多孔β-磷酸三钙/胶原支架修复兔下颌牙槽骨缺损的实验研究

目的观察自行研发的2种支架材料修复兔下颌牙槽骨临界骨缺损的效果。方法8只新西兰大白兔下颌骨制备10mm×8mm箱状骨缺损,分别植入多孔β-磷酸三钙／胶原与β-磷酸三钙／聚左旋乳酸2种支架材料,分别在4、6、8、12周时各处死2只。采用肉眼观察,锥形束CT与组织切片观察成骨效果与材料降解情况。结果β-磷酸三钙／胶原支架在各时间点成骨效果均好于对照组。在12周时,完全修复骨缺损。结论β-磷酸三钙／胶原支架可以快速、有效修复兔下颌牙槽骨临界骨缺损。     

Clinical comparison between the bleaching efficacy of light‐emitting diode and diode laser with sodium perborate

The aim of this clinical study was to test the efficacy of a light‐emitting diode (LED) light and a diode laser, when bleaching with sodium perborate. Thirty volunteers were selected to participate in the study. The patients were randomly divided into two groups. The initial colour of each tooth to be bleached was quantified with a spectrophotometer. In group A, sodium perborate and distilled water were mixed and placed into the pulp chamber, and the LED light was source applied. In group B, the same mixture was used, and the 810 nm diode laser was applied. The final colour of each tooth was quantified with the same spectrophotometer. Initial and final spectrophotometer values were recorded. Mann–Whitney U‐test and Wicoxon tests were used to test differences between both groups. Both devices successfully whitened the teeth. No statistical difference was found between the efficacy of the LED light and the diode laser.     

Focus on Fluorides: Update on the Use of Fluoride for the Prevention of Dental Caries

Improving the efficacy of fluoride therapies reduces dental caries and lowers fluoride exposure.BackgroundFluoride is delivered to the teeth systemically or topically to aid in the prevention of dental caries. Systemic fluoride from ingested sources is in blood serum and can be deposited only in teeth that are forming in children. Topical fluoride is from sources such as community water, processed foods, beverages, toothpastes, mouthrinses, gels, foams, and varnishes. The United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the American Dental Association (ADA) have proposed changes in their long standing recommendations for the amount of fluoride in community drinking water in response to concerns about an increasing incidence of dental fluorosis in children. Current research is focused on the development of strategies to improve fluoride efficacy. The purpose of this update is to inform the reader about new research and policies related to the use of fluoride for the prevention of dental caries.MethodsReviews of the current research and recent evidence based systematic reviews on the topics of fluoride are presented. Topics discussed include: updates on community water fluoridation research and policies; available fluoride in dentifrices; fluoride varnish compositions, use, and recommendations; and other fluoride containing dental products. This update provides insights into current research and discusses proposed policy changes for the use of fluoride for the prevention of dental caries.ConclusionsThe dental profession is adjusting their recommendations for fluoride use based on current observations of the halo effect and subsequent outcomes. The research community is focused on improving the efficacy of fluoride therapies thus reducing dental caries and lowering the amount of fluoride required for efficacy.     

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目的 探讨双氯芬酸钠对脂多糖（LPS）诱导的人牙周膜成纤维细胞（HPDLFs）白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）和肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）表达的影响。方法 本研究于2013年3—5月在山西医科大学口腔实验室进行。将复苏培养冻存的HPDLFs进行形态学鉴别后,用10 μg/mL的LPS进行诱导,分别以0.1、1、10、50、100 mg/L的双氯芬酸钠进行干预,酶联免疫吸附试验法（ELISA法）检测HPDLFs表达IL-1β和TNF-α水平的变化。结果 对同一质量浓度LPS诱导的HPDLFs而言,双氯芬酸钠能下调HPDLFs表达IL-1β和TNF-α的水平,并且随着双氯芬酸钠质量浓度的增加,IL-1β和TNF-α的表达量呈逐渐减弱的趋势（P＜0.05）。结论 双氯芬酸钠可能对于LPS诱导的HPDLFs IL-1β和TNF-α的表达有重要的抑制作用,这为牙周病的临床治疗提供了新的思路。     

COVID-19患者实验室指标变化的观察研究

目的总结新型冠状病毒肺炎(corona virus disease 2019,COVID-19)患者治疗前后实验室指标变化趋势。方法选择2020年1-2月宝鸡市中心医院感染科确诊的13例COVID-19患者为研究对象,回顾分析实验室指标在治疗前后的变化情况。结果治疗前后白细胞总数(WBC)、血小板(PLT)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、红细胞沉降率(ESR)、肌酸激酶(CK)、α羟丁酸脱氢酶(α-HBDH)、白细胞介素6(IL-6)、淀粉样蛋白A(SAA)、肌红蛋白(Mb)水平存在明显差异(P<0.05或P<0.01)。WBC、淋巴细胞计数(LYMP)、PLT、CRP、ESR、CK、α-HBDH、直接胆红素(DBIL)、IL-6、SAA、便潜血试验异常率在治疗前后存在显著差异(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论WBC、PLT、CRP、ESR、CK、α-HBDH、IL-6、SAA、Mb指标变化可用来评估COVID-19患者治疗的有效性,可作为疾病预后的评估指标;而WBC、LYMP、PLT、CRP、ESR、CK、α-HBDH、DBIL、IL-6、SAA、便潜血试验可作为其早期诊断及辅助诊断指标。     

烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸氧化酶4阻断剂对糖尿病神经病变大鼠坐骨神经凋亡的影响

目的探讨糖尿病周围神经病变(DPN)大鼠坐骨神经烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸氧化酶4(Nox4)表达改变及Nox4阻断剂VAS2870对DPN大鼠坐骨神经凋亡的影响。 方法40只8周龄雄性SD大鼠,平均体重( 203.5±6.4)g,30只大鼠一次性腹腔注射链脲佐菌素(STZ),其中20只患糖尿病,余10只大鼠淘汰;其余大鼠腹腔注射等体积柠檬酸溶液作为对照组(n＝10)。8周后糖尿病大鼠建立DPN模型,采用随机数字表法将DPN大鼠分为2组,VAS2870组(n＝10,尾静脉注射VAS2870 1 mg/kg,每日1次,共7 d)和DPN组(n＝10,尾静脉注射等体积0.9%无菌NaCl溶液,每日1次,共7 d)。用PowerLab数据记录分析系统检测坐骨神经运动神经传导速度(MNCV)和感觉神经传导速度(SNCV),用荧光实时定量聚合酶链反应(PCR)检测坐骨神经Nox4、半胱氨酸天冬酶-3(caspase-3)、B细胞淋巴瘤因子-2(Bcl-2)、Bcl-2相关X蛋白(Bax)mRNA表达,用蛋白印迹检测坐骨神经Nox4、caspase-3、Bcl-2、Bax蛋白表达水平,采用单因素方差分析比较各组间的差异,用Tukey检验进行两两比较。 结果DPN大鼠坐骨神经MNCV[(41.21±7.36)m/s]及SNCV[(30.39±7.66)m/s]均低于VAS2870组[(49.14±8.67)m/s,(38.95±6.24)m/s],VAS2870对MNCV及SNCV的下降具有减轻作用(q＝3.58,4.53;均P<0.05)。DPN大鼠坐骨神经Nox4(4.72±0.42)、caspase-3(5.02±0.43)、Bax(5.63±0.82) mRNA(q＝7.02,6.40,7.65;均P<0.05)及蛋白水平(0.86±0.10,0.78±0.17,0.95±0.13,q＝7.83,9.15,6.87;均P<0.05)较对照组mRNA(5.79±0.53,6.90±0.79,7.39±0.67)及蛋白水平(0.59±0.13,0.45±0.14,0.64±0.14)表达上调,Bcl-2 mRNA(6.81±0.60,q＝6.31,P<0.05)及蛋白水平(0.44±0.12,q＝6.20,P<0.05)表达下调。VAS2870组Nox4、caspase-3、Bax mRNA(5.31±0.44,5.71±0.60,6.41±0.95)(q＝3.66,2.98,4.02,3.38;均P<0.05)及蛋白水平(0.72±0.13,0.60±0.18,0.79±0.15)(q＝4.24,5.78,3.83;均P<0.05)均低于DPN组,Bcl-2 mRNA(6.29±0.47)的及蛋白水平(0.56±0.12)表达均高于DPN组(q＝3.38,2.81;均P<0.05),VAS2870部分逆转了Nox4、caspase-3、Bax、Bcl-2 mRNA及蛋白的表达水平。 结论DPN大鼠坐骨神经Nox4表达水平增高,通过调节凋亡相关蛋白caspase-3、Bax及Bcl-2表达促进坐骨神经凋亡;Nox4阻断剂通过减轻坐骨神经凋亡发挥恢复DPN大鼠坐骨神经传导速度的作用。