Recovery and Separation of Dysprosium from Waste Neodymium Magnets through Cyphos IL 104 Extraction

In the present study, the extraction of rare earth elements (REEs) from waste neodymium magnets using phosphorus ionic liquid Cyphos IL 104 was investigated. The objective was to recover and separate the heavy REE (Dy) from light REEs (Nd and Pr). Therefore, the experimental parameters of ionic liquid extraction, including contacting time, the initial pH value, extractant concentration, and O/A ratio, have been optimized. The highest separation factor α_Dy/Nd of 45.18 and α_Dy/Pr of 47.93 has been achieved. Following the ionic liquid extraction, the comparison of different stripping agents and the stripping parameters (the concentration of stripping agent and A/O ratio) were also explored. In short terms, this research demonstrates the optimal parameters of Cyphos IL 104 for selectively extracting high REE (Dy) and reveals its potential for recovering and separating REEs in real waste.     

Thermostructural Numerical Analysis of the Thrust Chamber of a Liquid Propellant Rocket Engine

The numerical simulation of rocket engine thrust chambers is very challenging as several damaging phenomena, such as plasticity, low-cycle-fatigue (LCF) and creep occur during its service life. The possibility of simulating the thermostructural behavior of the engine, by means of non-linear finite element analyses, allows the engineers to guarantee the structural safety of the structure. This document reports the numerical simulations developed with the aim of predicting the thermostructural behaviour and the service life of the thrust chamber of a liquid-propellant rocket engine. The work represents a step ahead of previous researches by the authors, with particular reference to the addition of the Smith-Watson-Topper (SWT) fatigue criterion, and to the implementation of a sub-modelling technique, for a more accurate assessment of the most critical section of the component. It was found that the equivalent plastic strains in the most critical nodes obtained through the sub-modelling technique were about 20% lower than those calculated without sub-modelling. Consistently with experimental tests from literature conducted on similar geometries, the most critical areas resulted to be on the internal surface of the chamber. The analyses demonstrated that the LCF damaging contribution was significant, with a life prediction for the thrust chamber of about 3400 cycles.     

改良复合式小梁切除术治疗青光眼的临床观察

目的 观察改良复合式小梁切除术治疗青光眼的临床疗效。方法 随机选择26例（36眼）青光眼患者施行复合式小梁切除术（观察组）；随机对照组32例（38眼）行单纯小梁切除术，分析比较两组术后眼压、滤过泡及前房深度。结果 术后第1天浅前房发生率观察组为2．8％，明显低于对照组21．1％（P〈0．05）。随访一年，观察组功能性滤过泡占88．9％，较对照组功能性滤过泡65．8％为多（P〈0．05）；以不用降眼压药物眼压控制在21mmHg（1mmHg=0．133kPa）以下为手术成功标准，观察组手术成功率为94．4％，较对照组71．1％为高（P〈0．05）。结论 改良复合式小梁切除术提高了手术成功率，可有效地控制滤过量而减少术后浅前房的发生。     

聚维酮碘乳膏治疗足癣的临床研究

目的:观察聚维酮碘乳膏治疗足癣的疗效。方法:将符合入选标准的94例患者随机分两组,治疗组清洁局部后将聚维酮碘乳膏涂敷于患处,bid。对照组予派瑞松霜按照药品说明书使用。两组均疗程3周。对痊愈者随访半年。结果:临床治愈率治疗组64.44%,两组比较U=2.883,P<0.01;有效率治疗组93.33%,两组比较X2=7.866,P<0.01;真菌清除率治疗组94.77%,两组比较X2=0.679,P=0.372;不良反应率治疗组4.44%,两组比较X2=4.0226,P=0.0432;随访半年痊愈者复发率治疗组6.89%(2/29),两组比较X2=3.9455,P=0.0421。结论:聚维酮碘乳膏治疗足癣安全有效。     

Liquid Biopsy at Home: Delivering Precision Medicine for Patients with Cancer During the COVID-19 Pandemic

CoronaVirus disease-2019 has changed the delivery of health care worldwide and the pandemic has challenged oncologists to reorganize cancer care. Recently, progress has been made in the field of precision medicine to provide to patients with cancer the best therapeutic choice for their individual needs. In this context, the Foundation Medicine (FMI)-Liquid@Home project has emerged as a key weapon to deal with the new pandemic situation. FoundationOne Liquid Assay (F1L) is a next-generation sequences-based liquid biopsy service, able to detect 324 molecular alterations and genomic signatures, from May 2020 available at patients’ home (FMI-Liquid@Home). We analyzed time and costs saving for patients with cancer, their caregivers and National Healthcare System (NHS) with FMI-Liquid@Home versus F1L performed at our Department. Different variables have been evaluated. Between May 2020 and August 2021, 218 FMI-Liquid@Home were performed for patients with cancer in Italy. Among these, our Department performed 153 FMI-Liquid@Home with the success rate of 98% (vs. 95% for F1L in the hospital). Time saving for patients and their caregivers was 494.86 and 427.36 hours, respectively, and costs saving was 13 548.70€. Moreover, for working people these savings were 1084.71 hours and 31 239.65€, respectively. In addition, the total gain for the hospital was 163.5 hours and 6785€, whereas for NHS was 1084.71 hours and 51 573.60€, respectively. FMI-Liquid@Home service appears to be useful and convenient allowing time and costs saving for patients, caregivers, and NHS. Born during the COVID-19 pandemic, it could be integrated in oncological daily routine in the future. Therefore, additional studies are needed to better understand the overall gain and how to integrate this service in different countries.     

RP-HPLC法测定复方金蒲片中延胡索乙素的含量

目的建立复方金蒲片中延胡索乙素的含量测定方法。方法采用高效液相色谱法,色谱柱为Hypersil BDS-C18,流动相为甲醇-5%乙酸(40:60),并用浓氨试液调至pH4.7,流速1.0mL/min,柱温为25℃,检测波长280nm。结果延胡索乙素浓度在0.436～2.180μg范围内峰面积与浓度呈良好线性关系,r=0.9997,平均回收率为98.4%,延胡索乙素与其相邻杂质峰的分离度符合要求。结论本方法简便、专属、重复性好,可用于延胡索乙素的定量分析。     

大黄酚包合物的制备及其体外释药的研究

目的 筛选制备大黄酚包合物的最佳工艺.方法 采用正交试验设计以包封率和栽药量为指标筛选最佳工艺条件,采用HPLC法测定其含量.结果 大黄酚与β-环糊精的比例为1:4,包合温度为40℃,包合时间为30 min,搅拌速度为200 r·min-1时包封率最高.结论 大黄酚包合物制备工艺简单、方便,体外释放速度快.     

一种新的循环肿瘤细胞检测平台在膀胱癌诊疗中的初步应用

目的 初步探索一种新的循环肿瘤细胞(CTC)检测平台在膀胱癌诊疗中的应用.方法 选取膀胱癌患者10例为试验组,健康志愿者5例为对照组.10例患者均接受经尿道膀胱肿瘤电切术.术前分别取试验组和对照组的外周全血样本10 ml、尿液样本10 ml,术后再次取试验组的外周全血、尿液样本各10 ml.使用Celsee PREP 400TM循环肿瘤细胞检测平台分别检测所有样本中所含CTC,对比术前试验组与对照组血、尿样本中的CTC,对比试验组术前、术后的CTC.随访12个月,监测患者是否出现复发或进展.结果 试验组术前血样本中均发现CTC,中位数为4个(1~9个);对照组均未发现CTC.试验组术后血样本中,8例(80%)发现CTC,中位数为1.5个(1~4个),2例(20%)未发现CTC.膀胱癌患者术前与术后血样本中的CTC比较,差异有统计学意义(P=0.014).尿液样本因杂质堵塞微通道而无法检测样本中的CTC.随访1年,患者无疾病进展/复发生存率为80%.结论 Celsee PREP 400TM循环肿瘤细胞检测平台可有效检测血样本中的CTC,值得进一步探索其在膀胱癌诊疗中的应用.     

Evaluation of protective effects of Chi-Zhi-Huang decoction on Phase I drug metabolism of liver injured rats by cocktail probe drugs

AIM OF THE STUDY: Chi-Zhi-Huang decoction (PGR) is one of the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) preparations with unique effect on withdrawing jaundice and has been used to treat icteric patients in China for many years. In this research, we aim at to evaluate the potential activity of PGR in restoring hepatic drug metabolism in a damaged liver. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cocktail approach with caffeine (10mg/kg), dapsone (10mg/kg) and chlorzoxazone (20mg/kg) respectively as probe drug of cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoform of CYP 1A2, 3A4 and 2E1 was used to evaluate its possible effects on Phase I oxidative metabolism. Pretreated with three dosages of PGR water extract (0.75, 1.5 and 3g/kg, po) for 5 days, male Wistar rats (220-240 g) were intoxicated by phenylisothiocyanate (PITC, 100mg/kg, po) 24h before probes intravenous injection. The pharmacokinetics of the probes in the blood was determined simultaneously by HPLC, and their non-compartmental parameters were used to evaluate the metabolic difference among the groups. Moreover, the levels of liver enzymes (ALT, AST, ALP) and bilirubins were also measured for insight of liver function. RESULTS: The findings in this study suggest that PGR induces CYP 3A4, does not have much effect on CYP 2E1, and inhibits CYP 1A2 at high dosage. CONCLUSION: The current pharmacokinetic approach allowed the protective effects of PGR on oxidative drug metabolism in damaged liver to be systemically examined and will certainly help in the explanation of synergistic effect of the composites formula.