Oral pseudomonas aeruginosa immunization enhances survival in mice subsequently burned and infected with P. aeruginosa

Mice fed 0 serotype-specific strains of P. aeruginosa for two weeks, had increased titers of IgM but not IgG antibodies to the strains fed. Immunized mice, burned and infected with P. aeruginosa, showed significant 0 serotype-specific enhanced survival. Survival of mice fed several 0 serotype-specific strains simultaneously increased when these mice were burned and infected with P. aeruginosa homologous to those fed except when a high exotoxin A producing strain was used. Mice fed purified exotoxin A showed an increased LD₅₀ when injected with graded toxin doses. Feeding both 0 serotype-specific P. aeruginosa plus exotocin A increased survival even with burn and infection using the high toxin producing strain. We conclude that feeding P. aeruginosa antigens provides successful immunization which avoids the effects of parental adminstration.     

Citrate and recurrent idiopathic calcium urolithiasis

Summary In idiopathic recurrent calcium urolithiasis (RCU) in men (n=37) the metabolic effects of oral tripotassium citrate (PC) were investigated in a longitudinal field study. The patients were either normo- (n=22) or hypocitraturic (n=15). Laboratory examinations were performed before, and after 3, 6, and more than 12 months of medication. Acceptance of PC was poor, mainly because of the salty taste of the tablet preparation chosen, and a number of participants dropped out of the study. In the remaining participants, compliance was acceptable when evaluated on the basis of urinary potassium and undesired side effects did not occur. In the short term (up to 3 months), PC evoked compensated metabolic alkalosis (pH and citrate in urine increased; blood gases remained normal), a drop in urinary calcium, together with increasing oxaluria, hydroxyapatite supersaturation, and calcium phosphate crystalluria. In the long term (>12 months) PC urinary pH and citrate dissociated, in that pH returned to pretreatment baseline values, whereas citrate stayed at high levels. In normocitraturics but not in hypocitraturics, urinary urea and sodium in creased with PC. Hypocitraturics appeared to be less sensitive to the effects of PC, as reflected by the relatively small rise in urinary pH and citrate, and they maintained higher mean levels of indicators of bone metabolism (osteocalcin, alkaline phosphatase, hydroxyproline) despite continuous administration of PC. It was concluded that although the PC tablet preparation was effective it may not be an ideal anti-stone drug treatment in the long term and that, especially in hypocitraturiecs, the intrinsic metabolic defect of RCU may not be sufficiently well controlled.     

高效液相色谱法测定冠心五号合剂中芍药苷的含量

目的：测定冠心五号合剂中芍药苷的含量。方法：高效液相色谱(HPLC)法测定。结果：平均回收率97．2％，RSD 1．94％。结论：该方法简便、准确、重复性好。     

通脉口服液治疗慢性肾炎气虚血瘀证32例疗效观察

目的：探讨纯中药制剂通脉口服液对慢性肾炎的治疗作用。方法：按要求选择62例患者，随机分为2组，治疗组32例给予通脉口服液（含黄芪、三七等），对照组30例给予金水宝口服液。疗程均为6月。观察用药前后2组患者临床症状以及肾功能、尿蛋白、免疫功能、血液流变学及血脂变化情况。结果：治疗组总有效率93．75％，对照组总有效率60．0％；2组疗效比较，差异有非常显著性意义（P＜0．01）。结论：通脉口服液可以明显地改善患者的临床症状，具有改善肾功能，减少尿蛋白含量、调整免疫功能、改善血液流变学、降低血脂等作用。     

口腔溃复平膜剂的研究

目的：优选口腔溃复平膜剂（黄柏，龙胆草，青黛等）最佳处方。建立膜剂中盐酸小檗碱含量的测定方法。方法：以膜剂外观和融化时间为指标。采用L9（3^4)正交试验筛选处方，反相液相色谱法测定膜剂中盐酸小檗碱的含量。结果：膜剂最佳处方为：中药提取液40mL,PVA0.588:PVA1788为4：1.5，甘油含量8%，CMC-Na0.25g；测定方法中盐酸小檗碱的平均回收率为97.7%。结论：膜剂的外观（包括可塑性，粘附性及抗拉强度）和融化时间等指标均符合质量标准的要求，采用反相液相色谱法可有效控制溃复平膜剂中盐酸小檗碱的含量。     

HPLC法测定银黄口服液中绿原酸和黄芩苷的含量

目的 :建立HPLC法测定银黄口服液 (金银花 ,黄芩 )中绿原酸和黄芩苷含量的方法。方法 :采用LUNAC1 8(2 )色谱柱 ,乙腈 0 .1 %磷酸溶液为流动相 (梯度洗脱 ) ,流速为 1 .0mL·min- 1 ,检测波长为 31 8nm。结果 :绿原酸线性范围为0 .2 568～ 2 .0 544μg ,平均回收率 =97.7% ,RSD =0 .8% ;黄芩苷线性范围为 0 .9896～ 7.91 68μg ,平均回收率 =98.0 % ,RSD =0 .9%。结论 :该方法简便、可靠、准确 ,可用于该制剂的质量控制。     

壳聚糖絮凝法用于脑清口服液澄清工艺的探讨

目的：探讨壳聚糖絮凝法代替乙醇沉淀法用于脑清口服液(葛根，黄芪等)制备的可行性。方法：考察两种澄清法的沉淀效果、过滤难易、对主要有效成分含量影响并对稳定性进行了比较。结果：壳聚糖絮凝法与酵沉法同样能使药液澄清，前者能更有效地保留药液中的有效成分，又能保证制剂的稳定性，缩短生产周期，降低成本。结论：壳聚糖絮凝法可代替乙醇沉淀法用于脑清口服液的澄清工艺。     

玉屏风口服液的质量标准研究

目的：建立玉屏风口服液(黄芪、防风、白术)的质量标准。方法：用薄层色谱法对黄芪、防风、白术进行了定性鉴别；用高效液相色谱—蒸发光散射检测器(HPLC—ELSD)法测定了口服液中黄芪甲苷的含量。结果：定性鉴别分离度好，专属性强：含量测定黄芪甲苷的平均加样回收率为97．75％，RSD为1．31％。结论：方法简便准确、灵敏度高，可用于玉屏风口服液的质量控制。     

利咽口服液对实验性慢性咽炎病理形态学的影响

目的：观察利咽口服液对慢性咽炎动物模型咽部病理形态的影响。方法：采用光镜对利咽口服液高、中、低治疗组及模型组、阳性对照组动物的咽部组织进行了观察。结果：模型动物咽部上皮内可见灶性或弥漫性炎细胞浸润(主要为淋巴细胞、单核细胞)；上皮层轻度增厚，钉突延长，血管明显扩张、充血、纤维组织增生；经利咽口服液治疗，动物咽部的慢性炎症明显减轻或趋于正常，且以中、高剂量组为明显。结论：利咽口服液对慢性咽炎有较好的治疗作用。其作用可能是通过抗炎、改善咽部血管通透性、减轻炎性渗出、抑制组织增生等多途径来实现的。