植物提取物抗抑郁作用研究进展

抑郁症是较常见的疾病,影响着不同肤色、种族、性别、年龄以及不同经济地位的人们。为寻找更有效的抗抑郁剂,从我国传统植物中,发展安全、有效的抗抑郁剂已经成为了研究热点。目前已经发现不少植物提取物具有抗抑郁作用,它们从不同的方面发挥抗抑郁作用。现就植物提取物的抗抑郁作用及可能的相关机制予以综述。     

Degradation Mechanism and Numerical Simulation of Pervious Concrete under Salt Freezing-Thawing Cycle

In order to explore the occurrence area of pervious concrete freeze-thaw deterioration, the mass loss, strength deterioration, ultrasonic longitudinal wave velocity and dynamic elastic modulus attenuation of pervious concrete under freeze-thaw cycles were measured, and a prediction model of freeze-thaw damage was established. The mechanical properties of hardened cement pastes with the same W/C ratio under freeze-thaw cycles were also measured. Mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) was used to measure the pore structure characteristic parameters and pore size distribution changes of cement paste under freeze-thaw cycle, and the microstructure evolution of interfacial transition zone (ITZ) of paste and aggregate was observed by SEM scanning electron microscopy. Finally, a pervious concrete model was established by DEM to analyze the relationship between the number of freeze-thaw cycles and the mesoscopic parameters. The results indicated that the quality, strength and dynamic elastic modulus of pervious concrete deteriorate to different degrees under the conditions of water freezing and salt freezing. The damage sensitivity and strength loss of freeze-thaw damage is greater than the dynamic elastic modulus loss, which is greater than mass loss. In the pervious concrete paste which underwent 100 freeze-thaw cycles, the pore structure and macro strength had no obvious change, and hardened paste and the aggregate-interface-generated defects increased with the increase in freezing and thawing times, indicating that the deterioration of pervious concrete performance under freeze-thaw cycles was closely related to the deterioration of the interface strength of the aggregate and hardened paste. The pervious concrete model established by DEM can accurately simulate the change of the compressive modulus and the strength of pervious concrete during freeze-thaw cycles.     

山药种质与道地产区的沿革与变迁

山药始载于《神农本草经》,自古以来均来源于薯蓣科植物薯蓣.唐朝以前,山药主要来源于薯蓣的野生品,宋代开始有栽培,但医家认为野生者质量优良,明清以后主要来源于栽培品.随种质的变化,山药在明清以后以河南怀庆的栽培薯蓣为道地.在河南怀庆地区,山药长期的栽培出现品种分化.历代中医药学家均认为山药应以“色白、根细、坚实”为佳.这与现今怀山药的农家栽培品种之一的铁棍山药品质相一致.因此,道地药材“怀山药”不是泛指古怀庆地区（今河南焦作市、济源市和新乡市等地）种植的所有山药农家品种.怀山药的道地药材种质应该是符合中医药学家长期认可的特定农家品种——铁棍山药.     

止眩颗粒对瘀血阻络复制的家兔CSA模型TCD的影响

目的:探讨止眩颗粒对家兔椎动脉型颈椎病(CSA)模型TCD的影响及作用机理。方法:采用瘀血阻络的方法在家兔左侧颈夹肌及头夹肌内注入瘀血9ml,造成局部气血运行受阻,椎动脉供血不足,复制CSA模型。胃肠灌注止眩颗粒、西比灵,通过经颅骨多普勒(TCD)观察药物对模型的影响及作用。结果:止眩颗粒组、西比灵组基底动脉(BA)收缩期血液速度(PEAK)较CSA模型组2周明显增快,有显著性差异;与模型组4周比较,有极显著性差异。止眩颗粒组BA的平均血液速度(MEAN)、舒张期血液速度(DIAS)与模型组4周比较,有极显著性差异。止眩颗粒组LVA、RVA的PEAK、DIAS、MEAN较模型组2周、4周明显增快,有显著或极显著性差异。西比灵LVA的PEAK、DIAS与模型组2周比较,RVA的DIAS、MEAN与模型组2周、4周比较,明显增快,有显著性差异。止眩颗粒组BA的MEAN、LVA的PEAK较西比灵组明显增快,有显著性或极显著性差异。结论:止眩颗粒是通过扩张家兔BA、LVA、RVA,解除血管痉挛,增加血流速度,显著改善脑循环来发挥疗效的,在对家兔TCD的改善上优于西比灵。     

痛泻要方加味配合太宁栓治疗慢性溃疡性直肠炎临床观察

根据慢性溃疡性直肠炎的病因病机和中医辨证与辨病、整体与局部相结合的原则，采用自拟痛泻要方加味口服，配合太宁栓纳肛治疗慢性溃疡性直肠炎37例（治疗组），并与西药柳氮磺吡啶口服配合甲硝唑等保留灌肠治疗的38例（对照组）进行疗效比较。结果显示，治疗组治愈率、总有效率分别为67．6％和100％；对照组分别为36．8％和94．7％。两组治愈率差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05），总有效率差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。随访1年，治疗组治愈率、总有效率分别为62．1％和86．5％，对照组治愈率、总有效率分别为21．1％和55．3％；两组差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结果表明，痛泻要方加味配合太宁栓治疗慢性溃疡性直肠炎具有较好疗效。     

Garcinia cambogia,Either Alone or in Combination With Green Tea,Causes Moderate to Severe Liver Injury

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An Evaluation on Levels of Knowledge,Attitude and Behavior of People at 65 Years and Above About Alternative Medicine Living in Ankara

The aim was to determine the knowledge, attitude and behavioral levels of people at and above 65 years of age, living in Ankara (Turkey) about alternative medicine. The study was carried out between March – April 2010 through survey application of 200 participants by selective random sampling from the population. Data obtained as a result of the survey were analyzed by SPSS program. The study revealed that 83.5% of the participants believed in alternative therapy methods but 16.5% of them did not. It is concluded that herbal therapy methods are the most frequently used methods with a 63% rate among other alternative therapy methods. When status of the participants was analyzed it was found that it was found that 69% received the information about alternative medicines from their family while 53.5% received it from television This study revealed that alternative medicine is profoundly used by people above 65 years of age in Ankara.     

《中药学》与《中国药典》中药名称差异探究

目的:规范中药材(饮片)名称,使处方名称大众化、科学化、合理化,减少因因人、因地而异发生的中药材(饮片)名称差异。方法:参考《中国药品通用名称命名原则》,以《中药学》教材记录的中药材(饮片)品种为基数,与《中国药典》中药材(饮片)进行统计、对比、分析,整理《中药学》教材与《中国药典》收录中药材(饮片)描述不一致的现象。结果:通过对比,本文总结出9方面存在不一致现象。结论:统一中药材(饮片)名称,可使中药更好的服务于临床,减少处方应付差错率,提高中医药疗效,有利于推进我国中药处方的合理化、规范化、统一化,为走向世界奠定基础。