Consumer Sensory Acceptance of Raw Hamburger Patties Cooked on Grill versus Precooked Hamburger Patties Cooked in Rapid-Cook Oven

Some foodservice establishments, seeking to reduce cooking time and labor costs, have installed rapid-cook ovens. Food quality using these ovens, however, is still questionable compared to conventional preparation methods. This research compared precooked hamburger patties heated in a rapid-cook oven against raw hamburger patties prepared on a conventional grill. Secondarily, thawed precooked patties were compared to frozen precooked patties, both in the rapid-cook oven. Sensory panels were employed for both phases. The results indicate (a) preparing precooked hamburgers in a rapid-cook oven has no significantly different consumer acceptance ratings compared to raw hamburgers on a conventional grill, and (b) thawed hamburgers are more likely to be accepted than frozen in the rapid-cook oven. These findings may help foodservice practitioners prepare more acceptable products more efficiently.     

Specialized Laboratory Information Systems

Some laboratories or laboratory sections have unique needs that traditional anatomic and clinical pathology systems may not address. A specialized laboratory information system (LIS), which is designed to perform a limited number of functions, may perform well in areas where a traditional LIS falls short. Opportunities for specialized LISs continue to evolve with the introduction of new testing methodologies. These systems may take many forms, including stand-alone architecture, a module integrated with an existing LIS, a separate vendor-supplied module, and customized software. This article addresses the concepts underlying specialized LISs, their characteristics, and in what settings they are found.     

Computationally Attractive Stability Tests for the Efficient Method of Moments

This paper develops structural stability tests based on the Efficient Method of Moments for the case of a known breakpoint. Computationally attractive post-sample estimators and test-statistics for structural stability are proposed, which are modifications of the Lagrange Multiplier, Likelihood Ratio, Wald and Hansen tests for structural stability. The modifications retain the asymptotic optimality properties against certain local alternatives of those based on efficient computationally intensive estimators for the post-sample data. Evaluation of these tests is performed in the context of stochastic volatility models. For these types of models and datasets, readily available structural stability tests are important as these models are used in the pricing of options where the arrival of new data constantly raises the issue of whether the estimates are in need of updating. A Monte Carlo study gives encouraging results for the computationally attractive tests. An application is made to stochastic volatility models for daily returns of the S&P500 index ranging from 1981 to 1993. The tests do not reject the null hypothesis of structural stability for the final model.     

中西医结合治疗带状疱疹神经疼148例临床分析

目的 研究治疗带状疱疹的中西医结合的有效方法.方法 采用随机分组给予不同治疗的方法.结果 治疗效果以疼痛消失日为准,所有病例输液结束与治疗结束后疼痛消失率分别为81.8%、93.9%;疼痛消失平均时间两组分别为(6.73±2.88)d、(10.36±3.50)d;输液平均天数两组分别为(5.72±0.74)d、(7.69±1.58)d.结论 中药联合抗病毒剂和神经妥乐平治疗与单纯应用后两者比较疼痛缓解迅速,有效率高.     

LEEP刀联合高效单体银妇用抗菌凝胶治疗中重度慢性宫颈炎的临床分析

目的：探讨LEEP刀联合高效单体银妇用抗菌凝胶治疗中重度慢性宫颈炎的临床应用疗效。方法：选择我院就诊的无LEEP刀手术禁忌症的中重度慢性宫颈炎患者80例,随机平均分为观察组和对照组。观察组于LEEP刀术后12d开始阴道推入高效单体银妇用抗菌凝胶1枚,1枚/d,6d为1疗程,次月和第3月月经干净2d后均每日阴道推入高效单体银妇用抗菌凝胶1枚,连用6d。对照组无阴道干预措施。结果：观察组在LEEP刀术后1、2、3个月的总有效率分别为80%、97.5%、100%,观察组宫颈创面愈合恢复期较对照组时间更短,两组之间有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论：LEEP刀联合高效单体银妇用抗菌凝胶治疗中重度慢性宫颈炎操作简单、安全,宫颈创面的愈合时间明显缩短,有利于患者阴道内环境的恢复和宫颈创面的愈合,疗效显著,值得临床推广应用。     

一种快捷小鼠心肌梗死模型的建立

目的建立一种快速高效不需要通气辅助呼吸的小鼠心肌梗死模型制作方法,并对制作过程中的技巧细节进行分析。方法 40只C57/B6雄性小鼠,随机分成手术组(25只)和对照组(15只),于麻醉状态下在左侧第3,4肋间隙挤出心脏,手术组结扎冠状动脉左前降支建立小鼠心肌梗死模型;对照组不结扎冠状动脉,其余操作与手术组相同。28天后,心脏超声系统进行心功能测定对比,解剖进行形态对比和病理染色对比心肌梗死和纤维化。结果至术后第28天,手术组心肌梗死小鼠的生存率80%,对照组的小鼠生存率100%。超声检测显示28天后手术组小鼠心功能明显降低,与对照组相比,手术组心室明显扩大,左心室舒张期末内径由3.52±0.10 mm扩大到4.65±0.08 mm(P<0.0001),左心室收缩期末内径由2.60±0.19 mm扩大到4.36±0.13 mm(P<0.0001);左心室射血分数由66.70%±1.41%下降到29.70%±1.64%(P<0.0001),左心室缩短分数由35.90%±1.01%下降到14.20%±0.80%(P<0.0001)。肉眼可见手术组小鼠心脏左心室心腔变大,心室壁明显变薄,梗死面积可达45.10%±1.53%;HE、免疫组织化学、Masson病理染色可见有明显纤维瘢痕形成,有大量炎细胞浸润。结论此种方法制备心肌梗死模型高效快捷,动物死亡率低,结果明显,是一种较好的方法。     

网络医学信息资源高效利用的绿色评价研究

在介绍网络医学信息资源高效利用的基础上，探索性提出有效性、时效性、存储空间节约性、可靠性4项绿色评价指标，构建绿色评价过程模型，对模型中参与各方的成员构成、职责、功能等进行分析，为评价及优化网络医学信息资源利用提供参考。     

硫糖铝联合法莫替丁治疗急性胃炎疗效观察

目的 观察硫糖铝联合法莫替丁治疗急性胃炎的临床疗效.方法 选择2007年3月～2012年1月于本院消化内科、内科就诊并被诊断为急性胃炎的患者217例,严格按照随机化的原则将所有入选患者按奇数、偶数分为对照组109例和治疗组108例,对照组采用法莫替丁40 mg静脉输注,治疗组在采用法莫替丁治疗的同时外加硫糖铝,治疗后两组进行疗效对比.结果 1个疗程后,治疗组的有效率为95.6%,对照组的有效率为86.2%,两组的疗效差异具有统计学意义（P 〈 0.05）.结论 硫糖铝联合法莫替丁治疗急性胃炎比单用法莫替丁能够取得更好的临床疗效,值得进一步推广使用.     

一种高效廉价的胃肠超声造影剂替代品的探讨

目的寻找一种高效且廉价的胃肠超声造影剂,以替代原有价格较贵的造影剂,利于实际临床应用。方法采用市售的各种食品粉剂作为原材料,每种粉剂分别选用合适的剂量,并进行不同的组合,然后溶于500ml沸水中,调匀,冷却至30～40℃,由医务人员先口服试用。通过彩超观察胃充盈造影剂后的表现,从食品造影剂的回声强度及均匀程度、胃壁结构显示的清晰程度、排空时间以及价格等各方面进行综合评价,选择最优组合作为新型的胃肠超声造影剂替代品,并对该新型的胃肠超声造影剂替代品与传统使用的＂天下牌＂胃肠造影剂所显示的常规造影区图像进行超声直方图比较分析,进而使用两种不同造影剂针对不同疾病获取的超声图像进行比较分析。将92例患者随机分为Ⅰ组42例和Ⅱ组50例。结果最终选择了＂南方牌＂黑芝麻糊40g＋山药糊20g的组合方式。Ⅰ组使用＂南方牌＂黑芝麻糊组合剂,Ⅱ组使用＂天下牌＂胃肠造影剂,2组造影区图像的超声直方图峰位和宽度比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。2组彩超显影病变均经胃镜或手术病理证实。结论 ＂南方牌＂黑芝麻糊组合剂可作为传统的胃肠超声造影剂的代用品,价廉,效果好,可大大减轻患者的经济负担,更利于临床诊断工作的开展。     

An efficient treatment strategy for histotripsy by removing cavitation memory

Cavitation memory effects occur when remnants of cavitation bubbles (nuclei) persist in the host medium and act as seeds for subsequent events. In pulsed cavitational ultrasound therapy, or histotripsy, this effect may cause cavitation to repeatedly occur at these seeded locations within a target volume, producing inhomogeneous tissue fractionation or requiring an excess number of pulses to completely homogenize the target volume. We hypothesized that by removing the cavitation memory, i.e., the persistent nuclei, the cavitation bubbles could be induced at random locations in response to each pulse; therefore, complete disruption of a tissue volume may be achieved with fewer pulses. To test the hypothesis, the cavitation memory was passively removed by increasing the intervals between successive pulses, ?t, from 2, 10, 20, 50 and 100, to 200 ms. Histotripsy treatments were performed in red blood cell tissue phantoms and ex vivo livers using 1-MHz ultrasound pulses of 10 cycles at P−/P+ pressure of 21/59 MPa. The phantom study allowed for direct visualization of the cavitation patterns and the lesion development process in real time using high-speed photography; the ex vivo tissue study provided validation of the memory effect in real tissues. Results of the phantom study showed an exponential decrease in the correlation coefficient between cavitation patterns in successive pulses from 0.5 ± 0.1 to 0.1 ± 0.1 as ?t increased from 2–200 ms; correspondingly, the lesion was completely fractionated with significantly fewer pulses for longer ?ts. In the tissue study, given the same number of therapy pulses, complete and homogeneous tissue fractionation with well-defined lesion boundaries was achieved only for ?t ≥ 100 ms. These results indicated that the removal of the cavitation memory resulted in more efficient treatments and homogeneous lesions.