肾茶提取物对实验动物神经系统药理作用的研究

目的考察肾茶提取物对小鼠神经系统的影响。方法肾茶提取物56.0、112.0、244.0mg/kg（相当于肾茶提取物生药量0.56、1.12、2.44g/kg）灌胃给药,观察给药后小鼠自主活动、爬杆运动和腹腔注射阈下剂量戊巴比妥小鼠的入睡率,考察其对神经系统的影响。结果肾茶提取物对小鼠的自主活动次数、运动协调能力及入睡率均无明显影响。结论肾茶提取物对动物神经系统无明显影响。     

Topical grape (Vitis vinifera) seed extract promotes repair of full thickness wound in rabbit

In recent years, oxidative stress and free radicals have been implicated in impaired wound healing. Grape (Vitis vinifera) seed extract (GSE) possesses anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. The present study was undertaken to assess the potential activity of grape seed hydroalcoholic extract in wound healing in rabbits. Rabbits of either sex were subjected to a 20 × 20 mm square excision made over the skin of the back. The animals were randomly divided into seven experimental groups, as negative and positive control, eucerin and treatments. Negative control group did not receive any treatment. Positive control and eucerin groups received phenytoin cream (1%) and topical eucerin, respectively, twice a day from the beginning of experiments to complete wound closure. Treatment groups were treated topically by cream of GSE (2, 5, 10 and 70% w/w) in eucerin base, twice daily. For evaluation of the percentage of wound healing, area of the wound was measured daily. Histological studies were performed on the 7th and 15th days of treatments. After complete healing, hydroxyproline content and tensile strength measurement of tissue samples were done. Results showed that there were statistically significant differences between GSE treatments groups and eucerin animals (P < 0·05) in most of the days. Rabbits treated with 2% GSE had best results (completed healing in 13 days, higher hydroxyproline content and higher tissue resistance). We concluded that the extract of 2% GSE administered topically has a good potential to promote wound healing in wound model of rabbits.     

复方松针提取液安全性评价

目的评价复方松针提取液的安全性。方法根据毒理学评价程序和方法进行急性毒性试验,长期毒性试验、过敏性试验。结果复方松针提取液对实验鼠的体重变化无影响,对血液学指标影响结果没有统计学差异,没有明显的皮肤刺激性。在长期毒性试验中,给药后2个月和6个月所有试验鼠均成活。结论复方松针提取液外用是安全的。     

瘦素诱导肝星状细胞增殖及银杏叶提取物调控作用的研究

目的:观察银杏叶提取物(GbE)对外源性瘦素(Leptin)诱导肝星状细胞(HSC)增殖功能的影响。方法:分别以不同浓度瘦素(0、10、50、100、200、400μg/L)在不同时相(6、12、18、24h)对复苏后处于对数生长期的HSC-T6细胞进行刺激,同时采用银杏叶提取物(20、40、80、160mg/L)对100μg/L瘦素刺激的HSC-T6细胞作用,设常规培养组为对照,均用四甲基偶氮唑盐(MTT)比色法检测细胞的增殖情况。结果:不同剂量瘦素在不同时间点对HSC-T6细胞增殖呈现剂量、时间依赖性(P<0.05)。银杏叶提取物能明显抑制瘦素刺激的HSC-T6的增殖(P<0.05)。结论:瘦素可明显刺激HSC的增殖,GbE对瘦素刺激的HSC的活化途径的抑制,可能是其抗肝纤维化的重要机制。     

万寿菊提取物对大鼠视网膜光损伤过程中细胞凋亡因子Caspase-3的影响

目的:探讨万寿菊提取物对大鼠视网膜光损伤过程中细胞凋亡因子半胱氨酸蛋白酶-3 (Caspase-3)的影响.方法:SD大鼠 40只,随机分为正常对照组、模型对照组、万寿菊提取物低剂量 组与高剂量组,各 10只.除正常对照组外,其余 3组大鼠均缝成开睑,采用日光灯照射,照光强度 (3000±100)Lux,持续 12h.光照射完毕后立即拆除缝线送回暗环境饲养笼中饲养 12h,再重复以上 过程,连续 3次,光照射时间总计 36h,建立视网膜光损伤模型.各组在光照前充分暗适应 36h,暗 适应前万寿菊提取物低剂量组、高剂量组大鼠给药,1天 1次,直至光照后 7天.实验结束,处死大 鼠,检测视网膜细胞中 Caspase-3表达情况.结果:光照后模型对照组大鼠视网膜外核层细胞浆中 Caspase-3阳性物质弥漫分布,含量增多.其面积、平均光密度、积分光密度和平均黑度均高于正 常对照组(P<0.05),而万寿菊低剂量治疗组视网膜外核层细胞浆中 Caspase-3阳性物质减少明显,四项指标与模型对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),高剂量治疗组阳性物质减少不明显.结论:万寿菊提取物对大鼠视网膜光损伤有修复作用,其作用机制可能与减少 Caspase-3的表达,从而拮抗细胞凋亡有关.     

柿叶提取物和银杏叶提取物治疗椎-基底动脉供血不足的临床疗效对比

目的观察比较柿叶提取物和银杏叶提取物在治疗椎-基底动脉供血不足所引起的头晕、目眩等临床症状方面的疗效。方法 60例患者,在尼莫地平、阿司匹林等治疗的基础之上,分别加入柿叶提取物和银杏叶提取物进行治疗干预。其中,柿叶提取物组和银杏叶提取物组各30例,两组均治疗30d,分别观察头晕、目眩等症状及血液流变学指标的变化。结果柿叶提取物组有效率88.3%,银杏叶提取物有效率73.1%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);柿叶提取物组全血粘稠度、血浆粘度、纤维蛋白原、红细胞压积、血小板粘附率等指标较银杏叶提取物组改善明显,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论柿叶提取物组较银杏叶提取物组能更有效地改善脑血液循环,扩张脑血管,降低血液高凝状态,改善椎-基底动脉供血不足所引起的头晕、目眩等临床症状。     

银杏叶提取物在慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期的应用研究

目的:探讨银杏叶提取物治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)急性加重期患者的临床疗效及抗炎作用.方法:80例患者随机分为观察组和对照组各40例,均给予常规治疗,观察组加用银杏叶提取物,疗程2周,观察两组患者治疗后的临床疗效,以及治疗前后血清肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-8(IL-8)、一氧化氮(NO)及血管假血友病因子(vWF)水平变化.结果:观察组患者总有效率为92.50%,明显高于对照组的75.00%,差异存在统计学意义(P＜0.05);治疗后,两组患者血清IL-8、TNF-α和vWF水平均下降(P＜0.05),血清NO水平均上升(P＜0.05),但是观察组患者变化幅度更大(P＜0.01).结论:银杏叶提取物可以显著提高COPD急性加重期患者的临床疗效,保护血管内皮细胞的功能和明显抑制气道炎症等作用,值得临床推广应用.     

Assessment of antifungal activity of herbal and conventional toothpastes against clinical isolates of Candida albicans

Objective

To detect the anticandidal activity of nine toothpastes containing sodium fluoride, sodium monofluorophosphate and herbal extracts as an active ingredients against 45 oral and non oral Candida albicans (C. albicans) isolates.

Methods

The antifungal activity of these toothpaste formulations was determined using a standard agar well diffusion method. Statistical analysis was performed using a statistical package, SPSS windows version 15, by applying mean values using one-way ANOVA with post-hoc least square differences (LSD) method. A P value of less than 0.05 was considered significant.

Results

All toothpastes studied in our experiments were effective in inhibiting the growth of all C. albicans isolates. The highest anticandidal activity was obtained from toothpaste that containing both herbal extracts and sodium fluoride as active ingredients, while the lowest activity was obtained from toothpaste containing sodium monofluorophosphate as an active ingredient. Antifungal activity of Parodontax toothpaste showed a significant difference (P< 0.001) against C. albicans isolates compared to toothpastes containing sodium fluoride or herbal products.

Conclusions

In the present study, it has been demonstrated that toothpaste containing both herbal extracts and sodium fluoride as active ingredients are more effective in control of C. albicans, while toothpaste that containing monofluorophosphate as an active ingredient is less effective against C. albicans. Some herbal toothpaste formulations studied in our experiments, appear to be equally effective as the fluoride dental formulations and it can be used as an alternative to conventional formulations for individuals who have an interest in naturally-based products. Our results may provide invaluable information for dental professionals.     

植物油提取新工艺得到的五味子提取物对小鼠睡眠影响的实验研究

目的观察植物油提取新工艺得到的五味子提取物的改善睡眠作用。方法采用植物油提取新工艺得到五味子提取物,昆明种雄性小鼠随机分为对照组及五味子提取物低、中、高剂量组,对照组给予橄榄油20 ml/kg/d灌胃,五味子提取物低、中、高剂量组分别给予五味子提取物150、3006、00 mg/kg/d,连续灌胃15 d,通过直接睡眠实验、延长戊巴比妥钠睡眠时间实验、戊巴比妥钠阈下剂量催眠实验和巴比妥钠睡眠潜伏期实验,观察对小鼠直接睡眠、阈剂量戊巴比妥钠睡眠时间、戊巴比妥钠阈下剂量睡眠发生率及巴比妥钠诱导睡眠潜伏期的影响。结果采用植物油提取新工艺得到的五味子提取物可明显延长戊巴比妥钠诱导的小鼠睡眠时间,提高戊巴比妥钠诱导的小鼠睡眠发生率,缩短巴比妥钠诱导的小鼠睡眠潜伏期,对小鼠入睡动物数及睡眠时间均无明显影响。结论采用植物油提取新工艺得到的五味子提取物具有明显改善睡眠作用,有开发利用价值。     

荔枝核提取物对非酒精性脂肪性肝炎大鼠肝组织巨噬细胞移动抑制因子表达的影响

目的：观察荔枝核提取物对实验性非酒精性脂肪性肝炎（NASH）大鼠的防护作用,以及对肝组织巨噬细胞移动抑制因子（MIF）表达的影响。方法：35只Wistar大鼠随机分为对照组（5只）、模型组（10只）、低剂量（10只）和高剂量荔枝核提取物组（10只）。除对照组外,其余各组均以脂肪乳剂（添加脂肪肝诱导药物丙基硫氧嘧啶）灌胃,另外低、高剂量荔枝核提取物组大鼠以荔枝核提取物溶液（250mg/kg、500mg/kg）灌胃。第6周末处死全部大鼠,进行肝脏组织学和免疫组化检测,对MIF的表达进行评分,并测定血清Glucose、ALT、AST、TG、TC、HDL和LDL水平。结果：与模型组大鼠相比,荔枝核提取物组大鼠可见肝脏脂肪变性、炎症和坏死改善,肝组织MIF表达及血清Glucose、ALT、TG和LDL水平显著降低（P〈0.01、P〈0.05）,血清HDL水平增高（P〈0.05）,且高剂量组Glucose、ALT、TG和LDL的降低显著优于低剂量组（P〈0.05）。结论：荔枝核提取物可改善NASH大鼠肝脏脂肪变性、炎症、坏死和血糖、血脂代谢以及肝功能损害,并能降低肝脏MIF的表达。