多方式下延续性护理对慢性非萎缩性胃炎患者出院后健康素养、生活质量和复诊率的影响

目的研究多方式下延续性护理对慢性非萎缩性胃炎(CNAG)患者出院后健康素养、生活质量和复诊率的影响。方法选择本院2018年10月至2019年6月诊治的94例CNAG患者作为研究对象,采用信封随机法将患者均分为延续组和常规组,各47例,前者给予多方式下延续性护理,后者给予常规护理。均干预6个月.,比较两组患者健康素养、生活质量以及复诊率。结果干预后两组患者健康素养分值均较干预前显著上升.,延续组患者上升幅度较常规组更显著(P<005);延续组.患者生理功能、生理职能、活力、精神健康、躯体疼痛、总体健康评分均显著高于常.规组(P<005),而情感职能、社会功能与常规组相比差异不显著(P>005);延续组患者复诊率显著高于常规组,但再就诊率与常规组相比差异不显著(P>005)。结论多方式延续性护理可有效提高CNAG患者的健康素养和生活质量,提高复诊率。     

Prevalence and comorbidities of bronchiolitis in adults: A population-based study in South Korea

Bronchiolitis generally refers to inflammation and/or fibrosis of the non-cartilaginous small airways located approximately from the 8th airway generation down to the terminal and respiratory bronchioles. In contrast to young children, the frequency of small airway infection in adult bronchiolitis appears less frequent and a number of other pathophysiological conditions have been implicated in adult bronchiolitis. However, little information is available on the exact medical burden of bronchiolitis such as its prevalence and comorbidities in the adult population. The aim of this study is to elucidate the prevalence and comorbidities of bronchiolitis. We used the Korea National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort, which provides data for 1,000,000 individuals out of the entire population by 2% stratified random sampling according to age, sex, residential area, and level of household income. We defined the cause of bronchiolitis other than acute infection as a patient with diagnostic code J448 or J684 and over 20 years of age who visited a clinic or hospital in South Korea. Then, 1:1 propensity score matching was performed to define a non-bronchiolitis (control) group to compare the comorbidities and mortality in the 2 groups. The overall prevalence of bronchiolitis was 688 cases/1,000,000 population during the study period (95% confidence interval, 625–751). The most common comorbid clinical condition in adults with bronchiolitis was rhinitis (52.3%), followed by bronchial asthma (52.23%), hypertension (43.69%), gastroesophageal reflux disease (30.56%), sinusitis (28.72%), diabetes (22.77%), and osteoporosis (17.85%). Other common bronchiolitis-associated comorbidities were cerebrovascular disease (16.86%), angina (14.37%), peripheral vascular disease (13.42%), congestive heart failure (11.9%), and malignancy in any organ (10.6%). Healthcare costs for bronchiolitis increased steeply during the same period. Malignancy in any organ was the leading cause of mortality in the patient group, followed by bronchiolitis itself. Further larger prospective multiethnic cohort studies should be carried out in the near future.     

个性化的健康指导及技能训练对康复期精神分裂症患者的影响

目的 探讨健康指导及技能训练对康复期精神分裂症患者的影响.方法 对自愿入组的50例患者,每月进行1次健康指导及技能训练,共6次,每次1h.在入组时与入组6个月末分别采用生活质量综合评定问卷(GQOLI)、社会功能缺陷筛选量表(SDSS)及患者服药依从性调查表进行评价和比较.结果 患者入组6个月后生活质量综合评定显著高于入组时(P＜0.05),尤其在躯体功能和社会功能方面,改善更为明显(P＜0.01);SDSS 6个月后评分显著低于入组时(P＜0.05);患者的服药依从性入组后6个月明显优于入组时(P＜0.01).结论 健康指导及技能训练可提高康复期精神分裂症患者的生活质量,进一步改善患者的社会功能,对提高患者的服药依从性,促进患者早日回归社会具有重要作用.     

我院 PIVAS 运行初期药护人员心理健康状况及影响因素分析

目的：分析医院PIVAS初期药护人员心理健康情况,分析影响心理健康的因素。方法对医院PIV-AS运行初期40名药护人员心理健康问题进行调查。并与国内常模组数据进行比较,分析影响心理健康的因素。结果观察组SCL-90评分中躯体化、强迫症状、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑和偏值评分高于常模（P＜0．01）,恐怖、敌对和精神病性评分与国内常模组无差异（P＞0．05）。观察组的SAS、SDS总粗分及标准分均高于国内常模组,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。结论静脉药物配置中心责任及意义重大,同时药护人员的心理健康问题也极为严峻,解决PIVAS药护工作者的心理健康问题势在必行。     

健康促进对产后抑郁症患者生活质量影响的研究

目的 探讨健康促进对产后抑郁症患者生活质量的影响.方法 将182例产后抑郁症患者随机分为实验组与对照组,每组各91例,实验组施行健康促进,对照组只实行常规护理,24 w后采用生活质量量表(SF-36QOL)测定其生活质量.结果 实验组生活质量非常显著高于对照组(P＜0.001).结论 健康促进提高了产后抑郁症患者的生活质量.     

健康教育路径对提高肠造口病人自我护理能力的效果观察

目的 探讨健康教育路径对提高肠造口病人自我护理能力的效果.方法 将83例肠造口病人随机分为观察组(42例)和对照组(41例,),观察组采用肠造口病人健康教育路径方法,对照组采用随机健康教育方法.结果 两组病人在自我护理能力和满意度的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 对肠造口病人采用健康教育路径方法,能提高病人的自我护理能力和满意度.     

Palliative Care Consultation Service and Palliative Care Unit: Why Do We Need Both?

Background.

Palliative care (PC) infrastructure has developed differently around the globe. Whereas some institutions consider the palliative care unit (PCU) a valuable component, others report that the sole provision of a state-of-the art palliative care consultation service (PCCS) suffices to adequately care for the severely ill and dying.

Objective.

To aid institutional planning, this study aimed at gathering patient data to distinguish assignments of a concomitantly run PCU and PCCS at a large hospital and academic medical center.

Methods.

Demographics, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status, symptom/problem burden, discharge modality, and team satisfaction with care for all 601 PCU and 851 PCCS patients treated in 2009 and 2010 were retrospectively analyzed.

Results.

Patients admitted to the PCU versus those consulted by the PCCS: (a) had a significantly worse performance status (odds ratio [OR], 1.48); (b) were significantly more likely to suffer from severe symptoms and psychosocial problems (OR, 2.05), in particular concerning physical suffering and complexity of care; and (c) were significantly much more likely to die during hospital stay (OR, 11.03). For patients who were dying or in other challenging clinical situations (suffering from various severe symptoms), self-rated team satisfaction was significantly higher for the PCU than the PCCS.

Conclusion.

This study presents a direct comparison between patients in a PCU and a PCCS. Results strongly support the hypothesis that the coexistence of both institutions in one hospital contributes to the goal of ensuring optimal high-quality PC for patients in complex and challenging clinical situations.     

Disclosure and health-seeking behaviour following intimate partner violence before and during pregnancy in Flanders, Belgium: a survey surveillance study

OBJECTIVES: The objectives were to estimate the prevalence of physical and sexual intimate partner violence (IPV) among a regional sample of the general obstetric population as the lifetime prevalence, as the 1-year period prevalence before pregnancy, and as the prevalence during the index pregnancy; to assess the rates of disclosure and help-seeking behaviour with IPV; and to determine the acceptability of screening for IPV. STUDY DESIGN: A multi-centred survey surveillance study was carried out among pregnant women attending five large hospitals in the province of East Flanders, Belgium as a regional probability sample of the general obstetric population. Data were collected through an anonymous, written questionnaire that included the Abuse Assessment Screen and additional questions on the circumstances of the most recent episode of physical or sexual violence, on disclosure and help-seeking behaviour, on reporting assault to the police, and on the acceptability of routine screening for IPV. RESULTS: The sampling frame consisted of 1362 women who received the questionnaire at the antenatal service during a 2-month study period, of which 537 (mean age 29.4 years, S.D. 4.09) returned the envelope (response rate 39.4%). The lifetime prevalence of IPV was estimated to be 10.1% (95% CI 7.7-13.0%) and the period prevalence of IPV during pregnancy and/or in the year preceding pregnancy 3.4% (95% CI 2.1-5.4%). There was a significant difference in the reported lifetime prevalence of IPV between women attending with a partner and those who came to the prenatal visit unattended by their partner in particular (6.8% versus 13.9%, p=0.010). Overall, only 19.2% (23 out of 120) and as few as 6.6% (4 out of 61) of the victims of physical and sexual abuse respectively sought medical care by consulting a general practitioner, gynaecologist, or an emergency department. Routine screening for IPV by a general practitioner or gynaecologist was found to be largely acceptable. CONCLUSIONS: In our highly medicalised society, women experiencing partner violence rarely disclose abuse to the widely available health care services, unless they are directly asked about it, which appears an acceptable practice. Hence, there is a definite need to improve women's awareness regarding abuse and their help-seeking behaviour at a public health level.