越南槐种子化学成分的分离与鉴定

目的:研究豆科苦参属越南槐Sophoratonkinensis种子的化学成分.方法:采用MCI树脂、正相硅胶色谱、凝胶柱色谱、半制备高效液相色谱法等方法进行分离纯化,通过理化性质、波谱数据结合参考文献鉴定化合物结构,并采用琼脂稀释法测定部分化合物的体外抗幽门螺杆菌活性.结果:从越南槐种子的甲醇提取物中共分离得到了 22...     

C-27 and C-3 Glucosylation of Diosgenin by Cell Suspension Cultures of Costus Speciosus

Abstract

3-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1″ → 2′)-β-D-glucopyranosyl], 27-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(25R)-spirost-5-ene-3β,27-diol was isolated from cell suspension cultures of Costus speciosus, following incubation with diosgenin, and its structure was elucidated using a combination of one- and two-dimensional ¹H and ¹³C NMR spectral data, and positive and negative ion ESMS spectral data.     

A new cerebroside from Uvaria tonkinensis var. subglabra

A new cerebroside, subglain A (1), together with five known compounds (2–6) have been isolated from the stems of Uvaria tonkinensis var. subglabra. The structure of 1 has been determined to be 1-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(2S,3S,4R,8Z,2′R)-2-[N-(2′-hydroxytetracosanyl)-N-(1″,2″-dihydroxyethyl)-amide]-8-tetradecene-1,3,4-triol by spectroscopic evidence. The known compounds were identified as schisandriside (2), erythritol (3), β-D-glucopyranose (4), kaempferol-3,7-O-α-L-dirhamnoside (5), and (+)-lyoniresinol (6).     

乌蔹莓抗炎镇痛有效部位的筛选

目的探讨乌蔹莓抗炎镇痛作用的有效部位。方法采用二甲苯致小鼠耳廓肿胀、蛋清致大鼠足跖肿胀2种急性炎症模型以及大鼠棉球肉芽肿慢性炎症模型,研究乌蔹莓不同提取部位ig给药对急慢性炎症的作用。采用热板法和醋酸扭体法致痛,研究乌蔹莓不同提取部位ig给药的镇痛作用。结果与模型组相比,乌蔹莓水部位和乌蔹莓水提液高、低剂量组明显抑制二甲苯所致小鼠耳廓肿胀(P0.05、0.01),明显抑制蛋清所致大鼠足跖肿胀(P0.05、0.01),显著抑制大鼠棉球肉芽肿(P0.01)。乌蔹莓石油醚部位和乌蔹莓水提液高、低剂量组给药后明显延长热板所致小鼠的痛阈值,与模型组和自身给药前比较差异显著(P0.05、0.01);乌蔹莓石油醚部位和乌蔹莓水提液高、低剂量组明显减少醋酸所致小鼠扭体反应次数,与模型组比较差异极显著(P0.01)。结论乌蔹莓抗炎作用部位主要为水部位,而镇痛作用部位主要为石油醚部位。     

纸基-表面增强拉曼光谱法快速鉴别染色南五味子药材

目的 采用纸基-表面增强拉曼光谱法(SERS)对染色南五味子进行快速鉴别。方法 选用浸泡法制备的银胶纸作为SERS基底,擦拭经乙醇-水溶液润湿的南五味子,银胶纸立即进行SERS检测;先后对银溶胶的浓缩倍数、银胶纸的SERS增强效果及稳定性等因素进行考察。结果 成功鉴别低浓度酸性红、赤藓红染色的南五味子。结论 纸基-SERS法可实现非法染色南五味子的快速、准确、无损的鉴别,有望应用于快检领域。     

Preliminary phytochemical screening and antimicrobial evaluation of three medicinal plants used in Nigeria

Methanol extract of three Nigerian medicinal plants were screened for antimicrobial activity using modified Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion and agar dilution techniques to determine the diameters of zone of inhibition and minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of the extracts respectively. The extract of each of the plants were tested against five clinical bacterial isolates comprising of two Gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus) and three Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia) organisms. All the extracts exhibited moderate to high level of antimicrobial activities against these microorganisms. Phytochemical screening of powdered plant material revealed the presence of some secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, saponins, tannins, anthraquinones and flavonoids. These Nigerian medicinal plants could be developed into cheap, safe and culturally acceptable standardized herbal products and may serve as a source of new molecules for broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents.     

快速溶剂萃取提取山豆根中苦参碱和氧化苦参碱最佳条件研究

 目的 研究山豆根中苦参碱和氧化苦参碱的最佳提取工艺。方法 以苦参碱和氧化苦参碱的总含量为考察指标,利用高效液相色谱法测定其含量,比较了温浸、超声、回流和快速溶剂萃取(ASE)4种提取方法对山豆根苦参碱和氧化苦参碱提取效果的影响,通过单因素和正交实验优化ASE的提取条件。结果 ASE在提取效果上优于其他3种提取方法,影响山豆根苦参碱和氧化苦参碱提取效果的各因素主次顺序为：提取次数(D)>乙醇体积分数(A)>提取温度(B)>提取时间(C),ASE的最佳提取工艺：乙醇体积分数为40%,提取温度为90 ℃,提取时间13 min,提取2 次。在该条件下,得出苦参碱和氧化苦参碱总含量为（15.527 7±0.431 6） mg·g^-1。结论 该实验优选出山豆根生物碱的最佳提取方法,并优化了其参数,为山豆根生物碱的提取提供了一种新的方法。
     

含过量山豆根中药煎剂致中毒性脑病

1例49岁男性患者因银屑病每日服用含山豆根15 g（常用量为3～6 g/d）及11种其他中药的中药煎剂。第4天,患者出现四肢无力,食欲下降、言语不畅、记忆力减退。第11天停药。第15天突发昏迷,大小便失禁,四肢僵直。考虑为山豆根过量所致中毒性脑病。经大剂量糖皮质激素联合人免疫球蛋白静脉注射及多种对症治疗,患者神经系统症状消失。     

山豆根对小鼠黑色素瘤细胞B16-BL6生长、增殖的影响

目的研究山豆根对小鼠黑色素瘤细胞B16-BL6生长、增殖的影响。方法培养小鼠黑色素瘤细胞B16-BL6并随机分为对照组和处理组,对照组用不含药物的RMPI1640培养基进行处理,处理组分别采用含有400μg/ml、500μg/ml、600μg/ml、700μg/ml、800μg/ml山豆根提取物的RMPI1640培养基进行处理。采用细胞增殖抑制实验、黏附实验、侵袭重组基底膜实验、趋化性运动实验观察山豆根提取物对黑色素瘤细胞B16-BL6增殖、黏附、侵袭和转移的影响。结果山豆根提取物终浓度为700、800μg/ml时,B16-BL6细胞增殖生长OD值明显低于对照组(t=2.526,4.371,P0.05);山豆根提取物终浓度为500、600、700、800μg/ml时,黏附能力OD值明显低于对照组(t=4.856,8.515,8.926,12.357,P0.05),侵袭细胞数明显低于对照组(t=4.661,9.824,12.460,16.300,P0.05),趋化性运动细胞数明显低于对照组(t=2.698,3.906,6.012,7.974,P0.05)。结论山豆根具有抑制小鼠黑色素瘤细胞B16-BL6增殖、黏附、侵袭和转移的能力,且与药物剂量呈依赖性关系。     

中药山豆根的形态组织学研究

对目前国内作山豆根用的9种不同植物来源的生药进行了形态组织学的比较研究,观察并描述了它们的生药性状和组织构造,并列出了生药的分种检索表。