开展全程化药学服务,促进抗菌药物合理应用

目的探讨促进抗菌药物合理应用的有效途径。方法分析和评价全程化药学服务在促进抗菌药物合理应用中的作用。结果全程化药学服务是促进抗菌药物合理应用的有效途径。结论医院药学应积极开展全程化药学服务,以促进抗菌药物合理应用,使有限的抗菌药物资源得到最大限度的利用。     

射贝止咳口服液制备工艺的研究

目的确定射贝止咳口服液的最佳制备工艺条件.方法采用4因素、三水平正交设计法,以组方中的射千总黄酮含量、浸膏率为指标,筛选影响射贝止咳口服液水提醇沉工艺的因素.结果射贝止咳口服液的最佳工艺条件为:第1次、第2次加水分别为1 0倍量、8倍量,浸泡30 min,煎煮2 h,煎煮2次,醇沉浓度为60%.结论该制备工艺科学合理、质量稳定,为射贝止咳口服液的最佳制备工艺.     

The role of nigral and thalamic output pathways in the expression of oral stereotypies induced by amphetamine injections into the striatum

Microinjections of amphetamine into the ventrolateral striatum (VLS) elicit a striking behavioral syndrome characterized by compulsive oral and forelimb motor stereotypies. The neural pathways that mediate these behavioral responses downstream from the striatum have not yet been identified. In a series of experiments, we investigated the involvement of the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr) and the ventromedial nucleus of the thalamus (VMT) in the mediation of this behavioral syndrome. We demonstrated that lidocaine-induced reversible inactivation of the SNr reduced amphetamine-induced stereotyped biting and gnawing behaviors, suggesting that the nigral output pathway plays a significant role in the expression of these behavioral responses. In turn, injections of lidocaine into the VMT only transiently reduced amphetamine-stimulated biting and increased stereotyped gnawing and paw nibbling, suggesting that the expression of oral stereotypies induced by amphetamine injections into the VLS is not dependent on thalamocortical feedback.     

急性鼻窦炎模型大鼠服用鼻渊舒口服液后血清中锌离子浓度的变化研究

目的 :探讨鼻渊舒口服液对大鼠实验性急性化脓性鼻窦炎的治疗情况及其作用机理 ,为临床推广应用中医药治疗鼻窦炎提供实验依据。方法 :采用向大鼠上颌窦腔内注射金黄色葡萄球菌混悬液法 ,建立实验性急性化脓性鼻窦炎模型。结果 :实验性急性化脓性鼻窦炎大鼠一般情况较差 ,鼻渊舒口服液低、中剂量治疗后症状明显改善。其中鼻渊舒中剂量提高了模型大鼠血清锌离子浓度。鼻渊舒口服液高剂量组无明显改善。结论 :推测适宜浓度范围的鼻渊舒口服液通过调整体内微量元素锌离子浓度 ,从而来调节机体新陈代谢 ,增强机体免疫功能等作用达到有效地治疗鼻窦炎的目的。     

Myocutaneous v/s micro vascular free flaps in oral cavity reconstruction - a comparative study

Micro vascular free tissue transfer scores over the traditional myocutaneous flaps by providing better cosmesis and function. However, the increased operating tine and costs and the necessity for two operating teams sometimes, negate these advantages and even where this facility is freely available, myoentancous flaps continue to be widely used. To determine the ideal choice of reconstruction in patients after oral resection, we compared our experience with these two methods of reconstruction. Since 1997, when we first started micro vascular reconstruction, 17 patients have undergone this procedure for oral reconstruction. During this same period, 40 patients had pectoralis major myocutaneous flap reconstruction of the oral cavity. These two groups are compared with regard to cosmetic and functional results (as measured by patient’s level of satisfaction) operating time, duration of hospitalization, cost and complications. Results: Eightv seven percent of the patients in the micro vascular group and 75% in the myocutaneous group were satisfied with the cosmetic and functional results. In the microvascular group, average operating time was increased by 4 hours; hospitalization by 3 days and average cost of treatment was doubled. Flap failures and re-explorations were significantly higher in the micro vascular group. Based on these results, we would like to suggest the ideal method of reconstruction of the oral cavity in specific subgroups of patients in a corporate hospital setting.     

液基薄层细胞检测及TBS分类在宫颈癌筛查中的应用

目的 :对液基薄层细胞检测系统 Autocyte Prep L iquid based Cytology Test (L CT)及 the Bethesda sytem(TBS)细胞学分类法在宫颈癌筛查中的应用价值进行综合评价。方法 :采用液基薄层细胞检测系统检测宫颈细胞并进行 TBS细胞学分类诊断 ,将诊断意义不明的不典型鳞状细胞 (ASCUS)以上病变均列为阳性病例 ,且在阴道镜下行活检 ,将细胞学检测结果与活检结果作对比分析。结果 :液基薄层细胞检测法标本满意率 95 % ,180 0例涂片中阳性病例 76例 ,阳性率 4 .2 2 % (76 / 180 0 ) ,对 76例异常者行阴道镜下活检与组织病理学诊断总符合率 81.5 % (6 2 / 76 )。结论 :L CT技术应用于宫颈细胞涂片筛查 ,明显提高了涂片的满意率及宫颈异常细胞检出率。 TBS报告方式内容直观、易懂、具体。 L CT检查异常的病例配合阴道镜病理检查进行最后诊断 ,能及早发现宫内早期病变 ,是防治宫颈癌发生的关键     

How well do parents know their children? implications for proxy reporting of child health-related quality of life

OBJECTIVES: This study examined parental knowledge of their children's oral-health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) (Objective 1), and the effects of different analytical techniques to manage 'Don't know' (DK) responses on the validity and reliability of the questionnaire (Objective 2) and the level of agreement between parental and child reports (Objective 3). METHODS: The parental (PPQ) and child (CPQ11-14) components of the Child Oral Health Quality of Life Questionnaire were used. Objectives 1 and 2 were addressed in the study that involved 221 parents and Objective 3 in the study that involved 63 pairs of parents and children. Four methods for treating DK responses in the PPQ were tested: listwise deletion, item mean imputation, imputation of the value zero and adjustment of scores to account for items with DK responses. RESULTS: Respectively, 26 and 11% of the parents gave > or = 3 and 6 > or = DK responses to 33 items comprising the PPQ. DK responses were associated with child's age and clinical condition, and parental gender. The methods of managing DK responses did not have differing effects on the measurement properties of the PPQ and the level of agreement between parents and children. CONCLUSION: Some parents have limited knowledge concerning their children's OHRQoL. However, given that parental and child reports are measuring different realities, information provided by parents is useful even if it is incomplete.     

口腔颌面部肿瘤细胞Fas和Apo2.7表达及临床意义

目的探讨口腔颌面部恶性肿瘤细胞凋亡因子Fas和Apo2.7的表达及临床意义。方法对56例不同临床期别及组织学类型的口腔颌面部恶性肿瘤细胞Fas和Apo2.7表达进行了流式细胞学定量研究并进行其分布分析。结果56例口腔颌面部恶性肿瘤Fas及Apo2.7表达含量变化范围分别为12.17%±5.49%和15.12%±7.31%,其中Fas表达含量高于阳性界值者36例,占64.29%;Apo2.7表达含量高于阳性界值者38例,占67.86%。其中Fas和Apo2.7表达同时阳性者34例,占60.71%,同时阴性者14例,占25.00%。不同组织学类型卵巢癌细胞Fas及Apo2.7表达无显著性差异(P>0.05);Fas及Apo2.7表达与组织学分型无显著相关。Fas及Apo2.7表达与临床分期和预后也有一定的关系,Ⅱ及Ⅲ期口腔颌面部恶性肿瘤组织细胞Fas及Apo2.7含量均明显低于Ⅰ期;恶性组肿瘤Fas及Apo2.7表达同时阴性者3年和5年生存率比Fas及Apo2.7表达同时阳性者显著下降。结论对口腔颌面部恶性肿瘤组织细胞Fas及Apo2.7的检测,有助于预测病情进展程度和淋巴结转移的趋势以及评估预后。     

老年住院患者口服药使用情况调查

目的：了解某医院老年住院患者口服药使用情况，并调查不良药物相互作用发生情况。方法：随机抽取2002年9月2日、9月11日及9月27日住院者中＞60岁老年患者摆药单452份，统计患者的基本情况及口服药应用种类，使用《合理用药软件系统》2002版检查每份摆药单中存在的药物相互作用。结果：超过40％的老年患者口服6种以上的药物；117份病例存在中度的不良药物相互作用，26份存在严重的相互作用。结论：该院老年住院患者口服药使用种类过多，产生不良药物相互作用情况较多，部分病例中存在可能危及生命的药物联合应用。     

对收容教育所妇女口腔牙周、黏膜感染的调查

目的了解2001年深圳市收容教育所被收容教养的妇女性传播疾病(STDs)流行情况,以及高危人群的口腔牙周、黏膜感染状况。方法收集整理2001年被收容教养的妇女体检及实验室检测资料,并作流行病学分析,牙周疾病、口腔黏膜病感染状况检查,以世界卫生组织1987年公布的标准。结果302例收容教育所妇女中,共检出性病60例,检出率19.8%,牙龈炎的发病率57.4%,牙结石检出率25.8%,早期牙周疾病患病率4.96%;晚期牙周疾病患病率0.99%;口腔黏膜异常2.3%。结论收容教育所妇女是性病传播的主要传染源,提示口腔医务人员从职业角度需要采取有效措施,保护自身及患者的健康;加强医院感染的控制。