白子菜提取物对SHR大鼠靶器官损伤的保护作用研究

目的 评价白子菜水提物对高血压诱导的组织器官损伤的保护作用.方法 根据基础血压将40只SHR大鼠分成5组:空白对照组(蒸馏水)、阳性对照组(卡托普利,25 mg/kg)、白子菜水提物高、中、低剂量组(2 g生药/kg、1g生药/kg、0.5 g生药/kg),每天灌胃给药,持续7周,每周称重并记录心率1次,第7周末,通过肉眼和显微观察各鼠心、脑、肾和脾脏的外观或病理变化并予以分级评分.结果 经过7周实验,与空白组比较,白子菜高、中剂量组均能明显抑制心肌细胞肥大和肾小球(管)萎缩或代偿性肥大(P＜0.01).高剂量组能显著改善脾脏中央动脉硬化变性现象(P＜0.05),降低左室壁厚/右室壁厚,增加肾皮质厚/肾髓质厚(P＜0.05).而低剂量仅对肾脏病理改变有显著保护作用(P＜0.05).结论 白子菜提取物对高血压引起的主要器官损伤具有明显的保护作用.     

白子菜提取物对急性痛风性关节炎大鼠模型的抗炎免疫作用

【目的】探讨白子菜提取物对急性痛风性关节炎的抗炎免疫作用及机制。【方法】复制急性痛风性关节炎大鼠模型,将72只Wistar大鼠随机分为9组(每组8只):空白组,模型组,秋水仙碱组(剂量为0.2 mg·kg-1·d-1),白子菜水提取物低、中、高剂量组(剂量分别为2.5、5、10 g·kg-1·d-1),白子菜醇提取物低、中、高剂量组(剂量分别为5、10、20 g·kg-1·d-1)。连续灌药7 d后取材,观察各组大鼠关节活动情况(炎症指数、功能障碍指数、足肿胀度),采用酶联免疫吸附(ELISA)法检测血清白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平,定量聚合酶链反应(q PCR)法检测单核细胞半胱天冬酶-1(caspase-1)、凋亡相关斑点样蛋白(ASC)、NLRP3炎性体(NLRP3)表达,并分析其关系。【结果】各药物处理组对急性痛风性关节炎大鼠活动障碍均有缓解作用;秋水仙碱组TNF-α表达水平显著低于模型组(P<0.05);秋水仙碱组及白子菜醇提取物中剂量组IL-1β、caspase-1、ASC、NLRP3表达水平显著低于模型组(P<0.05);IL-1β与caspase-1、ASC、NLRP3存在显著相关性,TNF-α与ASC存在显著相关性(P<0.05)。【结论】秋水仙碱及中剂量白子菜醇提物能通过抑制NLRP3炎性体的表达,从而抑制IL-1β相关的炎性过程,发挥其抗炎免疫作用。     

菊三七组织培养的研究

目的　探讨菊三七诱导愈伤组织的过程 ,为快速繁殖幼苗奠定基础。方法　以菊三七的根、茎、叶为外植体 ,采用 MS培养基 ,附加不同的植物激素进行实验。结果　以菊三七的叶片为外植体 ,在培养基 MS 1.0 mg/ LNAA 4 .0 m g/ L 6- BA上 ,愈伤组织诱导率可达 64%。愈伤组织在适宜的分化培养基上 ,成苗率可达 86.7%。结论　通过诱导愈伤组织的途径 ,可以达到快速繁殖菊三七的目的     

菊三七组织培养的研究

目的　探讨菊三七诱导愈伤组织的过程 ,为快速繁殖幼苗奠定基础。方法　以菊三七的根、茎、叶为外植体 ,采用 MS培养基 ,附加不同的植物激素进行实验。结果　以菊三七的叶片为外植体 ,在培养基 MS 1.0 mg/ LNAA 4 .0 m g/ L 6- BA上 ,愈伤组织诱导率可达 64%。愈伤组织在适宜的分化培养基上 ,成苗率可达 86.7%。结论　通过诱导愈伤组织的途径 ,可以达到快速繁殖菊三七的目的     

Hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome caused by the ingestion of Gynura segetum in a patient with alcoholic cirrhosis: a case report

Hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (HSOS) is a rare hepatic vascular disorder characterized by intrahepatic congestion, liver injury, and post-sinusoidal portal hypertension, and it is frequently associated with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. In this study, we observed a case of HSOS associated with the ingestion of Gynura segetum, a pyrrolizidine alkaloid (PA)-containing Chinese herb, in a patient with alcoholic cirrhosis. The patient was a 43-year-old man with chief complaints of physical asthenia and a loss of appetite for more than a month. The diagnosis of HSOS combined with alcoholic cirrhosis was confirmed via the histopathological examination of liver tissues. With proper supportive and symptomatic care and anticoagulation therapy using low-molecular-weight heparin, the patient’s condition was stabilized. Because of its nonspecific symptoms in the early stage and a lack of information about PA consumption, PA-induced HSOS (PA-HSOS) has been long neglected, especially in patients with underlying liver diseases. Early identification and intervention are critical for optimizing outcomes. Further efforts are needed to supervise the use of PA-containing herbal medicines and identify accurate biomarkers for PA-HSOS.     

尼泊尔菊三七的离体快繁技术研究

目的依据尼泊尔菊三七野生资源开发利用情况,以尼泊尔菊三七的茎段为外植体,建立其离体快繁体系。方法通过正交设计法,添加不同浓度激素[6-苄氨基嘌呤(6-BA)和萘乙酸(NAA)]、无机元素和活性炭,建立包括丛生芽诱导、生根、壮苗以及移栽的离体快繁体系。结果用75%乙醇和0.1%升汞对外植体消毒的时间分别为20 s,6 min;尼泊尔菊三七离体快繁的最佳增殖培养条件为MS+萘乙酸0.5 mg/L+6-苄氨基嘌呤1.0 mg/L+蔗糖30 g/L+琼脂5.0 g/L,pH=6.0;壮苗生根的最佳培养条件是1/2 MS+萘乙酸0.5 mg/L+6-苄氨基嘌呤1.0 mg/L+蔗糖30 g/L+活性炭2.0 g/L+琼脂5.0 g/L,pH=6.0;移栽期间的最佳基质是腐殖土∶木炭土=3∶2。结论成功建立尼泊尔菊三七离体快繁体系,为将来大规模生产奠定了基础。     

灵菊七的急性毒性与降糖作用研究

目的观察灵菊七的降血糖作用及安全性。方法以不同剂量的灵菊七醇提、水提物给小鼠连续ig给药1/d×4,实验性糖尿病模型用肾上腺素、葡萄糖塑造;急毒实验以4.62g.ml-1灵菊七生药1ml分别给20只小鼠ig。观察14d,记录小鼠毒性反应情况。结果灵菊七醇提、水提物对葡萄糖、肾上腺素所致的小鼠高血糖均有明显的抑制作用。该药给小鼠口服ig,其最大耐受量大于230.6g.kg-1,相当于成人日用量的512倍。结论灵菊七具有降血糖作用,毒性极小,口服安全。     

Chemoprevention of colonic aberrant crypt foci by Gynura procumbens in rats

Ethnopharmacological relevance

Gynura procumbens is commonly used as a traditional medicinal plant in Malaysia for treatment of many diseases. To investigate the chemopreventive properties of Gynura procumbens on azoxymethane (AOM)-induced aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in rats.

Methods

Five groups of adult male rats were used in this experiment. Normal/control group; the rats were injected subcutaneously with 15 mg/kg of sterile normal saline once a week for two weeks, and orally administered with 10% Tween 20 (5 mL/kg). Carcinogen and treatment groups; the rats were injected subcutaneously each with 15 mg/kg body weight AOM once a week for 2 weeks and were continued to be fed for two months, respectively with 10% Tween 20, 500 and 250 mg/kg body weight plant extracts. Reference group; the rats were injected subcutaneously with 15 mg/kg body weight AOM once a week for 2 weeks, and injected intraperitoneally with fluorouracil 35 mg/kg body weight for five consecutive days.

Result

Total ACF detected in methylene blue stained whole mounts of rat colon were 21, 23and 130 in rats fed with 500, 250 mg/kg body weight treatment and carcinogen groups, respectively. Treatment with high and low doses of the plant extract led to83.6% and 82.2% decrease in the total crypts in the groups fed 500 mg/kg and 250 mg/kg Gynura procumbens respectively compared to carcinogen group. Immunohistochemical staining of ACF showed suppressed azoxymethane induced colonic cell proliferation and Bcl-2 expression. Glutathione-S-transfarase and superoxide dismutase activities were higher in treated rats compared to carcinogen groups.

Conclusion

Gynura procumbens reduced the incidence of AOM induced ACF. The findings showed that Gynura procumbens may have antiproliferative and antioxidative properties. Moreover, Gynura procumbens possesses the medicinal properties to prevent colon cancer.     

白子菜对HepG2细胞胰岛素抵抗作用的分子机制

目的:观察白子菜对胰岛素抵抗人肝癌Hep G2细胞的胰岛素受体(insulin receptor,InsR),葡萄糖转运蛋白4(glucose transporter4,GLUT4)mRNA表达和蛋白激酶B(protein kinase B,PKB),糖原合成激酶-3β(glycogen synthase kinase-3β,GSK-3β)蛋白表达的影响,探讨其干预胰岛素抵抗的分子机制。方法:用胰岛素诱导Hep G2细胞使其产生胰岛素抵抗,实验分为空白组,模型组,白子菜水提物(Gynura divaricata hot water extracts,GDE)高、低质量浓度(1.0,0.5 g·L-1)组,白子菜总黄酮(G.divaricata flavonoids,GDF)高、低质量浓度(0.2,0.1 g·L-1)组,白子菜总生物碱(G.divaricata alkaloid,GDA)高、低质量浓度(0.1,0.05 g·L-1)组,二甲双胍(1×10-3mol·L-1)组,葡萄糖氧化酶法检测Hep G2细胞培养液上清液中葡萄糖的含量,实时荧光定量聚合酶反应(Real-time PCR)检测Hep G2细胞InsR,GLUT4 mRNA表达,蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot)检测Hep G2细胞PKB,GSK-3β的蛋白表达。结果:与模型组比较,1.0,0.5 g·L-1GDE组上清液葡萄糖含量极显著降低(P0.01),0.2 g·L-1GDF组上清液葡萄糖含量显著降低(P0.05);GDE,GDF组InsR,GLUT4的mRNA表达显著增加(P0.05);GDE组PKB的蛋白表达显著增加(P0.05),GSK-3β的蛋白表达显著降低(P0.05),GDF组PKB的蛋白表达极显著增加(P0.01),GSK-3β的蛋白表达极显著降低(P0.01)。结论:白子菜可改善胰岛素抵抗Hep G2细胞对葡萄糖的摄取,其机制可能与上调胰岛素抵抗Hep G2细胞InsR,GLUT4 mRNA表达和PKB的蛋白表达及降低GSK-3β的蛋白表达相关。     

3种药物诱导肝小静脉闭塞病小鼠模型的比较

肝小静脉闭塞病(hepatic veno-occlusive disease,HVOD)发病机制尚不明确,HVOD模型建立对研究疾病的发生机制极其重要.DeLeve等[1]用野百合碱给小鼠灌胃(160 mg/kg),建立急性静脉闭塞性疾病(VOD)模型,一定程度上避免了野百合碱肺毒性所产生的偏倚[2-3].高新生等[4]利用土三七生物碱成分予小鼠隔日灌胃,成功建立慢性VOD模型,但未对模型进行病理学评分.目前鲜见用土三七进一步改善造模方法的报道,本实验通过多种药物诱导HVOD发生,比较各种模型的优缺点,为HVOD研究提供稳定、可靠的动物模型.