Correlation between 1.25 dihydroxyvitamin D serum levels and fractional rate of intestinal calcium absorption in hypercalciuric nephrolithiasis. role of phosphate

Summary Different mechanisms could explain the elevated calcium elimination, the main cause of calcium oxalate renal stones. Our results suggest that phosphate levels are decreased in patients with absorptive hypercalciuric nephrolithiasis and elevated serum dihydroxyvitamin D. This could be the reason why in this group of patients oral phosphate treatment prevented hypercalciuria and renal lithiasis.This work was supported by FlSss 89/0799     

Diagnosis of the acute ischaemic heart by ion elution from myocardium.

The post-mortem diagnosis of acute myocardial ischaemia may be difficult to establish in the absence of morphological changes in the myocardium or recent coronary thrombosis. Ischaemic cell injury leads to potassium (K) efflux and sodium (Na) influx and, if the blood is still circulating, the K:Na ratio of the tissue falls. In this study, the K:Na ratio was measured by eluting the ions from samples of myocardium and assaying the eluate. The method yields similar results to those obtained by a previous method, in which myocardial samples were homogenized. The K:Na ratios on samples of horizontal slices through the heart were plotted on maps of the slices. A low K:Na ratio corresponded to, but extended beyond, areas where there was morphological evidence of ischaemia. The method is simple and may be of use in routine practice.     

硝普钠透皮递药系统控释膜的制备

为了寻找能够控制硝普钠释放的控释膜,研究了数种高分子膜的通透性,其中以经过热处理的聚乙烯醇(PVA)膜控制硝普钠释放性能较好。进一步研究了热处理条件对PVA膜通透性的影响,发现只要热处理的温度和时间恰当,就可以获得具有一定通透性的PVA膜。     

Activities of creatine kinase isoenzymes in single skeletal muscle fibres of trained and untrained rats

Biochemical changes in the creatine kinase isoenzyme compositions in single muscle fibres of different types in rats were induced by endurance running training. Single muscle fibres were dissected from the soleus and extensor digitorum longus muscles of Wistarstrain male rats trained on a motor-driven treadmill for 16 weeks. Each fibre was typed histochemically (SO, slow-twitch oxidative; FOG, fast-twitch oxidative glycolytic; FG, fast-twitch glycolytic), and the activities of total creatine kinase and its four isoenzymes (CK-MM, -MB,-BB, and mitochondrial creatine kinase) were measured. The endurance training did not affect the total creatine kinase activity, but resulted in significantly increased activities of CK-MB and CK-BB in SO and FOG fibres, and the mitochondrial enzyme activity in FOG and FG fibres. Endurance training induced biochemical changes in the isoenzyme compositions, specifically in FOG fibres. These results suggest that changes in creatine kinase isoenzymes with endurance training reflect changes in the energy metabolism in the different muscle fibres, supporting the hypothesis that the different isoenzymes play different roles in energy transduction.     

Monitoring of skin response to sodium lauryl sulphate: clinical scores versus bioengineering methods

The present trial was designed to evaluate clinical scores (single observer) of sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS)-induced skin irritation in a group of subjects (n = 10) over a 10-day period along with various skin function parameters. In order to avoid significant variations due to secondary phenomena, the following parameters were recorded with non-invasive instruments in this order: skin capacitance (C1; arbitrary units; CM420 Corneometer), transepidermal water loss (TEWL; g/m2.h; Evaporimeter) and laser Doppler flowmetry (CBFV: cutaneous blood flow values; Periflux). All examinations were performed during winter on reclined relaxed subjects present for at least 10 min in a test room with controlled temperature and relative humidity (t degrees: 19.5-20.7 degrees C and RH: 47.3-60.3%). The analysis of differential data (delta = value at tx-value before test; 2-way ANOVA) was made on single parameters as a function of site (volar forearm versus neck) and time (from 24 h after 48-h occlusion with 5% SLS up to 10 days later). The profile of erythema scores over time differed between neck and forearm, but the delta CBFV readings with the laser Doppler instrument did not detect significant site-time interactions. Roughness (blind evaluation with palpating finger) and capacitance readings (delta C1) showed significant differences between sites, but the profile over time was similar in both locations. delta TEWL did not differ according to anatomical location. The reason for different erythema scores on neck and forearm might be related to inherent regional variation of optical properties of the skin or to a substantial contribution of SLS-induced roughness to the readings of erythema.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

血卟啉衍生物对癌细胞钠泵活性和糖酵解的光动力效应

血卟啉衍生物(YHpD)合并照光对S180瘤细胞摄取~(86)Rb,瘤细胞的钠泵活性及糖酵解具有明显的抑制作用,且抑制程度随YHpD剂量的增大而增强。瘤细胞的总ATP酶和(Na-K)-ATP酶活性对YHpD的光动力效应也较敏感.YHpD对Mg—ATP酶活性有轻度抑制作用。YHpD并用哇巴因,对瘤细胞摄取~(86)Rb的光动力效应比两种药物单独应用的抑制作用大。     

Blood pressure reduction in pregnancy by sodium chloride.

Volume expansion in the presence of elevated aldosterone availabilityis a hallmark of normal pregnancy. Intravascular volume depletioncharacterizes severe pregnancy-associated disease conditionssuch as intra-uterine growth retardation, chronic hypertensionor pre-eclampsia [1]. Two hypotheses have been forwarded toexplain volume depletion in pregnancy: the first hypothesischarges inappropriate sensing of vascular ‘overfilling’,resulting in an increased transendothelial loss of fluid tothe extravascular compartment. In contrast, the second hypothesisfocuses on vascular ‘underfilling’ due to inappropriatelylow aldosterone levels. The second hypothesis is based on theassumption that a compensatory increase in the circulating fluidvolume is required in normal pregnancy to support fetal substratedelivery. According to the second concept, maternal blood pressureincreases due to counter-regulatory mechanisms when placentalblood supply is reduced [2]. In support of the ‘underfilling’hypothesis are observations that a     

A cohort mortality study among cobalt and sodium workers in an electrochemical plant

We have studied the mortality between 1950 and 1980 of a cohort of 1,143 workers in an electrochemical plant producing cobalt and sodium. The mortality of the whole cohort is significantly lower than in the French population for all causes of death (SMR = 0.77), and especially for deaths from circulatory system diseases (SMR = 0.59). However, among cobalt production workers, there is a relative over-mortality, especially from lung cancers (SMR = 4.66, 4 cases). The relationship between cobalt production and lung cancer mortality was supported by a case-control study nested in the cohort study. The authenticity of the occupational origin of this risk could not be established due to the low number of cases and because the role of tobacco consumption could not be taken into account. Other studies should be carried out in plants producing or using cobalt.