Risky drug practices and treatment needs of youth detained in New South Wales Juvenile Justice Centres

Demographic, drug use and criminal correlates of risky drug practices were examined among 279 detained youth in NSW Juvenile Justice Centres. Binge drinking was common, with 63% reporting the consumption of at least five drinks in a row in the 2 weeks prior to incarceration. It was associated with being older, being from an English-speaking background, regular tobacco consumption and having a current drug problem. A quarter (24%) of the sample had injected an illicit drug, over one-third (37%) of whom also reported sharing needles. Injectors were more likely to be polydrug users, regular amphetamine users and have a past history of drug treatment. While 16% of the sample indicated a need for drug treatment, only 10% were currently receiving some form of treatment, most commonly counselling. Appropriate strategies are needed among this population to address gaps in treatment provision.     

Route of administration and adverse effects of amphetamine use among young adults in Syndney, Australia

The relationship between route of administration and the adverse effects of amphetamine use (dependence symptoms, treatment-seeking, adverse psychological symptoms and violence) were examined among 231 Australian amphetamine users, half of whom usually injected amphetamine. Although 87% of users were recruited from non-treatment sources, a third had experienced symptoms of dependence on amphetamine, and a third had experienced an amphetamine-related health problem for which one in four had sought medical attention. There was also a high prevalence of psychological symptoms, such as depression, anxiety, paranoia, hallucinations and violence which were related to frequency of amphetamine use, and use by injection. Amphetamine users need to be better informed about the potential adverse effects of amphetamine use, and about ways in which they can reduce their risks of experiencing these harms by avoiding injecting use, and the regular use of high doses of amphetamines.     

Fertilization and pregnancies following intracytoplasmic injection of testicular spermatozoa

Purpose Intracytoplasmic injection (ICSI) with testicular sperm was performed in 16 couples. All men had ductal obstruction and failed previous attempts of epididymal sperm microaspiration.Methods Testis tissue was obtained by excisional biopsies and incubated in HEPES buffered EBSS medium over 24 h at 37C. Motile sperm (Grade 1 to 2) were recovered in 13 patients and fertilized a total of 62 oozytes. Four pregnancies were achieved.Results One healthy boy and two girls (twin pregnancy) were born.Conclusions The ongoing pregnancies revealed no fetal abnormalities on ultrasound scanning.Presented at the IXth World Congress on In Vitro Fertilization and Alternate Assisted Reproduction, April 3–7, 1995, Vienna, Austria.     

Meiotic abnormalities and spermatogenic parameters in severe oligoasthenozoospermia

The incidence of meiotic abnormalities and their relationship with different spermatogenic parameters was assessed in 103 male patients with presumably idiopathic severe oligoasthenozoospermia (motile sperm concentration < or = 1.5 x 10(6)/ml). Meiosis on testicular biopsies was independently evaluated by two observers. Meiotic patterns included normal meiosis and two meiotic abnormalities, i.e. severe arrest and synaptic anomalies. A normal pattern was found in 64 (62.1%), severe arrest in 21 (20.4%) and synaptic anomalies in 18 (17.5%). The overall rate of meiotic abnormalities was 37.9%. Most (66.7%) meiotic abnormalities occurred in patients with a sperm concentration < or = 1 x 10(6)/ml. In this group, total meiotic abnormalities were found in 57.8% of the patients; of these, 26.7% had synaptic anomalies. When the sperm concentration was < or = 0.5 x 10(6)/ml, synaptic anomalies were detected in 40% of the patients. In patients with increased follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) concentrations, total meiotic abnormalities occurred in 54.8% (synaptic anomalies in 22.6%). There were statistically significant differences among the three meiotic patterns in relation to sperm concentration (P < 0.001) and serum FSH concentration (P < 0.05). In the multivariate analysis, sperm concentration < or = 1 x 10(6)/ml and/or FSH concentration > 10 IU/l were the only predictors of meiotic abnormalities.     

参麦注射液对缺血大鼠心肌内钙超载的影响

目的：观察参麦注射液对大鼠缺血心肌细胞内钙超载的影响及其心肌保护作用。方法：用异丙肾上腺素制备大鼠心肌缺血模型,Ｆｕｒａ－２ 法测定大鼠红细胞胞浆游离钙浓度（ＥｒｙＣａｉ）;生化法测定红细胞膜钙泵（Ｃａ－ｐｕｍ ｐ）、钠泵（Ｎａ－ｐｕｍ ｐ）活性,同步观察大鼠心肌组织病理变化。结果：参麦注射液治疗后ＥｒｙＣａｉ较缺血组显著降低（１．６８±０．１０ Ｆ３３５／Ｆ３８５ ｖｓ１．５６±０．１５ Ｆ３３５／Ｆ３８５ Ｐ＜ ０．０５）,但仍高于对照组（１．５６±０．１５ Ｆ３３５／Ｆ３８５ ｖｓ１．３６±０．１０Ｆ３３５／Ｆ３８５ Ｐ＜ ０．００１）;钙泵（１０５．１±２９．４ μｍ ｏｌＰｉ·ｇＨｂ－ １ ·２ｈ－ １ｖｓ １２６．８±３０．７ μｍ ｏｌＰｉ·ｇＨｂ－ １ ·２ｈ－ １ Ｐ＞ ０．０５）及钠泵（３５．１±１８．２ μｍ ｏｌＰｉ·ｇＨｂ－ １·２ｈ－ １ ｖｓ ４３．３±１０．２ μｍ ｏｌＰｉ·ｇＨｂ－ １·２ｈ－ １ Ｐ＞ ０．０５）活性较缺血组有所增高,但无统计学意义,且钙泵（１２６．８±３０．７ μｍ ｏｌＰｉ·ｇＨｂ－ １ ·２ｈ－ １ ｖｓ １６８．６±３９．６ μｍ ｏｌＰｉ·ｇＨｂ－ １ ·２ｈ－ １ Ｐ＜ ０．０１）及钠泵（４３     

食管癌术后一次性硬膜外注射和肌肉注射镇痛法的比较

目的：确定硬膜外一次性镇痛法对食管癌病人术后的镇痛效果和减少并发症的意义。方法：９３ 例病人随机分成实验组（ Ｔ 组,５１ 例） 和对照组（ Ｃ 组,４２ 例） , Ｔ 组于手术结束缝合皮肤切口时经硬膜外导管于 Ｔ６ － ７ 水平注射吗啡１ ｍｇ 加１ ％ 普鲁卡因１０ ｍｌ, Ｃ 组用阿片类药物肌肉注射镇痛。结果： Ｔ 组病人术后疼痛明显减轻,各种并发症显著下降。结论：硬膜外一次性镇痛效果确切,操作方便,副作用少,对降低术后心肺并发症很有意义,尤其对年龄大、心肺功能差的病人较适合。     

生脉注射液对阿霉素致心脏损伤保护作用的实验研究

用Wister大鼠模型研究生脉注射液对阿霉素致心脏损伤的保护作用。结果：使用生脉注射液比单纯使用阿霉素,血清SOD活性升高,MDA、GOT、LDH、HBDH、LDH1／LDH2比值及心肌病理计分下降。表明;生脉注射液对阿霉素导致的心脏损伤具有保护作用,其机理与其清除氧自由基,保护SOD活性有关。     

慢心律联合丹参治疗糖尿病周围神经病变的疗效观察

目的 :为糖尿病周围神经病变探讨有效的治疗方法。方法 :选择 65例糖尿病周围神经病变患者 ,随机分为两组 ,一组为慢心律治疗组 ,另一组为慢心律联合丹参注射液治疗组 ,以临床表现改善客观指标及运动传导速度 (MCV)、感觉传导速度 (SCV)测定做为判定标准。结果 :两组经治疗 4wk后 ,慢心律组总有效率为76 7% ,慢心律联合丹参注射液组总有效率为 94 3 %。两组肌电图显示神经传导异常率均下降 ,而以慢心律联合丹参注射液组作用较强 (P <0 0 5 )。结论 :慢心律联合丹参注射液治疗糖尿病周围神经病变更有效     

薄层扫描法测定清开灵注射液中栀子甙的含量

目的：测定清开灵注射液中栀子甙的含量。方法：采用双波长薄层扫描法,测定波长为２４０ ｎｍ ,参比波长为３１０ ｎｍ ,狭缝为１－２ ｍ ｍ ×１－２ ｍ ｍ ,ＳＸ＝ ３ 。结果：在１ ～５ μｇ 范围内呈良好的线性关系,平均回收率为９９ ．８９ ％ 。ＲＳＤ＝ １－１９ ％ （ｎ ＝５） 。结论：本法简便、快速、灵敏、结果准确可靠。