番荔枝子中4个新的邻双四氢呋喃型番荔枝内酯

目的 研究番荔枝Annona squamosa种子的化学成分。方法 通过多种现代色谱技术对番荔枝子超临界CO₂提取物的化学成分进行分离纯化,并根据理化性质和谱学数据确定其结构。结果 从番荔枝子中分离得到7个化合物,分别鉴定为3-[12-[5-[5-(1-羟基十二烷基)-2-四氢呋喃基]-2-四氢呋喃基]-9,12-二羟基十二烷基]-5-甲基-2(5H)-呋喃酮（1）、3-[11-[5-[5-(1-羟基癸烷基)-2-四氢呋喃基]-2-四氢呋喃基]-8,11-二羟基十一烷基]-5-甲基-2(5H)-呋喃酮（2）、3-[9-[5-[5-(1,3-二羟基十四烷基)-2-四氢呋喃基]-2-四氢呋喃基]-9-羟基壬烷基]-5-甲基-2(5H)-呋喃酮（3）、3-[8-[5-[5-(1-羟基十四烷基)-2-四氢呋喃基]-2-四氢呋喃基]-2,8-二羟基辛烷基]-5-甲基-2(5H)-呋喃酮（4）、阿诺西林甲（5）、annosquacin A（6）和乙酰紫玉盘素（7）。结论 化合物1～4为4个未见报道的新邻双四氢呋喃型番荔枝内酯类化合物,分别命名为顺式-11-羟基鳞状辛素丙（1）、10-羟基鳞状辛素（2）、鳞状亭素戊（3）和鳞状亭素己（4）。     

水线草的化学成分研究

目的 研究茜草科耳草属植物水线草Hedyotis corymbosa的化学成分.方法 利用柱色谱、制备薄层色谱和重结晶进行分离纯化.通过波谱技术鉴定化合物的结构.结果 分离得到13个化合物,分别鉴定为(+)-lyo-niresinol-3a-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(Ⅰ)、槲皮素(quercetin,Ⅱ)、七叶内酯(esculetin,Ⅲ)、东莨菪内酯(scopoletin,Ⅳ)、耳草酮A(hedyotiscone A,Ⅴ)、对羟基苯甲酸(p-hydroxybenzoic acid,Ⅵ)、原儿茶酸(protocatechuic acid,Ⅶ)、香草酸(vanillic acid,Ⅷ)、丁香酸(syringie acid,Ⅸ)、(+)-催吐萝芙叶醇[(+)-vomifoliol,Ⅹ]、(-)-二氢催吐萝美叶醇[(-)-dihydrovomifoliol.Ⅺ]、S-(+)-去氢催吐萝芙叶醇[S-(+)-dehydrovomifoliol,Ⅻ]和茜素1-甲醚(aliza-rin 1-methyl ether,).结论 化合物Ⅰ～均为首次从该植物中分离得到.     

Anti-inflammatory effects of YeongyoSeungma-tang

Ethnopharmacological relevance

YeongyoSeungma-tang which includes Fructus Forsythia, has been used in oriental traditional medicine for treatment of early smallpox and atopic dermatitis.

Aim of the study

YeongyoSeungma-tang was carried out to investigate for anti-inflammatory effects.

Materials and methods

YeongyoSeungma-tang was tested for anti-inflammatory effects against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) releases as well as nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) expression using RAW264.7 macrophage cells.

Results

YeongyoSeungma-tang significantly inhibited generation of NO (42% and 59% inhibition at doses of 5 μg/mL and 10 μg/mL, respectively), PGE₂ (46% and 80% inhibition at doses of 5 μg/mL and 10 μg/mL, respectively) and TNF-α (6% and 23% inhibition at doses of 5 μg/mL and 10 μg/mL, respectively) on LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Consistently in these observations, the expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) enzyme was also inhibited by YeongyoSeungma-tang. However, YeongyoSeungma-tang did not show any influence on the expression of cyclooxygenase-2. The cream containing 0.075% YeongyoSeungma-tang showed good skin moisturizing effect without any irritation.

Conclusion

The present study may support the fact that YeongyoSeungma-tang can have the good possibility as an anti-inflammatory agent for troubled skins.     

醋制降低京大戟对人正常肝细胞LO2的毒性及机制研究

目的:比较京大戟醋制前后对人正常肝细胞LO2的毒性作用,并探讨其可能的作用机制.方法:体外培养LO2细胞,用不同浓度的京大戟生品和醋品对其进行处理,MTT法测定各样品对LO2细胞增殖的抑制作用;Hoeehst 33258荧光染色法观察细胞凋亡的形态学改变;AnnexinV/PI染色流式细胞术检测LO2细胞凋亡;PI染色流式细胞术分析其对细胞周期的影响;检测细胞培养液上清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活力,细胞裂解上清超氧化歧化酶(SOD)活力、丙二醛(MDA)和谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量.结果:与阴性对照组比较,京大戟生品各浓度组均可抑制LO2细胞增殖,诱导细胞凋亡,引起细胞S期阻滞(P＜0.05);能显著升高细胞培养液上清ALT,AST,LDH活力(P＜0.05),显著降低细胞裂解上清SOD活性和GSH含量、增加MDA含量.醋制后,与京大戟生品组比较,可显著降低细胞凋亡率、降低细胞周期阻滞,显著降低细胞培养液上清ALT,AST,LDH活力(P＜0.05),显著升高细胞裂解上清SOD活性和GSH含量、显著降低MDA含量.结论:醋制可降低京大戟对LO2细胞的毒性,其机制可能是减轻氧化损伤,从而降低细胞周期阻滞,减少细胞凋亡.     

忍冬属植物环烯醚萜类成分研究概况

我国忍冬属植物资源较为丰富,其中可供药用的品种达47种,广布于全国各省区,金银花为该属植物中的临床常用中药,具有很高的药用价值。忍冬属中环烯醚萜类成分显示出较强的生物活性,通过对忍冬属植物中环烯醚萜类成分的分布及其生物活性进行综述,展望今后忍冬属植物此类成分的研究方向和应用前景,便于对忍冬属植物中环烯醚萜类成分及其药理作用进行更深入的研究,并充分开发利用该属药用植物资源。     

泽漆水提物对香烟烟雾诱导小鼠慢性阻塞性肺病及肺组织癌前病变相关蛋白的影响

目的：探究泽漆水提物对香烟烟雾(CS)所致的慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)的保护作用及肺组织癌前病变相关蛋白的影响。方法：通过建立CS所致的COPD小鼠模型(60只),随机分为正常组、模型组、阳性药组(地塞米松2 mg·kg^-1)及泽漆水提物低、中、高剂量组(1.875、3.75、7.5 g·kg^-1)。采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定泽漆水提物中相关成分;动物肺功能仪检测小鼠呼气末期暂停(EEP)、气道阻力(Penh)、50%肺活量呼吸时的呼气流量(EF50)等肺功能指标变化;高通量液相蛋白芯片技术检测小鼠肺泡灌洗液(BALF)中白细胞介素(IL)-2、IL-5、IL-18、IL-17A、IL-27等炎性因子水平变化;苏木素-伊红(HE)染色检测小鼠肺组织的病理变化;比色法测定小鼠肺组织中的丙二醛(MDA)、髓过氧化物酶(MPO)及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)含量变化;实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(Real-time PCR)检测肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)、基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)-2、MMP-9及MM...     

Synergistic postprandial blood glucose modulatory properties of Vernonia amygdalina (Del.), Gongronema latifolium (Benth.) and Occimum gratissimum (Linn.) aqueous decoctions

Ethnopharmacological relevance

Traditional healers in Nigeria use a combination of decoctions from green leafy vegetables in their blood glucose (BG) lowering recipes. Three plants Vernonia amygdalina (Del.) (VA), Gongronema latifolium (Benth.) (GL) and Occimum gratissimum (Linn.) (OG) are found consistently in such recipes. Whereas the anti-diabetic properties of extracts of these plants have been reported in animal models, little is known about the effects of their aqueous decoctions (singly or in combinations) on oral glucose tolerance (OGT) in humans.

Materials and methods

Twenty seven subjects were recruited and (on separate days) were given 150 mL of water, VA, GL and OG decoctions or blends of the decoctions to drink 45 min before a 2-h OGTT. Their OGTT curves were plotted and areas under the curves (AUCs) calculated.

Results

The results show that each of the three decoctions neither altered the peak time of the OGTT nor significantly (P>0.05) reduced the BG concentrations (BGCs) at any time point on the test curves relative to the baseline. VA, OG and GL gave 0.4, 0.2 and 2.8% reductions in the AUCs, respectively, relative to the baseline. Blending GL and VA did not improve the results. However, a decoction containing the three vegetables in equal proportions significantly reduced the BGCs at 90 (96.8±9.5 vs. 107.1±10.2 mg/dL; P=0.041) and 120 (92.8±14.3 vs. 102.5±12.1 mg/dL; P=0.037) minutes relative to the baseline, and gave better reductions in the AUCs (4.1%).

Conclusion

The decoction containing the three vegetables was found to be superior in activity to any 1, or blends of only 2, of the 3 decoctions. This is a case of positive synergism, and justifies the use of these plants in ethnopharmacological BG lowering recipes.     

胆木枝叶的化学成分研究

目的研究茜草科乌檀属植物胆木Nauclea officinalis枝叶中的化学成分。方法综合运用硅胶柱色谱、反相硅胶柱色谱和Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱色谱以及制备型高效液相等色谱方法进行系统分离,根据化合物的理化性质及其波谱数据确定化合物的结构。结果从胆木85%乙醇提取物中分离得到了18个化合物,分别鉴定为二氢猕猴桃内酯(1)、黑燕麦内酯(2)、3,4,5-三甲氧基苯酚(3)、4-羟基-3,5-二甲氧基苯甲醛(4)、2,4-二羟基-3,6-二甲基苯甲酸甲酯(5)、对甲氧基桂皮酸(6)、咖啡酸甲酯(7)、咖啡酸乙酯(8)、异阿魏酸甲酯(9)、阿魏酸乙酯(10)、断氧化马钱子苷(11)、裂环马钱苷(12)、3-醛基吲哚(13)、1,2,3,4-tetrahydronorharman-1-one(14)、vinmajine I(15)、19-O-methyl-3,14-dihydroangustoline(16)、乌檀碱(17)和异长春花苷内酰胺(18)。其中化合物1、2为倍半萜类化合物,3~10为酚酸类化合物,11、12为环烯醚萜类化合物,化合物13~18为生物碱类化合物。结论化合物1~15为首次从茜草科乌檀属植物中分离得到。     

Antioxidative Potential of Duranta Repens (Linn.) Fruits Against H2O2 Induced Cell Death In Vitro

The effects of Duranta repens fruits were investigated on H₂O₂ induced oxidative cell death to evaluate its antioxidative potential in vitro. HEK293T cells were treated with different concentrations [0–1000 µg/ ml] of ethanol extract (E-Ex) and methanol extract (M-Ex) of D. repens for 24h, and then treated with 100 µM H₂O₂ for 24h. Cell viability, antioxidant parameters of cells, and antioxidant constituents of the extracts were determined. Treatment with limited dose of E-Ex or M-Ex increased the survival rate of H₂O₂-treated HEK293T cells, however the extra-high dose showed growth inhibitory effect. Treatment with E-Ex or M-Ex protected cellular lipid per-oxidation. In vitro analyses showed the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and H₂O₂ scavenging activities as well as reducing potential of the extracts. We report here that the limited dose of E-Ex and M-Ex possess antioxidative potential, which can protect H₂O₂-induced oxidative cell damage.     

HPLC法测定云南不同产地白花丹的不同部位中白花丹醌的含量

目的:建立白花丹药材中白花丹醌的反相高效液相色谱测定方法,以分别考察云南不同产地白花丹药材的不同部位中白花丹醌的含量。方法:色谱柱为 Kromasil C_(18)柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇-水(70:30),流速为1.0mL·min~(-1),检测波长为254 nm,柱温为25℃。结果:白花丹醌在25.3～253μg·mL~(-1)范围内,具有良好的线性关系,r=0.9998;平均回收率为99.0%,RSD=1.4%(n=6)。不同产地白花丹药材地上部分的白花丹醌含量分别为0.046%(嘎洒),0.079%(勐养),0.134%(嘎东),0.032%(曼东),0.047%(曼阁),0.057%(曼老);根部的白花丹醌含量分别为0.842%(嘎洒),1.04%(勐养),1.44%(嘎东),0.763%(曼东),0.639%(曼阁),1.97%(曼老)。结论:本法简便、准确,灵敏度高,重复性好,可用于控制白花丹药材质量。