咖啡酸对神经毒素MPP+诱发大鼠小脑颗粒细胞凋亡的保护作用

目的:探讨咖啡酸(CA) 是否对1-甲基-4-苯基吡啶离子(1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion, MPP ) 诱导的大鼠小脑颗粒细胞凋亡具有保护作用.方法: 用咖啡酸孵育大鼠小脑颗粒细胞, 经MPP 处理后, 用MTT法测定细胞存活率, 荧光法检测caspase-3的活性.结果:咖啡酸对MPP 致小脑颗粒细胞存活率降低和caspase-3活性增强具有很好的抑制作用,并呈现稳定的量效和时效关系.结论:咖啡酸对MPP 诱导小脑颗粒细胞凋亡具有明显的保护作用.     

何首乌提取物对人乳腺癌细胞脂肪酸合酶的抑制研究

目的 研究何首乌提取物对人乳腺癌MCF7细胞脂肪酸合酶(fatty acid synthase，FAS)的抑制作用。方法 MTT法测定人乳腺癌MCF7细胞增殖速度，采用超速离心技术部分纯化人乳腺癌MCF7细胞FAS。不同浓度何首乌提取物与FAS相互作用不同时间后，加入底物，用分光光度法观察何首鸟提取物对FAS的抑制作用。结果 何首鸟提取物对人乳腺癌MCF7细胞的增殖有一定的抑制作用。人乳腺癌MCF7细胞FAS被部分纯化，三种浓度何首乌提取物(0．1，0．5，1g／L)与FAS在催化前相互作用0、5和10min，对FAS活性的抑制率分别为24．60％、27．30％、and42．75％(0．1g／L)；43．50％、50．30％、and94．03％(O．5g／L)；98．60％、97．30％ and97．05％(1g／L)。结论 何首乌提取物对人乳腺癌MCF7细胞FAS具有抑制作用；作用强度既依赖于抑制剂浓度，又依赖于抑制剂与酶相互作用时间。     

小麦胚营养价值的研究

对小麦胚进行了营养成分分析以及动物试验。小麦胚蛋白质含量高,氨基酸比值亦较理想。多不饱和脂肪酸的含量为67.23%,多不饱和脂肪酸/饱和脂肪酸(P/S)为3.89。动物试验可见麦胚组大鼠食量大,体重增长快,蛋白质功效比值与对照组无差别。蛋白质的真消化率低于对照组,生物学价值高于对照组,净蛋白质利用率与对照组无显著差异。     

Dried Plum’s Polyphenolic Compounds and Carbohydrates Contribute to Its Osteoprotective Effects and Exhibit Prebiotic Activity in Estrogen Deficient C57BL/6 Mice

Evidence of dried plum’s benefits on bone continues to emerge. This study investigated the contribution of the fruit’s polyphenol (PP) and carbohydrate (CHO) components on a bone model of postmenopausal osteoporosis to explore their prebiotic activity. Osteopenic ovariectomized mice were fed diets supplemented with dried plum, a crude extract of dried plum’s polyphenolic compounds, or the PP or CHO fraction of the crude extract. The effects of treatments on the bone phenotype were assessed at 5 and 10 weeks as well as the prebiotic activity of the different components of dried plum. Both the CHO and PP fractions of the extract contributed to the effects on bone with the CHO suppressing bone formation and resorption, and the PP temporally down-regulating formation. The PP and CHO components also altered the gut microbiota and cecal short chain fatty acids. These findings demonstrate that the CHO as well as the PP components of dried plum have potential prebiotic activity, but they have differential roles in mediating the alterations in bone formation and resorption that protect bone in estrogen deficiency.     

Clinical Evidence of the Benefits of Phytonutrients in Human Healthcare

Phytonutrients comprise many different chemicals, including carotenoids, indoles, glucosinolates, organosulfur compounds, phytosterols, polyphenols, and saponins. This review focuses on the human healthcare benefits of seven phytochemical families and highlights the significant potential contribution of phytonutrients in the prevention and management of pathologies and symptoms in the field of family health. The structure and function of these phytochemical families and their dietary sources are presented, along with an overview of their potential activities across different health and therapeutic targets. This evaluation has enabled complementary effects of the different families of phytonutrients in the same area of health to be recognized.     

外企员工中患脂肪肝、高血糖、高血压、高脂血症情况的分析

目的了解外企员工中高血压、脂肪肝、血脂、高血糖的情况,为做好预防保健提供参考。方法回顾性统计天津国际旅行卫生保健中心2005-2006年外资企业员工体检结果并进行分析。结果四种疾病检出率男性均高于女性。结论经统计学分析,高脂肪肝、高脂血症性别之间存在显著性差异,而高血压、高血糖无显著性差异。     

Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Their Interaction with the Gut Microbiome in the Prevention and Amelioration of Type-2 Diabetes

Type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is often linked with hyperglycemia, disturbed lipid profiles, inflammation, and gut dysbiosis. Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation has a vital role in the management of T2DM. As a result, a better understanding of the potential role of omega-3 fatty acids in the development and progression of T2DM by influencing the intestinal microflora will help to improve the therapeutic intervention for T2DM and related complications. Focusing on the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways induced by omega-3 fatty acids, this paper attempts to comprehensively review and discuss the putative associations between omega-3 fatty acids, gut dysbiosis, and the pathophysiology of T2DM and its related comorbidities. In addition, we contemplate the importance of gut microbiota in T2DM prevention and treatment and ponder the role of omega-3 fatty acids in T2DM by positively modulating gut microbiota, which may lead to discovery of novel targets and therapeutic strategies thereby paving way for further comprehensive, mechanistic, and clinical studies.     

The Impact of Omega-3 Supplements on Non-Surgical Periodontal Therapy: A Systematic Review

Aim: This systematic review examined the additional effect of taking omega-3 supplements on periodontal therapy. Methods: The focused question was “What is the possible effect of omega-3 supplementation concomitant to non-surgical periodontal therapy on clinical periodontal parameters?” Databases Cochrane, Embase, Google Scholar, PubMed, and Web of Science (January-July 2021) were searched to identify appropriate studies. Randomized clinical trials (RCT) about non-surgical therapy with omega-3 supplementation, with at least 3 months of supplementation period were included. Cochrane risk of bias tool version 2 and Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation were used. Results: A total of 1556 studies were found, of which eight studies met the inclusion criteria. All eight studies evaluated periodontal probing depth and clinical attachment loss; plaque and gingival inflammation were evaluated in seven studies. High variety of omega-3 dosage, different study lengths, questionable results from periodontal therapy (including test and control groups), high risk of bias and moderate quality of evidence prevented a satisfactory conclusion regarding the benefits of omega-3 supplementation. The studies’ high heterogeneity avoided meta-analysis. Conclusion: Notwithstanding all limitations, the promising effects of omega-3 supplementation presented in two six-month studies encourage performing RCT with better-defined treatment protocols and greater methodological rigor.     

豆油对饲低硒粮大鼠血浆Cu、Zn、Ca和Mg含量的影响

目的 :探讨豆油 [富含 ω- 6多不饱和脂肪酸 ( PUFAs) ]对饲低硒粮大鼠血浆 Cu、Zn、Ca和 Mg含量变化的影响。方法 :用低硒和补硒饲料喂养大鼠 4周 ,补加 5 %豆油后再继续饲养 4周。用原子吸收分光光度计测定大鼠血浆中 Cu、 Zn、 Ca、和 Mg含量。结果 :饲低硒粮和补硒粮组 ,在饲料中添加豆油后 ,大鼠血浆中 Cu、Zn、Ca、和 Mg含量均有不同程度下降。在添加豆油的大鼠 Zn、Mg含量下降更明显 ,Ca、Cu含量虽有所下降 ,但差异无显著性。结论 :饲料中添加豆油 ,使大鼠PUFAs的摄入量增加 ,Cu、Zn、Ca和 Mg含量降低。     

Walnut Oil Reduces Aβ Levels and Increases Neurite Length in a Cellular Model of Early Alzheimer Disease

(1) Background: Mitochondria are the cells’ main source of energy. Mitochondrial dysfunction represents a key hallmark of aging and is linked to the development of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Maintaining mitochondrial function might contribute to healthy aging and the prevention of AD. The Mediterranean diet, including walnuts, seems to prevent age-related neurodegeneration. Walnuts are a rich source of α-linolenic acid (ALA), an essential n3-fatty acid and the precursor for n3-long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n3-PUFA), which might potentially improve mitochondrial function. (2) Methods: We tested whether a lipophilic walnut extract (WE) affects mitochondrial function and other parameters in human SH-SY5Y cells transfected with the neuronal amyloid precursor protein (APP695). Walnut lipids were extracted using a Soxhlet Extraction System and analyzed using GC/MS and HPLC/FD. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) concentrations were quantified under basal conditions in cell culture, as well as after rotenone-induced stress. Neurite outgrowth was investigated, as well as membrane integrity, cellular reactive oxygen species, cellular peroxidase activity, and citrate synthase activity. Beta-amyloid (Aβ) was quantified using homogenous time-resolved fluorescence. (3) Results: The main constituents of WE are linoleic acid, oleic acid, α-linolenic acid, and γ- and δ-tocopherol. Basal ATP levels following rotenone treatment, as well as citrate synthase activity, were increased after WE treatment. WE significantly increased cellular reactive oxygen species but lowered peroxidase activity. Membrane integrity was not affected. Furthermore, WE treatment reduced Aβ_1–40 and stimulated neurite growth. (4) Conclusions: WE might increase ATP production after induction of mitochondrial biogenesis. Decreased Aβ_1–40 formation and enhanced ATP levels might enhance neurite growth, making WE a potential agent to enhance neuronal function and to prevent the development of AD. In this sense, WE could be a promising agent for the prevention of AD.