不同人群的婚检行为相关因素分析和干预策略研究

目的探讨不同恋爱、婚姻、生育阶段以及中学生人群对婚检制度的认识现状及干预策略。方法对702名研究对象进行婚检行为的问卷调查。结果未参加婚检的有高达80.6%（54/67）的人认为婚检是必要的。未参加婚检的仅有19.4%（13/67）的人认为婚检是不必要的;已恋爱人群认为婚检必要的比未恋爱人群（χ^2=8.42,P〈0.01）高;中学生调查方面：＂觉得婚检有必要＂占94.8%;已生育人群认为婚检必要的比欲生育人群高（χ^2=5.70,P〈0.05）。结论受调查者认为婚检是必要的,应在婚姻登记处张贴温馨提示,告知＂若不参加婚检,需要在结婚证上标明＂等干预措施。     

不同菌量感染大鼠尿路对尿道上皮组织CNF1、CD36蛋白表达水平的影响

目的 探讨尿路致病性大肠埃希菌(UPEC)的量与尿路感染模型大鼠尿道上皮组织细胞毒性坏死因子(CNF)1蛋白及CD36蛋白表达水平的关系.方法 将50只6～8周龄雌性SD大鼠作为研究对象,随机选取10只作为对照组,其余40只用于感染不同梯次的UPCE建立尿路感染模型,分别为101 CFU组、102 CFU组、103 C...     

不同年龄阶段儿童支原体肺炎合并细菌感染MSCT平扫图像征象研究

目的 对不同年龄阶段儿童支原体肺炎合并细菌感染MSCT平扫图像征象进行研究.方法 收集2017年1月至2019年4月在我院临床治疗后证实为支原体肺炎合并细菌感染的儿童患者86例的临床资料.按照年龄阶段<1岁、1～3岁、>3岁分为三组.观察三组患儿的临床表现、影像学结果和肺部受累情况.结果 湿啰音和高热是出现于三岁以下的...     

基于经典名方的山茱萸本草考证

山茱萸作为临床常用中药,具有补益肝肾,收涩固脱之效。鉴于历代医药学家对山茱萸药用部位颇有争议,笔者通过查阅历代本草、医学典籍,结合现代相关文献、标准等资料,对山茱萸名称、基原、产地变迁及品质、药用部位、采收加工及炮制、性味功效、用法用量等内容进行本草学考证,为确保含有山茱萸的经典名方能够精准用药以及为进一步开发利用提供参考。经考证可知,山茱萸从古至今来源为山茱萸科植物山茱萸Cornus officinalis Sieb.et Zucc.,最早产于山东、陕西一带,后延伸至河南、浙江等地大量栽培,现商品多以浙江所产品质为佳。山茱萸最初应是以全果实入药,但由于“核能滑精”说的影响致使山萸肉(去核之果肉)成了历代主流品规,但在临床实际应用中,2种规格均存在,应根据患者类型辨证使用。山茱萸在历代本草、医学典籍中记载的炮制方法也较多,但主流品种为山茱萸生品和酒萸肉。此外,山茱萸性味也从最初“味酸,平、微温无毒”演变为“味酸、涩,性微温”,历代用药剂量更是与药典规定的剂量范围出入较大,建议临床医师在条件允许的情况下,应根据患者及病证类型,选择合适的经方剂量,以最大限度保证山茱萸应有的临床疗效。     

An unusual origin of the celiac trunk and the superior mesenteric artery in the thorax

The authors report a case of a 44‐year‐old male found to have unusual origins of the celiac trunk (CT) and superior mesernteric artrery (SMA) as revealed by routine multidetector computed tomograph (MDCT) angiography. The CT and SMA originate from the thoracic aorta (TA) 21 mm and 9 mm above the aortic hiatus, respectively. The median arcuate ligament (MAL) is located at the level of the L1–L2 intervertebral disc. The course of the CT descends in the thoracic cavity making a 14° acute downward angle in front of the TA; below the level of the MAL, the CT descends, making an angle of 47°. The course of the SMA descends at both the thoracic and abdominal level making an angle of 17°, and having an aortomesenteric distance of 9 mm at the level of the third part of the duodenum. In the present case, the supradiaphragmatic origin of the CT and the SMA was determined by their incomplete caudal descent, associated with a pronounced apparent descent of the diaphragm. A thoracic origin of the CT and SMA and the acute downward aortomesenteric angle (17°) associated with a reduced aortomesenteric distance at the level of the third part of the duodenum (9 mm), although no clinical signs are present, may predispose the patient to develop simultaneously a triple syndrome: the compression of CT by MAL (celiac axis compression syndrome), the compression of SMA by MAL (superior mesenteric artery compression syndrome), and the compression of the duodenum by the SMA (superior mesenteric artery syndrome). Clin. Anat. 26:975–979, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

A Different Kind of Christmas Tree: Anomalous Origin of the Right Coronary Artery from the Pulmonary Artery (ARCAPA)

Anomalous right coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (ARCAPA) is a rare congenital coronary anomaly that has an incidence of 0.002%. We report a case of a previously healthy female who presented to our hospital with pneumonia and was incidentally discovered to have ARCAPA. This was initially diagnosed on echocardiography by the unusual echocardiographic finding of multiple color flow Doppler signals around the right ventricular free wall and apex which were subsequently confirmed by angiography to be due to extensive collateral circulation between the left and right coronary arteries. This represents an unusual echocardiographic manifestation of this very rare condition.     

Homozygote C/C at rs12543318 was risk factor for non‐syndromic cleft lip only from Western Han Chinese population

Non‐syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P) is a complex disorder, and it results from both of the genetic modifiers and environmental factors, with genetic modifiers contributes to it more than environmental factors. GWASs made great progress in identifying the candidate genes for NSCL/P, but the findings need to be replicated in other populations. In this study, we selected eleven SNPs from recent GWASs and GWAS meta‐analysis to investigate their associations among 308 NSCL/P trios (134 non‐syndromic cleft lip only (NSCLO) trios and 174 non‐syndromic cleft lip with cleft palate (NSCLP) trios) from Han Chinese population. All SNPs were genotyped using SNPscan method and analyzed the data with FBAT, PLINK, and R package. Allelic TDT analysis showed that allele A at rs12543318 was associated with NSCLO trios (P = .0032, OR = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.39‐0.83), and parent‐of‐origin effect analysis indicated that allele A at rs12543318 was significantly maternally undertransmitted among NSCLO (P = .0046), which implied the potential influence of genomic imprinting; global TDT further confirmed this association. Individual genotypic TDT showed homozygote C/C at rs12543318 was overtransmitted among NSCLO (Z = 3.79, P = .00015) and NSCL/P groups (Z = 3.83, P = .00013), which indicated that it could increase the risk to have cleft babies. Our findings indicated that rs12543318 was associated with NSCLO from Western Han Chinese population, which will give new scientific evidence for later researches in the etiology of NSOCs.     

经典名方中香附的本草考证

从经典名方开发的角度出发，笔者通过查阅香附相关的历代本草、医籍及近现代文献资料，对历代香附药材的名称、基原、产地、品质、采收加工及炮制等方面进行系统的本草考证。结果表明虽有粗根茎莎草、藨草属植物等伪品曾作为香附使用的情况，但香附药材历代主流基原仍为莎草科植物莎草Cyperus rotundus，建议经典名方中使用莎草科植物莎草C. rotundus。其产区自唐朝以来，广东、广西及浙江地区始终为香附的优质产区。其中广东省西部地区产者习称广香附，浙江产者习称南香附。近代以来总结其品质以个大、质坚实、红棕色香气浓者为佳。延续至今常用的炮制方法为醋炙，建议经典名方中未明确注明炮制要求的香附药材以生品入药，注明炮制要求的处方根据方义选择相应炮制品入药。