双波长HPLC法同时测定杜仲雄花中3种成分的含量

目的:建立同时测定杜仲雄花中京尼平苷酸、绿原酸、栀子苷3种成分含量的方法。方法:采用双波长高效液相色谱法。色谱柱为Agilent Zorbax Extend C18(250mm×4.6mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇-水-醋酸(15∶85∶1),检测波长为238nm(测定京尼平苷酸和栀子苷)和327nm(测定绿原酸),流速为1mL·min-1,柱温为30℃。结果:京尼平苷酸、绿原酸、栀子苷的进样量线性范围分别为0.0892～5.3520μg(r=0.9995)、0.1052～6.3120μg(r=0.9995)、0.1024～6.1440μg(r=0.9995);三者平均加样回收率分别为99.24%、98.86、101.44%,RSD分别为2.17%、1.95%、2.08%(n=6)。结论:双波长或多波长法能方便、快速地对中药中多种成分同时测定,能满足中药多成分质量控制的要求。     

正交试验优选超声提取杜仲叶中降血脂总环烯醚萜的工艺研究

目的:研究杜仲(Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.)叶中总环烯醚萜的超声提取工艺。方法:采用正交试验,考察乙醇浓度、提取时间、料液比及提取次数对总环烯醚萜的影响,并用两点电位滴定法测定其含量。结果:杜仲叶中总环烯醚萜的最佳提取工艺为加入12倍量90%的乙醇,超声提取3次,10min/次。结论:优选的工艺重复性好,稳定可靠。     

杜仲叶饲料添加剂对鸡肉及鸡皮中胶原蛋白含量的影响

目的:探讨杜仲叶饲料对鸡肉及鸡皮中胶原蛋白含量的影响.方法:采用HPLC-ELSD法,色谱柱:ThermoHypersil Gold C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm);体积分数为0.05%醋酸溶液-乙腈(96:4)为流动相;柱温为15℃;流速为0.1 mL/min;蒸发光散射检测器漂移管温度40℃,气...     

缓释微囊化杜仲提取物复合钙磷骨水泥修复兔骨缺损

目的 探讨磷酸钙骨水泥（CPC）/杜仲微囊复合材料修复骨缺损的效果和最佳比例.方法 在新西兰兔双侧股骨髁部形成洞型骨缺损,实验侧骨缺损分为A、B组,分别置入含0.304、0.608mg/ml微囊杜仲提取物的CPC复合材料,对照侧置入CPC为C组,空白侧不填充为D组.在术后2、4、8、12周时取出股骨,进行大体观察、X线摄片、病理学观察及骨形成蛋白-2（BMP-2）和血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）免疫组化染色.结果 X线摄片提示术后12周B组植入材料无残留,A组有少量材料存留,C组材料明显存在.病理学观察术后4周B组骨水泥材料中成骨细胞生长活跃,A、C组仅在宿主骨表面有成骨细胞和新生血管 12周时A、B组髓腔贯通,C组髓腔未贯通,同时B组材料完全降解,A、C组材料未完全降解.统计学分析术后4周BMP-2因子实验组明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 杜仲提取物给微囊包裹,以0.608mg/ml比例与CPC复合修复兔股骨髁缺损使杜仲有效成分缓释,诱导新骨形成作用强、降解时间快、优于CPC且比例较适宜.     

杜仲炮制品HPLC指纹图谱的研究

目的应用高效液相色谱法对盐杜仲进行指纹图谱的研究。方法色谱柱Agilent XDB-C18(150mm×4.6mm,5μm),乙腈-1%乙酸溶液二元梯度洗脱,体积流量1mL·min-1,检测波长277nm。结果根据选择的色谱条件制订了盐杜仲的指纹图谱分析方法。结论该方法简便可行,重复性好,色谱图对盐杜仲中各成分得到了较好的分离,可为盐杜仲的质量控制提供一定技术依据。     

Effects of lignans extracted from Eucommia ulmoides and aldose reductase inhibitor epalrestat on hypertensive vascular remodeling

Aim of the study

To investigate the effects of lignans extracted from Eucommia ulmoides and epalrestat on vascular remodeling in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

Materials and methods

Ten-week-old male spontaneously hypertensive rats were randomly divided into 3 groups (12 rats each group), and treated orally with 100 mg/kg/d of captopril (an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor), 100 mg/kg/d of epalrestat (an aldose reductase inhibitor) and 300 mg/kg/d of lignans by gavage daily for 16 weeks, respectively. Sex-, age-, and number-matched spontaneously hypertensive rats and normotensive Wistar Kyoto rats, were treated with distilled water (vehicle) as controls. The rats were weighed weekly. Mean arterial blood pressure and heart rate were measured periodically by non-invasive blood pressure monitoring. They were sacrificed at the end of experiment (26-week-old). Superior mesenteric artery and aorta were isolated for determination of histomorphometry and the expression of aldose reductase by immunohistochemistry.

Results

Captopril and lignans, but not epalrestat, decreased mean arterial blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Vascular remodeling was improved in all three treated groups by histomorphometry.

Conclusions

Both lignans and epalrestat reversed hypertensive vascular remodeling. Aldose reductase played a vital role in the pathologic process of hypertensive vascular remodeling rather than elevation of blood pressure. These data suggested that aldose reductase could be a new therapeutic target for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.     

Protective effect of GCSB-5, an herbal preparation, against peripheral nerve injury in rats

Aim of the study

GCSB-5 (traditional name: Chungpa-Juhn), an herbal medicine composed of 6 crude herbs (Saposhnikovia divaricata Schiskin, Achyranthis bidentata Blume, Acanthopanax sessiliflorum Seem, Cibotium baromets J. Smith, Glycine max Meriill, and Eucommia ulmoides Oliver), has been widely used in Asia for treatment of neuropathic and inflammatory diseases. This study investigated the protective effect of GCSB-5 against peripheral nerve injury in vitro and in vivo.

Materials and methods

After left sciatic nerve transection, rats received oral administration of GCSB-5 (30, 100, 300, and 600 mg/kg), or saline (vehicle), respectively, once daily for 8 weeks. Motor functional recovery and axonal nerve regeneration were evaluated by measurement of sciatic functional index (SFI), sensory regeneration distance, and gastrocnemius muscle mass ratio. The myelinated axon number was counted by morphometric analysis. In the in vitro study, the effects of GCSB-5 on H₂O₂-induced oxidative damage in SH-SY5Y cells were investigated by measurement of cell viability, production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation, release of lactate dehydrogenease (LDH), and cellular glutathione contents. Neurite outgrowth was also determined.

Results

After 8 weeks of nerve transection, SFI, regeneration distance, and gastrocnemius muscle mass ratio and myelinated axon number showed a significant decrease and these decreases were attenuated by GCSB-5. GCSB-5 significantly inhibited H₂O₂-induced cell death and oxidative stress, as evidenced by decreases in production of ROS and lipid peroxidation and release of LDH, and by increase in total GSH content.

Conclusions

The neuroprotective effect afforded by GCSB-5 is due in part to reduced oxidative stress.     

杜仲雄花茶对高脂乳剂小鼠血脂水平的影响

目的:探讨杜仲雄花茶对高脂血症的预防保健作用。方法:将50只昆明小鼠随机分为5组,分别为空白对照组、高脂血症模型组、洛伐他汀对照组、杜仲雄花给药高剂量组和杜仲雄花给药低剂量组,按标准给药饲养30 d后,测定每组个体动物的胆固醇(TC),甘油三酯(TG),高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C),低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)。结果:与对照组比较,模型组动物血浆中的TC、TG、LDL-C升高,HDL-C降低。与模型组相比,杜仲雄花给药高剂量组的TC、TG、LDL-C明显降低,HDL-C明显升高。结论:杜仲雄花茶能在一定程度上预防高脂乳剂所引起的小鼠血脂升高。     

高效薄层色谱、薄层质谱和HPLC指纹图谱联用技术鉴定杜仲不同部位的化学成分差异

目的 建立杜仲Eucommia ulmoides不同部位的高效薄层色谱（high performance thin layer chromatography，HPTLC）、高效薄层质谱鉴别方法（TLC/MS）和高效液相色谱（HPLC）指纹图谱，比较杜仲皮、叶、雄花、种子的差异，寻找差异性成分，并互相验证，用于杜仲的质量控制。方法 通过优化供试品制备、展开剂和显色剂等条件，建立杜仲皮的HPTLC，并将该方法应用于杜仲皮、叶、雄花、种子的区分，寻找差异性斑点；利用QTOF/MS对4个部位的HPTLC斑点进行鉴定，明确差异性成分；采用HPLC建立杜仲皮、叶、雄花、种子的指纹图谱，采集多批次数据，利用偏最小二乘判别分析（partial least squares discriminant analysis，PLS-DA）筛选对4个部位区分贡献较大的差异性成分，与薄层色谱和薄层质谱鉴定结果互相验证。结果 自建HPTLC鉴别方法优于各国药典，可清晰地实现4个部位的区分；利用QTOF/MS对主要斑点进行分析，共鉴定27个成分，其中10个成分通过对照品确认；基于HPLC的PLS-DA多元统计分析筛选出14个差异性成分（VIP>1）。松脂醇二葡萄糖苷在HPTLC、TLC/MS和HPLC检测技术下均鉴定为杜仲皮的特异性成分；ulmoidoside A、ulmoidoside B、ulmoidoside C、ulmoidoside D是种子中稳定的差异性标志物；对于叶和花的鉴别，3种鉴别方式所得到的差异性标志物差别较大，叶中共找到7个标志物，花中共找到9个标志物。结论 建立的高效薄层色谱、薄层质谱和HPLC指纹图谱方法均可实现杜仲皮、叶、雄花、种子的区分，联用技术寻找到的差异性成分为杜仲及其中成药质量控制指标的选择奠定基础。     

基于HPLC-Q-TOF-MS鉴定杜仲不同部位中化学成分及其降血糖活性研究

目的 研究杜仲Eucommia ulmoides不同部位提取物中的主要成分，并对其降血糖活性进行研究，阐明其降血糖的药效物质基础。方法 基于HPLC-Q-TOF-MS技术研究杜仲中主要类型化合物的质谱裂解规律，基于质谱裂解规律结合质谱挖掘技术对杜仲不同部位提取物中的活性成分进行系统鉴定，并基于糖尿病小鼠模型对杜仲不同部位提取物及主要成分降血糖活性进行评价。结果 阐明了杜仲中环烯醚萜、呋喃型木脂素、黄酮及多酚类化合物的质谱裂解规律，构建了杜仲植株中化合物的挖掘方法，从杜仲的皮、叶、枝、根中共鉴定了60个化合物，包括环烯醚萜类化合物17个、呋喃型木脂素类化合物13个、黄酮类化合物18个、多酚类化合物10个、其他类型化合物2个。其中25个化合物首次在杜仲中报道。杜仲枝提取物及其主要成分（化合物27 ，京尼平苷）表现出显著的降血糖活性，使小鼠血糖水平从最初的（26.33±0.57）、（25.34±0.24）mmol/L分别下降到（20.56±1.23）、（21.56±1.56）mmol/L。杜仲枝提取物及化合物27 还能改善糖尿病引起的多饮、多食及体质量减轻的症状。结论 环烯醚萜、呋喃型木脂素、黄酮及多酚类化合物为杜仲中主要成分，且杜仲枝提取物及其主要成分-京尼平苷具有显著的降血糖活性，具有开发成为降血糖药物的潜力。