野蔷薇不同部位总黄酮含量比较研究

目的:比较野蔷薇不同部位总黄酮含量,为今后开发利用野蔷薇提供依据。方法:采用超声提取法提取野蔷薇不同部位总黄酮,以芦丁为对照品,采用分光光度法测定的总黄酮含量为指标,对野蔷薇不同部位总黄酮含量进行比较。结果:通过比较野蔷薇叶、青果皮、青果籽、红果皮、红果籽、茎、根皮总黄酮含量得出:根皮(137.2 mg·g-1)叶(43.22 mg·g-1)茎(36.05 mg·g-1)青果皮29.94 mg·g-1)红果皮(15.25 mg·g-1)红果籽(4.761 mg·g-1)青果籽(4.396 mg·g-1)。结论:野蔷薇中总黄酮含量丰富,尤其根皮中含量最高,潜在应用价值大。     

基于trnL-trnF序列分析的何首乌PCR-RFLP分子鉴别

目的:建立何首乌(Fallopia multiflora)DNA分子鉴别技术。方法:对何首乌与其近缘种及其混淆品的trnL-trnF(trnL基因和trnF基因间隔区)序列进行比较分析。结果:何首乌与其近缘种及其混淆品的trnL-trnF差异率为2.1%～22%,何首乌种内各居群间trnL-trnF差异率为0%～1.5%。基于何首乌与其近缘种及其混淆品的trnL-trnF序列的差异,找出一个位于trnL5'-trnL3'间区的何首乌特征性Xba I酶切位点(T↓CTAGA),用Xba I酶对不同采集地的何首乌样品trnL-trnF序列扩增产物酶切后均得到含约804～819 bp和256 bp两个片段的PCR-RFLP图谱,而其混淆品trnL-trnF序列扩增产物因不能被Xba I酶切,图谱呈单一条带。结论:利用建立的PCR-RFLP方法可以很好地区分何首乌及其混淆品植物。     

Miconazole gel compared with Zataria multiflora Boiss. gel in the treatment of denture stomatitis

An open, randomized, controlled study with two parallel treatment groups was done to evaluate the efficacy of a miconazole 2% gel compared with Zataria multiflora 0.1% gel applied four times daily for 2 weeks, in the treatment of Candida-associated denture stomatitis. Twenty four patients were included in the study. The efficacy variables were the colony count of Candida from the palatal mucosa and the denture surface and the erythema surface of the palatal mucosa on days 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 after commencement of therapy. Twelve patients received miconazole gel and twelve Z. multiflora gel. The erythema surface was significantly reduced by both gels. No significant difference was seen between the two groups (p < 0.05). There was a significant reduction in the colony count of the palatal mucosa in both groups (except on days 21 and 28 in the Zataria group p = 0.07 and 0.08). Miconazole treatment reduced the number of denture colonies more efficiently than Z. multiflora except for day 21 when the efficacy of both groups was similar (p = 0.17). The results indicate that Z. multiflora gel reduced the surface erythema of the palate more efficiently than miconazole gel but did not reduce the colony count of the denture surface as efficiently as miconazole.     

Pulmonoprotective Action of Zataria multiflora Ethanolic Extract on Cyclophosphamide-Induced Oxidative Lung Toxicity in Mice

Objective: To evaluate the protective effect of Zataria multiflora extract, an antioxidative medicinal plant, against cyclophosphamide (CP)-induced oxidative lung damage in mice. Methods: Mice were intraperitoneally pre-treated with various doses of Zataria multiflora extract (50, 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg) once daily for 7 consecutive days. Animals were then injected with a single 200 mg/kg intraperitoneal dose of CP 1 h after the last administration of O. vulgare. Twenty-four hours later, mice were euthanized, the lungs were immediately removed, and biochemical and histological studies were conducted. Results: A single dose of CP markedly altered the levels of several biomarkers associated with oxidative stress in lung homogenates. Pretreatment with Zataria multiflora significantly inhibited the elevation of lipid peroxidation level and the depletion in glutathione content, and superoxide dismutase and catalase activities induced by CP in lung. In addition, Zataria multiflora effectively alleviated CP-induced histopathological abnormality and pulmonary damages in mice lung tissues. Conclusions: The results reveal that Zataria multiflora protects lung tissues from CP-induced toxicity and suggest a role for oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of lung toxicity produced by CP in mice. Because Zataria multiflora has been extensively used as an additive agent and is regarded as safe, it may be used concomitantly as a good supplement for reducing organ toxicity in patients undergoing chemotherapy, besides their consolidated ethnopharmacological uses.     

Three new flavonoids from the active extract of Fallopia convolvulus

Five solvent extracts (ethanol, petroleum ether, EtOAC, n-butanol, and water) from Fallopia convolvulus (L.) Löve were separated and their inhibitory effects on nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-activated macrophages were evaluated. Three new flavonoids, falloconvolin A (1), falloconvolin B (2), and quercetin-3-O-(2-E-sinapoxyl)-glucopyranoside (3), together with 17 known phenolic compounds, were isolated from the active EtOAC extract, and their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis and literature data.     

不同炮制温度对何首乌水提物肝保护作用的影响

目的：观察不同温度炮制的何首乌水提物对四氯化碳致小鼠肝损伤保护作用。方法将140只小鼠按随机数字表法分为正常对照组、阳性对照组、模型组、100℃炮制组、110℃炮制组、120℃炮制组、生药组,每组20只。阳性对照组灌胃10 mg/kg水飞蓟素溶液;100℃炮制组、110℃炮制组、120℃炮制组及生药组小鼠分别灌胃100、110、120℃炮制的何首乌的水提液及何首乌生药材水提液100 mg/kg;正常对照组及模型组灌胃等体积生理盐水,1次/d,连续给药7 d。末次给药后,除正常对照组外,其余各组小鼠制备四氯化碳致急性肝损伤模型。造模后24 h取材,采用全自动血液分析仪检测血清AST、ALT、白蛋白、肝总蛋白水平;采用ELISA法检测血清IL-6、TNF-α及IL-1水平;检测肝组织中SOD、MDA、GSH-Px水平。结果与模型组比较,100℃炮制组、110℃炮制组、120℃炮制组小鼠血清 ALT[(132.14±19.66)U/L、(81.55±12.67)U/L、(169.37±24.18)U/L比(261.84±31.61)U/L]、AST[(231.57±38.38)U/L、(181.73±36.52)U/L、(318.36±39.68)U/L 比(624.79±49.98)U/L]、IL-6[(10.35±1.62)pg/ml、(6.26±1.36)pg/ml、(12.57±1.88)pg/ml 比(18.73±5.54)pg/ml]、TNF-α[(243.74±13.02)pg/ml、(189.36±9.85)pg/ml、(273.13±14.64)pg/ml 比(314.36±29.67)pg/ml]、IL-1[(235.36±30.14)pg/ml、(208.07±9.33)pg/ml、(248.21±33.15)pg/ml 比(264.76±32.55)pg/ml]水平降低(P＜0.05),总蛋白[(69.16±2.96)g/L、(74.14±3.17)g/L、(65.73±2.22)g/L 比(62.06±2.65)g/L]、白蛋白[(35.86±2.64)g/L、(36.67±2.81)g/L、(34.06±2.64)g/L比(32.16±2.05)g/L]水平升高(P＜0.05);100℃炮制组、110℃炮制组、120℃炮制组小鼠肝组织中 SOD[(82.94±6.21)U/mg、(101.33±9.16)U/mg、(71.32±5.15)U/mg 比(66.22±1.13)U/mg]、GSH-Px[(153.39±15.23)U、(199.25±12.04)U、(159.26±17.18)U 比(64.79±32.56)U]升高(P＜0.05), MDA[(0.96±0.22)nmol/mg、(0.69±0.13)nmol/mg、(1.29±0.13)nmol/mg 比(1.71±0.33)nmol/mg]降低(P＜0.05)。结论不同温度炮制的何首乌水提物对四氯化碳致小鼠肝损伤的保护作用均不相同,其中以110℃炮制的何首乌水提物的肝保护作用最好。     

对何首乌基原和品种的再认识

何首乌的安全性近期成为关注的焦点,其肝毒的诱因众说纷纭,经考证发现了品种、使用习惯方面的一些问题,也许能为剖析其诱因提供一些线索。何首乌有赤(雄)、白(雌)之分,传统应用多雌雄合用,赤何首乌即何首乌Fallopia multiflora,白何首乌即何首乌原变种F.multiflora var. multiflora。供同行参考。     

西沙短指软珊瑚Sinularia multiflora化学成分研究△

目的 研究中国南海西沙群岛软珊瑚Sinularia multiflora的化学成分。方法 利用薄层色谱、硅胶柱层析、Sephadex LH-20柱层析、MPLC、HPLC等色谱方法对化学成分进行分离纯化;运用NMR、MS等波谱方法,并结合文献理化数据比对,鉴定化合物的结构。结果 从西沙短指软珊瑚Sinularia multiflora的甲醇-二氯甲烷粗提取物中分离得到7个降碳二萜类化合物：(5R)-norcembrene (1),(5S)-norcembrene (2),norcembrene C (3),sinuleptolide (4),scabrolide C (5),norcembrene E (6),ineleganolide (7),以及1个已知愈创木烷型倍半萜：3β-methoxy-guaia-2β-ol-10(14)-ene (8)。     

卷茎蓼地上部分化学成分研究

目的:研究蓼科何首乌属植物卷茎蓼Fallopia convolvulus地上部分的化学成分,为蓼科蓼族的化学分类学研究提供物质基础。方法:以80%乙醇热回流提取,采用硅胶、凝胶柱色谱等多种柱色谱技术以及重结晶等方法进行分离,并根据理化性质和波谱数据进行结构鉴定。结果:共分离鉴定了12个化合物,分别为槲皮素(1),木犀草素(2),金圣草素(3),芹菜素(4),山柰酚-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(5),槲皮素-3-O-鼠李糖苷(6),N-反式-阿魏酰酪胺(7),loliolide(8),对羟基苯甲酸乙酯(9),β-谷甾醇(10),胡萝卜苷(11)和正十六烷酸(12)。结论:以上化合物均为首次从卷茎蓼中分得,其中化合物6~9为首次从该属植物中发现。     

篱蓼地下部分的化学成分研究

目的 研究篱蓼Fallopia dumetorum地下部分的化学成分。方法 利用硅胶、Sephadex LH-20、C₁₈-ODS等柱色谱,以及半制备高效液相色谱(HPLC)技术进行系统分离纯化,结合质谱(MS)、核磁共振谱(NMR)等波谱数据和文献对照等手段鉴定化合物结构;对部分化合物进行体外抗氧化活性测试。结果 从篱蓼地下部分醋酸乙酯提取物中分离得到27个化合物,分别鉴定为对羟基肉桂酸甲酯(1)、反式-4-甲氧基肉桂酸(2)、methyl gallate 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(3)、smilaside J(4)、lapathoside A(5)、vanicoside B(6)、hedyotisol A(7)、表儿茶酚(8)、红花素(9)、木犀草素(10)、槲皮素(11)、异槲皮苷(quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside,12)、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-木糖苷(quercetin 3-O-β-D-xylopyranoside,13)、2,3,5,4’-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-...