驼背二种截骨术远期效果对比

作者对６３２例强直性脊柱炎并驼背畸形施行二种脊柱截骨矫治术，对其中１３５例病人进行了６～１０年观察，结果表明：７１例椎弓椎体联合截骨效果较好，驼背复发平均３．２°。而６４例椎板截骨效果略差，驼背平均复发１３．５°。经统计学处理，两者对比有显著的统计学意义（ｐ＜０．０１）。作者认为病变未完全静止，截骨术式的选择，术中身体重心前移未彻底纠正，以及外固定时间过短等是影响远期效果的因素。     

肝外胆管癌的诊治分析

目的：探讨肝外胆管癌的诊断和治疗的体会。方法：回顾性总结手术治疗的32例肝外胆管癌的临床资料、手术方式、手术并发症及生存率，并复习相关文献资料。结果：本组病例获根冶性切除14例，姑息切除2例，胆道引流术16例；手术并发症10例(31.3％)，手术死亡1例(3．1％)。其中22例获定期随访，存活一年以上的有12例(12／22)，至今存活8例。结论:早期诊断、正确的评估、合理的术式选择能提高疗效。降低手术并发症及死亡率。     

婴儿脑损伤早期诊断和早期医学干预探讨

目的探讨婴儿脑损伤筛查专科门诊在早期发现婴儿脑损伤的作用以及神经发育疗法治疗脑损伤的效果。方法采用专科门诊筛查，早期发现脑损伤忠儿。对婴儿脑损伤进行早期诊断和早期综合康复治疗，以临床疗效评估。结果专科门诊对早期发现婴儿脑损伤有意义，88．1％的患儿由门诊筛查发现而被诊断，筛查中应着重注意小婴儿肌张力改变（48％）和运动发育落后（35％），脑损伤中不明原因占18％，1岁以内脑损伤诊断以中枢性发育障碍（89％）、运动落后（11％）为主，治疗以神经发育疗法为主的综合方法，20d一疗程，108例1岁以下脑损伤忠儿治疗效果：显效46．2％，好转47．2％，无效6．6％，总有效率为93.4％，6mo以下疗效显著高于6mo以上脑损伤忠儿。结论婴儿脑损伤专科门诊定期筛查能够早期发现患儿，CDD和MD作为婴儿脑损伤早期诊断的名称是可取的，治疗以神经发育疗法为主，治疗愈早，效果愈好，婴儿脑损伤早期诊断和早期医学干预方法可以在医疗保健机构推广和应用。     

电击伤早期处理与预后的关系——附34例病例分析

本文根据34例电击伤临床资料,分析早期处理与病人全身情况、局部损伤愈合以及并发症的关系.并讨论间生态组织的处理原则.结果表明:伤后1天内与伤后3天以上就诊的病人比较,前者全身情况良好,创面感染率低,局部损伤用皮瓣或(和)皮片覆盖效果满意,并发症及截肢率均较低     

Single photon emission computerized tomography in childhood hydrocephalus

Single photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT) is now widely used as one of the tools in evaluating cerebral blood flow (CBF). The authors report the CBF changes in childhood hydrocephalus. Five pediatric cases studied by ¹²³I-IM SPECT in children are presented. The authors counted radioactivities both in early and delayed images in each patient, and calculated the reabsorption ratio (RR). Two negative-RR cases and three positive-RR cases were found. All of the negative-RR patients had a poor prognosis, while all of the positive-RR patients had a favorable outcome.     

Children's stories of hope: moving toward an expanded understanding of the world children live in

This qualitative study that allowed children to be the dominant voice examined children's stories of hope. Twenty-nine kindergarten children through to third graders were interviewed using familiar school items: story board, pictures, puppets, and so on. One elementary school, located in a large southwestern metropolitan city, was selected for this study. Data was coded and prominent themes emerged illustrating that children are much more moral than many adults give them credit for. Approximately one-half of the stories shared focused not on the children's wants or “hopes”, but on others - classmates, friends, family, or extended relatives. The findings support research that highlights the issues of care, concern, and compassion that are a priority for young children.     

早、中期胃癌的临床病理学研究(附75例报告)

目的　了解早、中期胃癌的临床、胃镜和病理学特征。方法　回顾性分析我院 11年中经外科手术和病理诊断的 75例早、中期胃癌患者的临床、胃镜、外科手术和病理等方面资料。结果　早、中期胃癌临床表现无特征性 ,男女之比为 2 .41∶1,以 61～ 70岁最多 ,胃窦是其好发部位 ,病理组织学以管状腺癌为多 ,胃镜误诊率是 12 .86%,淋巴转移率是 2 5 .3 3 %。结论　早、中期胃癌有明显的好发年龄和好发部位 ,以管状腺癌为多 ,胃镜误诊的主要原因是不能鉴别病变的良、恶性和准确判断病变量 ,影响淋巴转移的因素是浸润深度、广度、肿瘤大小和年龄 ,而与性别、组织学的分化程度无明显关系。     

In vivo fluorescence spectroscopy and imaging of human skin tumours

The feasibility of using in vivo autofluorescence for the diagnosis of skin cancer was evaluated. In vivo fluorescence measurements were performed on healthy human volunteers, and patients with different types of benign and malignant skin tumours. Fluorescence spectra as well as fluorescence images were acquired. The excitation-emission matrix of normal skin (n=3) showed a broad peak at the shortest excitation wavelength (365 nm) and at 440 nm fluorescence wavelength, smoothly decreasing towards longer excitation and fluorescence wavelengths. Non-melanoma skin tumours (n=31) and control skin excited with 375 nm showed a broad fluorescence band from 400 to 700 nm, peaking around 436 nm. No significant differences in measurements between tumours and the corresponding control sites were found. A large spatial variation in the fluorescence intensity was observed both in the tumours and in the control sites. Standard deviations found ranged from 0.15 to 1.5 times the mean fluorescence. Fluorescence images, excited with 375 nm and taken with an image intensified CCD camera, on eight malignant melanomas and eight benign pigmented lesions did not indicate any fluorescence intensity distribution specific to the malignancy of the lesion. Neither the shape of the fluorescence spectra, nor the spatial distribution of the fluorescence intensity showed any signature specific to the histopathological nature of the lesions investigated. Optical diagnostics of skin tumours using the autofluorescence does not seem to be feasible at the present time.     

Erfahrungen zur PFFB von isolierten radiusköpfchenfrakturen

Zusammenfassung Den Vorteilen einer osteosynthetischen Versorgung einer Fraktur mit sofortiger Aufnahme seiner Funktion, stehen die aus der Literatur bekannten Komplikationen gegenüber. Diese und unsere eigenen unbefriedigenden Ergebnisse nach der operativen Versorgung von Radiusköpfchenfrakturen ließen uns zu einer prospektiven randomisierten Studie einer primär funktionellen Behandlung unter Verzicht auf eine äußere oder innere Stabilisierung greifen. Seit Dezember 1991 haben wir im UKH-Graz bis einschließlich Dezember 1992 insgesamt 70 Patienten nach einem strikten Behandlungskonzept, unter Zuhilfenahme der Computertomographie zur Verlaufsbeobachtung versorgt. Die in 91% der Fälle als sehr gut and gut einzustufenden Frühergebnisse sowie das fehlende Auftreten einer, wie bei operativer Versorgung möglichen Komplikation, ebenso die zusätzlich deutlich frühere Arbeitsfähigkeit bzw. deutlich kürzere, wenn auch aufwendigere Behandlungszeit, lassen uns diese Verfahren nicht nur in unserem Hans weiterführen, sondern können wir auch weiter empfehlen.

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Experience with internal fixation of fractures of the head of the radius

The advantages of internal fixation of fractures, with the possibility of immediate resumption of the function of the fractured bone, are in contrast to the well-known complications described in the literature. These complications and our own unsatisfactory results after surgical treatment of fractures of the head of the radius induced us to carry out a randomized prospective study of primary functional treatment of such fractures without external or internal stabilization. From December 1991 through December 1992, a total of 70 patients were treated according to a strict treatment protocol at the Graz Hospital for Accident Surgery, and CT was used for observation of the healing process. The positive early results, which in 91% of all cases were classified as very good or good, the lack of complications that sometimes follow surgical treatment, the markedly earlier recovery of the patient's working capacity, and the clearly shorter — albeit somewhat more expensive — treatment period required have led us to continue using this method at our hospital and also to recommend its use elsewhere.

     

Bromodeoxyuridine Labeling Index as an Indicator of Early Tumor Response to Preoperative Radiotherapy in Patients with Rectal Cancer

Purpose Assessment of tumor proliferation rate using Bromodeoxyuridine labeling index (BrdUrdLI) as a possible predictor of rectal cancer response to preoperative radiotherapy (RT). Methods and material Ninety-two patients were qualified either to short RT (5 Gy/fraction/5 days) and surgery about 1 week after RT (schedule I), or to short RT and 4–5 weeks interval before surgery (schedule II). Tumor samples were taken twice from each patient: before RT and at the time of surgery. The samples were incubated with BrdUrd for 1 h at 37°C, and the BrdUrdLI was calculated as a percentage of BrdUrd-labeled cells. Results Thirty-eight patients were treated according to schedule I and 54 patients according to schedule II. Mean BrdUrdLI before RT was 8.5% and its value did not differ between the patients in the two compared groups. After RT tumors showed statistically significant growth inhibition (reduction of BrdUrdLI). As the pretreatment BrdUrd LI was not predictive for early clinical and pathologic tumor response, prognostic role of the ratio of BrdUrdLI after to BrdUrdLI before RT was considered. The ratios were calculated separately for fast (BrdUrd LI > 8.5%) and slowly (BrdUrd LI ≤ 8.5%) proliferating tumors and correlated with overall treatment time (OTT, i.e., time from the first day of RT to surgery). One month after RT, accelerated proliferation was observed only in slowly proliferating tumors. Conclusions Pretreatment BrdUrdLI was not predictive for early clinical and pathologic tumor response. The ratio after/before RT BrdUrdLI was correlated to inhibition of proliferation in responsive tumors. The paper was presented at ECCO 13, October 30 to November 03, 2005 in Paris, France