Substantially reduced incidence of genital warts in women and men six years after HPV vaccine availability in Sweden

BackgroundBetween 2007 and 2011, opportunistic HPV-vaccination was available in Sweden and partially subsidized to girls aged 13–17, reaching a ∼30% overall coverage.MethodsAll Swedish women/men aged 15–44 were followed between 2006 and 2012 for condyloma. Average annual percent changes (AAPCs) in incidence were estimated.ResultsSubstantial decreases were seen in women aged 15–24 from 2008-onwards (AACP-range: −8.5% to −18.5%); similar effects were seen for men aged 15–29 (AACP-range: −7.0% to −16.6%) from 2010-onwards.DiscussionDespite low population vaccination coverage in women and no coverage in men, similar condyloma incidence reductions were observed among men and women, with delays of >1 years in men.     

超薄液基细胞学和人乳头瘤病毒检测在宫颈癌和癌前病变筛查中的价值

目的探讨超薄液基细胞学(TCT)和高危人乳头瘤病毒DNA聚合酶链反应(HR-HPV DNA PCR)检测在宫颈癌及其癌前病变筛选中的价值。方法选取2008年2月至2013年2月查体女工中拟诊宫颈癌需要进行病理活检的480例患者进行TCT和HR-HPV DNA PCR检测,并与病理结果对照,比较TCT、HR-HPV DNA PCR及其联合检测的特异度、灵敏度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值和准确度。结果 TCT、HR-HPV DNA PCR及其联合检测的特异度分别为65.6%、58.8%和92.1%,灵敏度分别为75.4%、85.7%和69.5%,阳性预测值分别为56.6%、44.6%和65.8%,阴性预测值分别为86.8%、85.4%和88.9%,准确度分别为73.4%、60.4%和81.2%。HR-HPV DNA PCR的灵敏度显著高于TCT和联合检测(P<0.05),联合检测的特异度、准确度均显著高于TCT和HR-HPV DNA PCR(P<0.05),TCT和HR-HPV DNA PCR的阳性预测值显著低于联合检测(P<0.05),三者阴性预测值差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 TCT、HR-HPV DNA PCR均能有效筛选宫颈癌及其癌前病变,而联合检测则能使两种检查优势互补,提高诊断的准确度。     

Papillomavirus humain et cancer ORL

Head and neck cancer is frequently associated with alcohol and tobacco consumption but there is an increasing incidence of oropharyngeal carcinoma associated with oncogenic type-16 human papillomavirus (HPV). The clinical profile of these patients is distinct from that of other patients, with an earlier onset, 1/1 male to female sex ratio, cystic cervical nodes. Detection of intratumoral viral DNA is essential to confirm the role of HPV. According to several reports, the prognosis in terms of survival and locoregional control is better in HPV-positive oropharyngeal carcinoma than in HPV-negative oropharyngeal carcinoma or associated with tobacco consumption. The future lies in vaccination of women against cervical cancer but vaccination of boys will be certainly necessary.     

Herd immunity effect of the HPV vaccination program in Australia under different assumptions regarding natural immunity against re-infection

Deterministic dynamic compartmental transmission models (DDCTMs) of human papillomavirus (HPV) transmission have been used in a number of studies to estimate the potential impact of HPV vaccination programs. In most cases, the models were built under the assumption that an individual who cleared HPV infection develops (life-long) natural immunity against re-infection with the same HPV type (this is known as SIR scenario). This assumption was also made by two Australian modelling studies evaluating the impact of the National HPV Vaccination Program to assist in the health-economic assessment of male vaccination. An alternative view denying natural immunity after clearance (SIS scenario) was only presented in one study, although neither scenario has been supported by strong evidence. Some recent findings, however, provide arguments in favour of SIS.     

Communication technologies to improve HPV vaccination initiation and completion: A systematic review

ObjectivesThis systematic review examines the effectiveness of communication technology interventions on HPV vaccination initiation and completion.MethodsA comprehensive search strategy was used to identify existing randomized controlled trials testing the impact of computer-, mobile- or internet-based interventions on receipt of any dose of the HPV vaccine. Twelve relevant studies were identified with a total of 38,945 participants.ResultsThe interventions were delivered using several different methods, including electronic health record (i.e. recall/reminder) prompts, text messaging, automated phone calls, interactive computer videos, and email. Vaccine initiation and completion was greater for technology-based studies relative to their control conditions.ConclusionThere is evidence that interventions utilizing communication technologies as their sole or primary mode for HPV vaccination intervention delivery may increase vaccination coverage.Practice implicationsCommunication technologies hold much promise for the future of HPV vaccination efforts, especially initiatives in practice-based settings.     

Meaningful Methods for Increasing Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Rates: An Integrative Literature Review

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the United States and is a well-known cause of oropharyngeal, cervical, vaginal, vulvar, penile, and anal cancers. Despite the proven efficacy of the HPV vaccine, vaccination rates remain persistently low. Much literature has focused on attitudes toward the HPV vaccine; however, researchers have also investigated strategies clinicians can use to improve vaccination attitudes and acceptance. Such strategies include provider education, vaccine reminder/recall, and chart audit and feedback. The purpose of this integrative review is to uncover the best evidence-based practice interventions, with the aim of improving HPV knowledge, patient–provider conversations, and immunization uptake. This integrative review concludes that multicomponent interventions have a synergistic effect, resulting in increased provider vaccine support, improved patient/parental attitudes toward HPV vaccination, and increased immunization uptake. Such strategies hold much promise for today's pediatric providers as they work to combat current vaccination disparities.     

Papilloma of the Umbilicus

We present an interesting and rare case of umbilical papilloma associated with Carcinoma cervix     

Human papillomavirus (HPV)‐18 E6 oncoprotein interferes with the epithelial cell polarity Par3 protein

High‐risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the principal risk factor for the development of cervical cancer. The HPV E6 oncoprotein has the ability to target and interfere with several PSD‐95/DLG/ZO‐1 (PDZ) domain‐containing proteins that are involved in the control of cell polarity. This function can be significant for E6 oncogenic activity because a deficiency in cell polarisation is a marker of tumour progression. The establishment and control of polarity in epithelial cells depend on the correct asymmetrical distribution of proteins and lipids at the cell borders and on specialised cell junctions. In this report, we have investigated the effects of HPV E6 protein on the polarity machinery, with a focus on the PDZ partitioning defective 3 (Par3) protein, which is a key component of tight junctions (TJ) and the polarity network. We demonstrate that E6 is able to bind and induce the mislocalisation of Par3 protein in a PDZ‐dependent manner without significant reduction in Par3 protein levels. In addition, the high‐risk HPV‐18 E6 protein promotes a delay in TJ formation when analysed by calcium switch assays. Taken together, the data presented in this study contribute to our understanding of the molecular mechanism by which HPVs induce the loss of cell polarity, with potential implications for the development and progression of HPV‐associated tumours.     

派特灵治疗宫颈高危型人乳头瘤病毒感染的临床观察

目的探讨派特灵在高危型人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染的宫颈病变患者中的临床价值。方法2009年6月至2011年6月在南通市妇幼保健院宫颈门诊行宫颈高频电刀电圈切除术治疗，病理学诊断为宫颈上皮内瘤变Ⅱ-Ⅲ级，术后6个月细胞学、阴道镜检查正常而高危型HPV检测阳性未自然转阴患者40例，随机分为治疗组及对照组；治疗组给予派特灵局部上药，对照组不再进行任何干预治疗。停药3、6个月后再次进行细胞学及高危型HPV—DNA检测。结果治疗组停药3、6个月后抗HPV感染的总有效率为90．0％、90．0％，对照组总有效率分别为30．0％、35．0％，治疗组的疗效明显高于对照组（∥分别为3．779、3．751，均P〈0．01），3个月及6个月后治疗组HPV—DNA负荷量均较治疗前明显下降（‰分别为3．606、4．365，均P〈0．01），对照组无明显疗效（U0分别为0．947、1．407，均P0〉0．05），治疗HPV负荷的改善率明显高于对照组（U。=3．653，U2=3．147，均P〈0．01）。结论派特灵可用以治疗高危型HPV感染。