妊娠期糖尿病营养治疗进展

妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)营养治疗主要通过评估患者个人情况后制订合适的能量摄入计划,如限制糖类的摄入量,通过血糖指数/血糖负荷理论配合食品交换份法来搭配食物。科学搭配膳食三大营养素可为孕妇提供最佳的营养,促进适当的孕期体质量增加,达到理想的血糖控制水平,为胎儿正常生长发育提供足够的能量。该文就GDM营养治疗的基本治疗和最新进展进行综述。     

自我放松训练对心功能的影响

自我放松训练是建立在催眠暗示基础上的一种心理疗法。我们用XG—Ⅱ型血液循环功能测试仪对22例自我放松训练者放松前后测试,结果表明在放松训练中,心脏每搏输出量明显增加,而心脏指数无明显改变,提示它可以改善心功能。     

呼吸指数对慢性肺心病急性加重期呼吸衰竭患者临床意义的评估

目的探讨呼吸指数对慢性肺心病急性加重期呼吸衰竭患者临床意义的评估。方法158例慢性肺心病急性加重期患者测定了肺泡气氧分压（PAO2）和动脉血气,计算呼吸指数（RI）,并与同期健康人比较。结果肺心病各组之间、肺心病各组与对照组之间差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。肺心病各组各项指标治疗后与治疗前比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.01）,与对照组比较差异也有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;经单因素相关分析,RI与PaO2、PAO2呈显著负相关（r=-0.954、-0.556,P〈0.01）;与PaCO2、A-aDO2呈显著正相关（r=0.726、0.897,P〈0.01）;重度呼吸衰竭与中、轻度呼吸衰竭组比较,2个、3个和4个及以上器官衰竭发生率差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.01）,病死率差异也有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;中度呼吸衰竭组与轻度呼吸衰竭组比较,2个和3个器官衰竭发生率差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论慢性肺心病急性加重期患者的RI变化与其呼吸衰竭的严重程度一致,RI可作为判断慢性肺心病急性加重期呼吸衰竭程度、病情监测和预后的指标之一。     

社区劳务工人牙周健康的循证口腔护理研究

目的:探讨循证口腔护理模式对劳务工人群牙周健康的干预作用。方法:选择口腔疾病劳务工患者60例,根据循证护理原则制定口腔健康教育方案。分别于干预前及干预后6个月采用自行设计问卷调查其口腔健康知识知晓率和保健行为正确率,于干预前和干预后第1、3、6个月测定患者口腔菌斑指数。结果:干预后患者各项口腔知识知晓率和口腔保健行为正确率均较干预前明显提高(P <0.01);干预后第1、3、6个月,患者口腔菌斑指数均明显低于干预前(P <0.01)。结论:循证口腔护理能够有效提高社区劳务工口腔保健知识,改善口腔保健行为,降低菌斑指数,有助口腔疾病预防和牙周保健,值得推广。     

21台生物安全柜性能测试及分析评价

目的 了解生物安全柜的安全使用现况.方法 对21台Ⅱ级生物安全柜进行使用情况调查和物理指标检测.结果 生物安全柜洁净度和前窗操作口流入气流流速合格率仅为57.14％;高效过滤器完整性、下降气流流速、下降气流流向、前窗操作口边缘气流、观察窗气流、噪声、振动幅值、紫外线灯辐照强度等项目合格率分别为75％、80.95％、80.95％、85.71％、95.24％、76.19％、76.19％、71.43％.结论 生物安全柜性能检测合格率较低,存在生物安全隐患,要加强维护和检测.     

综合评价医院工作的指标加权百分位次累加法

本文提出了综合评价医院工作的一种方法——指标加权百分位次累加法。本方法分五个步骤:1.建立评价指标体系;2.制定评价标准值;3.对指标值进行标准化;4.根据指标重要程度赋予相应权重;5.进行综合评价。并通过实际资料对本方法进行了验证。     

Association of Dietary Inflammatory Potential with Blood Inflammation: The Prospective Markers on Mild Cognitive Impairment

Inflammation is known as an important mechanism of cognitive dysfunction. Systemic immune inflammation index (SII) and system inflammation response index (SIRI) are two blood inflammatory markers, which are related to many chronic diseases including cognitive impairment. It is recognized that dietary inflammatory index (DII), which is used to estimate the overall inflammatory potential of diet, may be related to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) as well. This study aimed to explore the relationship between SII, SIRI and DII, as well as the role of these inflammatory indexes on MCI in elderly people. A total of 1050 participants from Beijing were included. Neuropsychological tests were used for cognitive evaluation. Energy-adjusted DII scores were calculated based on semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Blood samples were tested for calculating SII and SIRI. Log-binomial regression models were used to estimate the correlation of indexes. After adjusting demographic characteristics, SII and SIRI in MCI individuals were higher than controls (p ≤ 0.001). DII, SII and SIRI had positive relationship with MoCA scores (p < 0.005). DII also correlated with SIRI in MCI (β = 0.11, p = 0.031). Higher DII and SIRI could definitely increase the risk of MCI, as well as DII and SII (p < 0.005). In conclusion, DII was positively correlated with blood inflammation. The elderly with higher level of DII and SIRI, or DII and SII could be considered as people with higher risk of developing MCI.     

清炎颗粒治疗小鼠肾盂肾炎的实验研究

目的:探讨清炎颗粒治疗肾盂肾炎的作用机制。方法:采用孙建实方法改进造模,除空白组正常喂养外,治疗组给予清炎颗粒,模型组给予生理盐水,对照组给予至灵胶囊灌胃,分别喂养至3,7,15,30,60 d处死。取胸腺称重,计算胸腺指数,并取肾做病理分析。结果:清炎颗粒能提高不同时段小鼠的胸腺指数,并减轻相应时段的病理改变。结论:清炎颗粒通过提高小鼠的免疫功能来达到治疗肾盂肾炎的目的。     

经皮冠状动脉介入术治疗急性冠脉综合征综合评价指标的构建

目的:构建急性冠脉综合征(acute coronary syndrome,ACS)患者接受经皮冠状动脉(冠脉)介入术(percutaneous coronary intervention,PCI)的效果评价指标及综合效果指数.方法:应用德尔菲法结合综合指数法确定评价PCI对ACS疗效的指标及权重.结果:经2轮德尔菲专家...