1992.     

Safety and efficacy of a new extensively hydrolyzed formula for infants with cow's milk protein allergy

Cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) is best treated by complete elimination of cow's milk from the diet. For infants with CMPA who cannot be breast-fed, formulas based on extensively hydrolyzed proteins or on amino acids are the preferred substitutes for cow's milk-based formulas. In this study, we compared the tolerance and growth of infants with CMPA who were fed a new extensively hydrolyzed formula containing lactose (eHF) with those who were fed an amino acid formula (AAF). This was a prospective, multi-center, randomized, reference-controlled study. Seventy-seven infants <12 months old with suspected CMPA were enrolled. In 66 of these, CMPA was confirmed by oral challenge in a double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenge (DBPCFC) or by a medical history of severe allergic reaction to cow's milk and a positive skin prick test. These infants were then tested for their reaction to eHF and AAF in a DBPCFC. All infants tolerated both formulas and were randomized to receive either eHF (n = 34) or AAF (n = 32) for 180 days. Growth (weight, length, and head circumference) and tolerance [skin, gastro-intestinal, and respiratory tract symptoms of allergy] were evaluated after 30, 60, 90, and 180 days. There were no significant differences between the two groups in any of the growth measurements. Length and head circumference were similar to Euro-growth standards, but weight was slightly lower. Gastro-intestinal and respiratory tract symptoms of allergy were also similar in the two groups. However, whereas SCORAD scores for atopic dermatitis remained constant throughout the study in infants-fed eHF, there was a slight decrease in those fed AAF. Infants-fed eHF had significantly fewer incidents of vomiting than infants-fed AAF and a significantly higher frequency of soft stools. The new eHF is safe and well tolerated in infants diagnosed with CMPA.     

Taste preferences and feeding behaviour in children with phenylketonuria on a semisynthetic diet

Low-phenylalanine formula for phenylketonuria (PKU) made from free amino acids as a protein source (AAM formula) has a poor taste and smell. We developed a more palatable formula using low-phenylalanine peptide (LPP) as a protein source. Palatability tests performed by 41 healthy adults confirmed that the palatability of LPP formula was significantly better than that of AAM formula. A group of 48 patients with PKU who had been administered AAM formula since the newborn period were assessed for their preference between the AAM and LPP formulae and their feeding behaviour was compared to that in healthy children. Of patients, 90.9% and 66.6% of healthy infants less than 18 months of age took both formulae without apparent preference, suggesting that sensitivity to taste and smell is more immature in infancy than in later life. Of patients with PKU aged between 18 months and 11 years, 29.1% liked AAM formula rather than the LPP formula, while 66.7% took both formulae without apparent preference. Most healthy children in the same age group who had never previously tasted therapeutic formulae disliked it, although they tended to prefer the LPP formula. Of patients aged between 11 and 17 years, 84.6% preferred the LPP formula while 15.4% preferred the AAM formula. In the controls of this age group, 33% disliked therapeutic formulae, but they tended to prefer the LPP formula. Conclusion In some young children with phenylketonuria the characteristic taste of amino acid mixture formula encountered in early life is considered to be imprinted and remains as a preference for a long time. Since school children with phenylketonuria usually obtain about 50% of their energy intake from natural food containing small amounts of protein, these patients are considered to have come to have similar preferences as healthy people which result from a waning of the imprinted taste of amino acid mixture formula. Received: 15 February 2000 / Accepted: 15 May 2000     

Treatment of infant colic with amino acid-based infant formula: a preliminary study

Infant colic, a common disorder of infancy, is characterized by excessive crying and fussing. In this preliminary study we examined whether Neocate, an amino acid-based formula, would be accepted by formula-fed infants with colic, 3-7 wk of age, and whether Neocate would improve their symptoms. Six infants with colic were studied using Barr-type infant behavior diaries for 3-6 d on their current formula and then for 5-17 d on Neocate exclusively. All infants tolerated Neocate well and all improved, usually within 1-2 d. The total time spent crying and fussing was reduced by an average of 45%, representing a decrease of 1.0 to 5.2 h daily. After colic symptoms improved, infants were challenged with oral doses of 75 mg of bovine IgG at a 1 mg/ml concentration in order to assess its potential role in colic. Bovine IgG challenges resulted in increased crying and fussing behavior, suggesting that this protein may be etiologically important.