腓骨钩钢板治疗Danis-WeberA／B型踝关节不稳定骨折的疗效分析

目的观察用腓骨钩钢板治疗Danis—WeberA／B型踝关节不稳定骨折的临床疗效。方法2009年4月至2011年9月,对30例伴有腓骨远端粉碎性骨折的踝部骨折行切开复位内固定术;受伤至接受手术的时间为8h～18d。手术顺序为外踝、内踝和后踝。外踝骨折使用腓骨钩状钢板固定,内踝骨折使用可吸收螺钉固定,后踝骨折根据骨折块大小及形态使用螺钉或钢板固定。术后石膏托外固定。结果术后随访10-36个月,平均23．45个月。术后4～6周x线片均可见骨折线模糊;30例患者于术后12周达到临床愈合,伤口均I期愈合,无一例发生感染、局部不良反应及踝关节不稳。AOFAS踝与后足评分平均为90分（65～95分）,优14例,良13例,可2例,差1例,优良率为90％。结论使用腓骨钩钢板治疗Danis—WeberA／B型踝关节不稳定骨折内固定的牢靠度高,手术创伤小,操作简单方便,能维持关节稳定性,可早期、大范围地活动踝关节,有利于踝关节功能恢复。     

高渗环境对假体周围感染生物膜形成影响的实验研究

目的探讨高渗环境对关节置换术后假体周围感染中表皮葡萄球菌生长和生物膜形成影响。方法用新西兰大白兔建立假体表皮葡萄球菌感染的动物模型,分为实验组和对照组各15只。实验组注入细菌的同时注入40g/L的氯化钠溶液0.1mL,对照组注入生理盐水0.1mL。分别于注入细菌后2、4、6、8和16d对假体感染动物行关节液细菌计数、假体周围组织学观察和假体扫描电镜观察。结果注入细菌后2-4d实验组和对照组关节液细菌计数差异无显著性（P〉0.05）,注入细菌后6、8和16d两组细菌计数差异有统计学意义（t=2.16-3.17,P〈0.05）。注入细菌后4d实验组动物假体周围组织均有中性粒细胞浸润;对照组注入细菌后4d开始出现炎细胞浸润,注入细菌后6d所有动物假体周围组织中均有炎细胞浸润。两组注入细菌后4d均观察到假体表面有少量细菌黏附;注入细菌后6、8和16d实验组假体表面黏附的细菌较对照组增多。结论关节置换术后假体周围高渗环境能够促进表皮葡萄球菌的生长以及生物膜的形成。     

颞颌关节紊乱综合征患者的个性分析

测定35例颞颌关节紊乱综合征(TMJD)患者的明尼苏达多相个性,并与149例正常人对照,测定结果提示TMJD患者中有近半数的个性属于异常的、不安定的抑郁型神经症患者。     

Diagnosing Periprosthetic Joint Infection: a Scoping Review

Purpose of ReviewThe goal of this review is to provide an up to date understanding of the utility and limitations of the current tests utilized in the diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) in total knee and hip arthroplasty.Recent FindingsDespite the growth in literature surrounding PJI diagnosis, there remains challenges in establishing a diagnosis of PJI. A combination of clinical, serum, and synovial tests and microbiologic and histologic examinations can yield a diagnosis in the majority of cases. Novel molecular and imaging studies may be beneficial for indeterminant cases. A number of emerging diagnostic tests have been proposed and may be incorporated into diagnostic algorithms in the future. Recently proposed stepwise diagnostic algorithms have shown high sensitivity and specificity.SummaryThe diagnosis of PJI remains challenging due to a lack of tests that can definitively rule out infection. Diagnosis and investigations should occur in a stepwise fashion. There has been a plethora of new diagnostic tests introduced in attempts to improve the accuracy of diagnostic algorithms. The definition and algorithms for the diagnoses of PJI will continue to evolve as new techniques and tests are introduced.     

水中抗阻训练对类风湿关节炎居家患者手足关节功能康复的影响

目的 探讨水中抗阻训练对类风湿关节炎居家患者手足关节功能康复的影响.方法 将风湿免疫科门诊就诊的类风涅关节炎患者71例根据就诊日期单双日分为观察组(n=35)和对照组(n=36).对照组接受常规护理及关节功能训练;观察组在对照组基础上实施水中抗阻训练,每天训练30～60 min,每周至少训练3d.比较两组干预前后双手握...     

玻璃酸钠治疗髋关节骨性关节炎的临床疗效

目的观察玻璃酸钠注射液治疗髋关节骨性关节炎的临床疗效。方法髋关节骨性关节炎患者36例,治疗组18例在关节腔内注射玻璃酸钠2ml,每周1次,5次为1疗程。结果治疗组治疗前VAS评分≥7．0,治疗后6个月时VAS评分为（2．75±0．06）,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;6个月时总有效率高达89％（16／18例）。结论玻璃酸钠注射液治疗髋关节骨性关节炎疗效确切、持久,关节功能改善良好。     

骨不连治疗的研究与技术应用进展*

背景：骨不连是骨折晚期常见的临床问题,数十年来,在各种新式内外固定材料、普及的显微外科技术、创新的植骨材料,尤其是分子生物学技术的全面帮助下,骨不连的治疗取得了突破性进展。
　　目的：总结骨不连治疗的研究进展,为以后更好地治疗骨不连提供技术理论和方法选择。
　　方法：由第一作者运用计算机检索系统检索1990年1月至2013年5月发表的有关骨不连原因及治疗方法的文献,以“fracture nonunion,treatment,progress”或“骨不连,治疗方法,进展”为检索词。同一领域则选择近期发表或者发表在权威杂志的文章。
　　结果与结论：排除重复性研究及时间跨度大的文献,从检索结果中共选择了48篇文章进一步分析。骨不连治疗手段主要有两种：非手术方式和手术方式,目前临床上以手术方式为主且高效。骨折愈合是多环节参与的复杂过程,一旦骨不连发生,应具体问题具体分析,根据患者的实际情况采取个体化治疗原则,重视软组织的保护,必要时联合运用多种手术及非手术方法,才能取得满意的疗效。     

Mechanical back pain and the facet joint syndrome

Mechanical back pain is a common disability often associated with the facet joint syndrome. Treatment is based on early, adequate pain relief with simple techniques of regional analgesia. In a few cases this is not enough and more sophisticated methods, such as radiofrequency denervation, cryo-analgesia and possibly intrathecal midazolam, are necessary. However, the main thrust of our approach is to treat the underlying structural disorder with strengthening of the back muscles and correction of postural abnormalities responsible for the mechanical back pain. Our report is based on an analysis of 83 patients who failed to respond to long periods of rest, suitable analgesic and allied drugs and other non-invasive measures. There had been no overriding indication for major surgery. A large number of these patients have been improved by our methods, but further work is in progress to extend the proportion of satisfactory results.     

MICROINSTABILITY OF THE SHOULDER IN THE OVERHEAD ATHLETE

The overhead throwing athlete is an extremely challenging patient in sports medicine. The repetitive microtraumatic stresses and extreme ranges of motion observed within the athlete’s shoulder joint complex during the throwing motion constantly place the athlete at risk for injury. While gross instability of the shoulder is possible, microinstability is seen far more frequently and is associated with a variety of different pathologies, including rotator cuff tendonitis, internal impingement, and labral lesions. Treatment of the overhead athlete requires the understanding of several principles based on the unique physical characteristics of this type of athlete and the demands placed upon the static stabilizing structures during the act of throwing. The purpose of this paper is to describe these principles and incorporate them into in a multi‐phase progressive rehabilitation program designed to prevent injuries and rehabilitate the injured athlete, both non‐operatively and postoperatively.