RP-HPLC法评价山豆根药材质量

目的 探讨山豆根的质量评价标准。方法 采用反相高效液相色谱法(RP-HPL)测定15批山豆根商品药材中氧化苦参碱和苦参碱的含量。结果 山豆根药材两生物碱成分分离较完全且呈良好的线性关系，氧化苦参碱和苦参碱的平均回收率分别为98．4％和102．5％。不同地方购得的药材两种生物碱含量差异较大，氧化苦参碱为0．16％～2．47％，苦参碱为0．09％～0．69％，两生物碱总含量为0．76％～3．16％。氧化苦参碱的含量明显高于苦参碱且相对较稳定，并与两生物碱总含量高低基本一致。结论 氧化苦参碱含量或苦参碱和氧化苦参碱总含量可作为山豆根药材质量控制指标。     

短柱肖菝葜中的一个新化合物

 目的对短柱肖菝葜的化学成分进行研究。方法应用多种色谱技术进行分离纯化,通过理化方法和波谱数据进行结构鉴定。结果分离并鉴定了3个化合物,分别为2-O-α-L-鼠李吡喃糖基-5-C-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖基-4,6-二羟基-苯基-对羟基苯酮(Ⅰ);大豆素(Ⅱ)和β-谷甾醇酯-3β-吡喃葡萄糖苷-6′-O-棕榈酸酯(Ⅲ)。结论Ⅰ为新化合物,简易命名为肖菝葜苷B;所有化合物均系首次从该属植物中分离得到。     

南五味子根的化学成分研究

目的对南五味子Kadsura longipedunculata根的化学成分进行研究。方法采用硅胶、ODS、葡聚糖凝胶、HPLC等多种色谱技术进行分离,通过波谱技术鉴定化合物结构。结果从南五味子根95%乙醇提取物中分离得到了16个化合物,分别鉴定为pinobatol(1)、leptolepisol B(2)、(7S,8R)-4,7,9,9′-四羟基-3,3′-二甲氧基-8-O-4′-新木脂素(3)、2,3-二-(3-甲氧基-4,7-二羟基-苯基)-丁基-1,4-二醇(4)、(7′S,8R,8′S)-4,4′,9-三羟基-3,3′,5-三甲氧基-9′-O-β-D-吡喃木糖-2,7′-环木脂素(5)、aviculin(6)、异落叶松脂素(7)、lawsorosemarinol(8)、(+)-安五脂素(9)、异落叶松脂素-2α-O-β-D-木糖苷(10)、原花青定B3(11)、原飞燕草素B3(12)、(-)-棓儿茶素(13)、(+)-儿茶素(14)、脱落酸-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖(15)、(-)-oleuropeic acid8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(16)。结论化合物1~8、11~13、15、16为首次从该属植物中分离得到。     

Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of Costus afer Ker Gawl. hexane leaf fraction in arthritic rat models

Ethnopharmacological relevance

Costus afer Ker Gawl is an indigenous tropical African medicinal plant used as therapy in the treatment of inflammatory ailments such as rheumatoid arthritis. This study was designed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of the hexane fraction of C. afer leaves (CAHLF).

Materials and methods

The anti-inflammatory effect of varying doses of CAHLF on carrageenan, arachidonic acid, and formaldehyde induced arthritis in male albino rats? models were investigated in order to study the acute inflammatory phase. Complete Freund?s Adjuvant (CFA)-induced arthritis model was used to study the chronic inflammatory phase. Two known anti-inflammatory drugs, Diclofenac sodium (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug [NSAID]) and prednisolone (glucocorticoid [steroidal drug]) were used as standards for comparison. Various biochemical indices viz. superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione S-transferase (GST), reduced glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA), aspartate amino transferase (AST), alanine amino transferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total bilirubin (TB), total protein (TP), globulin and albumin levels were assayed using spectrophotometric methods.

Results

Control animals in which arthritis have been induced using carrageenan, arachidonic acid, formaldehyde or CFA showed significant increases (P<0.05) in paw edema when compared with normal animals. Treatment of the arthritis induced rats with CAHLF significantly (P<0.05) suppressed the edema. in vivo antioxidant study showed that CAHLF treated animals had a significantly (P<0.05) elevated GSH level, SOD, CAT and GST activities while MDA levels were significantly (P<0.05) reduced in the plasma, liver, kidney and brain. CAHLF treated rats had a significantly (P<0.05) reduced plasma AST, ALT and ALP. Plasma TP, globulin, TB levels were reduced while albumin levels were elevated in CAHLF treated animals.

Conclusions

CAHLF possesses substantial anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities against inflammatory diseases especially arthritis. It could be considered as a choice candidate in pharmaceutical anti-inflammatory drug development.     

Pharmacokinetic properties of trifolirhizin, (–)-maackiain, (–)-sophoranone and 2-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,6-methylenedioxybenzofuran after intravenous and oral administration of Sophora tonkinensis extract in rats

Abstract

1.?SKI3301, a standardized dried 50% ethanolic extracts of Sophora tonkinensis, contains four marker compounds (trifolirhizin, TF; (–)-maackiain, Maack; (–)-sophoranone, SPN, and (2-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,6-methylenedioxybenzofuran, ABF), is being developed as an herbal medicine for the treatment of asthma in Korea. This study investigates the pharmacokinetic properties of SKI3301 extract in rats.

2.?The dose-proportional AUCs suggest linear pharmacokinetics of TF, Maack, SPN and ABF in the SKI3301 extract intravenous dose range of 5–20?mg/kg. After the oral administration of 200–1000?mg/kg of the extract, TF and Maack exhibited non-linearity due to the saturation of gastrointestinal absorption. However, linear pharmacokinetics of SPN and ABF were observed.

3.?The absorptions of TF, Maack, SPN and ABF in the extract were increased relative to those of the respective pure forms due to the increased solubility and/or the decreased metabolism by other components in the SKI3301 extract.

4.?No accumulation was observed after multiple dosing, and the steady-state pharmacokinetics of TF, Maack, SPN and ABF were not significantly different from those after a single oral administration of the extract.

5.?The pharmacokinetics of TF, SPN and ABF were not significantly different between male and female rats after oral administration of the extract, but a significant gender difference in the pharmacokinetics of Maack in rats was observed.

6.?Our findings may help to comprehensively elucidate the pharmacokinetic characteristics of TF, Maack, SPN and ABF and provide useful information for the clinical application of SKI3301 extract.     

Antiinflammatory,Analgesic and Antipyretic Activities of Aerial Parts of Costus speciosus Koen

In the present study, methanol extracts of Costus speciosus Koen. aerial parts were assessed for antiinflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activities in experimental animals. The antiinflammatory activity of methanol extract of Costus speciosus (400 and 800 mg/kg, p.o.) was evaluated using carrageenan-induced paw oedema test. Analgesic effect was evaluated using acetic acid-induced writhing and Eddy’s hot-plate models and antipyretic activity was assessed by Brewer’s yeast-induced pyrexia in rats. The methanol extract of aerial parts of Costus speciosus in a dose of 400 and 800 mg/kg showed significant antiinflammatory activity (19.36 and 40.05% reduction) at 5 h postmedication. In analgesic models extract treated animals at (400 and 800 mg/kg) inhibited writhing’s caused by acetic acid by 14.24 and 31.90%, respectively, and it also increased the latency period at both high and low doses which showed the mean reaction time at 16.60±0.355 s and 14.12±0.355 s, respectively, when compared to control in hot-plate test. It also reduces the rectal temperature of the animals at low and high doses significantly 37.03±0.108° and 36.63±0.098°, respectively, in Brewer’s yeast induced pyrexia. The obtained results of the present investigation revealed that methanol extract of Costus speciosus has significant antiinflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activities.     

UPLC-Q-TOF-MS~E技术结合UNIFI数据库快速定性分析黄牡丹化学成分

目的应用超高效液相色谱仪联用四级杆串联飞行时间质谱仪(UPLC-Q-TOF-MSE)结合UNIFI天然产物信息平台对黄牡丹Paeonia delavayi var.lutea的化学成分进行快速定性分析。方法应用时间依赖型MSE方式采集样品质谱数据,结合自动检出及人工核对方法分析黄牡丹化学成分。结果通过UNIFI数据库自动检出、在线及离线数据库的检索和相关文献的人工核对,鉴定了57个化合物,包括单萜苷、酚酸、鞣酸、丹皮酚和三萜等类化合物。结论本方法可以快速全面地定性分析黄牡丹根的化学成分,为黄牡丹的质量控制和药效物质基础的阐明提供参考。     

Cytisine-type alkaloids and flavonoids from the rhizomes of Sophora tonkinensis

A new cytisine-type alkaloid, (?)-N-hexanoylcytisine (1), and a new isoflavan, (3S, 4R)-4-hydroxy-7,4′-dimethoxyisoflavan 3′-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (2), along with 10 known compounds, were isolated from the rhizomes of Sophora tonkinensis. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic methods, chemical evidence, and ECD data analysis. All of the isolates were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities against four human tumor cell lines.     

越南槐(山豆根)与多叶越南槐脂溶性成分的比较研究

目的比较越南槐(山豆根)和多叶越南槐的脂溶性化学成分。方法采用气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)技术对越南槐(山豆根)和多叶越南槐的脂溶性化学成分进行分析对比。结果通过谱图检索和分析,结果发现两种植物共有22个相同成分,主要为长链脂肪酸,两者含量最高均为十八碳二烯酸、十八碳烯酸和十六烷酸。结论越南槐(山豆根)和多叶越南槐的的脂溶性化学成分非常相似。     

高效液相色谱法测定山豆根中红车轴草苷和高丽槐素的含量

目的建立测定山豆根药材中红车轴草苷和高丽槐素含量的HPLC方法。方法色谱柱为Kromasil C18（4.6 mm×200 mm,5μm）,流动相为乙腈-0.1%醋酸溶液,梯度洗脱,流速为1.0 mL.min-1,检测波长为310nm,柱温为25℃。结果红车轴草苷在0.200 6-3.009μg与峰面积线性关系良好,相关系数r=0.999 6,平均回收率为99.6%,RSD=1.2%;高丽槐素在0.305~4.575μg与峰面积线性关系良好,相关系数r=0.999 9,平均回收率为99.2%,RSD=1.1%。结论所用方法简便、准确、重复性好,提供了更好的控制山豆根药材质量的方法。