间接免疫荧光法检测肺炎衣原体抗体的临床意义

本文采用间接免疫荧光试验 ,对 132例 (呼吸系统感染性疾病、冠心病和心肌梗塞 )患者和 40名正常人的血清进行了Cpn特异性IgG、IgA和IgM抗体的检测 ,以研究Cpn感染的状况和探讨检测Cpn抗体的临床意义。结果 :观察组CpnIgG抗体阳性率虽高于对照组 ,但无显著性差异 (P >0 0 5 ) ;观察组GMT明显高于对照组 (P <0 0 5或P <0 0 1) ;呼吸系统感染性疾病的CpnIgA抗体阳性率显著高于对照组 (P <0 0 5 )。因此 ,测定Cpn抗体滴度有助于Cpn感染与疾病关系的研究。     

IgE anti Hepatitis B virus surface antigen antibodies detected in serum from inner city asthmatic and non asthmatic children

Viral Hepatitis type B (HBV) is a public health concern, but has not been linked to asthma. Immunoglobulin (Ig) G is involved in HBV immune responses; less is known about IgE antibodies (Abs) against HBV in asthma. Given the importance of HBV, we sought to determine whether HBV vaccine contributes to asthma in children, by stimulating specific IgE production. Total IgE, IgE- or IgG-anti-HBVs Abs were studied in vaccinated pediatric asthmatics and non asthmatics. We found: (1) total IgE was higher in asthmatics; (2) total IgE did not correlate with IgE anti-HBVs; (3) IgE anti-HBVs did correlate with IgG-anti-HBVs in all subjects; (4)IgE- and IgG-HBVs Abs were similar in both groups; (5) IgE- or IgG anti-HBVs Abs did not correlate with age. Our findings indicate that HBV vaccination induces IgE responses in asthmatics and non asthmatics.     

男性淋病患者支原体、衣原体检测及分析

目的：探讨淋病患者人型支原体(Mh)、解脲支原体(Uu)、衣原体(CT)感染的情况。方法对206例淋病患者行Mh、Uu及CT检测,Mh、Uu用培养法,CT用乳胶法。结果淋病患者Mh、UU、CT阳性率较健康者Mh、UU、CT阳性率明显增高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论淋病患者Mh、Uu和CT感染的机会高,淋病患者有必要常规做Mh、Uu和CT检测。     

Apoptosis driven infection

Professional phagocytes like polymorphonuclear neutrophil granulocytes (PMN) and macrophages (MF) kill pathogens as the first line of defense. These cells possess numerous effector mechanisms to eliminate a threat at first contact. However, several microorganisms still manage to evade phagocytic killing, survive and retain infectivity. Some pathogens have developed strategies to silently infect their preferred host phagocytes. The best example of an immune silencing phagocytosis process is the uptake of apoptotic cells. Immune responses are suppressed by the recognition of phosphatidylserine (PS) on the outer leaflet of their plasma membrane. Taking Leishmania major as a prototypic intracellular pathogen, we showed that these organisms can use the apoptotic “eat me” signal PS to silently enter PMN. PS-positive and apoptotic parasites, in an altruistic way, enable the intracellular survival of the viable parasites. Subsequently these pathogens again use PS exposition, now on infected PMN, to silently invade their definitive host cells, the MF. In this review, we will focus on L. major evasion strategies and discuss other pathogens and their use of the apoptotic “eat me” signal PS to establish infection.     

Emerging Chlamydial Infections

Chlamydiae are important intracellular bacterial pathogens of vertebrates. In the last years, novel members of this group have been discovered: Parachlamydia acanthamoebae and Simkania negevensis seems to be emerging respiratory human pathogens, while Waddlia chondrophila might be a new agent of bovine abortion. Various species have been showed to infect also the herpetofauna and fishes, and some novel chlamydiae are endosymbionts of arthropods. In addition, molecular studies evidenced a huge diversity of chlamydiae from both environmental and clinical samples, most of such a diversity could be formed by novel lineages of chlamydiae. Experimental studies showed that free-living amoebae may support multiplication of various chlamydiae, then could play an important role as reservoir/vector of chlamydial infections. Here we reviewed literature data concerning chlamydial infections, with a particular emphasis on the novely described chlamydial organisms.     

宿主的遗传背景对呼吸道感染沙眼衣原体后Treg产生的影响

目的 探讨宿主的遗传背景对呼吸道感染沙眼衣原体后调节性T细胞(Treg)产生的影响.方法 对衣原体感染具有明显易感性差异的C57 BL/6(C57)和C3H/HeN(C3H)小鼠鼻腔吸入1×103 IFU沙眼衣原体小鼠肺炎菌株(Chlamydia muridarum,Cm),于感染后不同天数处死小鼠.利用细胞内细胞因子染色技术检测小鼠脾脏单个核细胞CD4+ CD25+T细胞、Foxp3+ CD4+ CD25+T细胞百分率,利用RT-PCR技术检测小鼠肺组织Treg细胞分泌的相关细胞因子IL-10和IL-2的mRNA表达水平,并比较Cm呼吸道感染不同时期C57和C3H小鼠Treg免疫应答水平的差异.结果 Cm感染在两组小鼠均诱导较高水平的CD4+ CD25+T细胞、Foxp3+ CD4+ CD25+T细胞产生及IL-10、IL-2mRNA表达.感染后第3天和第7天,高易感性的C3H小鼠脾脏CD4+ CD25+T细胞、Foxp3+ CD4+CD25+T细胞扩增水平,以及肺组织细胞因子IL-2 mRNA的表达水平均高于C57小鼠,感染后第14天,C3H小鼠IL-10 mRNA表达水平明显高于C57小鼠.结论 衣原体呼吸道感染在高易感性的C3H小鼠诱导高水平的Treg的增殖及Treg相关细胞因子IL-10、IL-2的表达,从而对衣原体特异的Th1免疫应答抑制作用增强,在小鼠衣原体呼吸道感染易感性差异中发挥重要作用.     

实时荧光定量PCR检测沙眼衣原体的研究

目的采用TaqMan探针建立检测沙眼衣原体的实时荧光定量PCR（real-time PCR）方法。方法根据沙眼衣原体外膜蛋白A的基因（ompA）序列设计引物和探针,以克隆的ompA部分基因片段作DNA模板,建立实时荧光定量检测方法。结果建立的荧光定量PCR检测方法的最低检出限为5 copies/反应,检测线性范围100～107线性关系良好（r2=0.997）,比巢式PCR敏感100倍;且与鹦鹉热衣原体、淋球菌、解脲脲原体、大肠杆菌等病原菌DNA以及人基因组DNA均无交叉反应,表明该方法具有良好的特异性。以巢式PCR作参比,建立的荧光定量PCR法检测沙眼衣原体的阳性符合率为100.00%,阴性符合率为95.09%,总符合率为96.81%。结论建立的检测沙眼衣原体实时荧光定量PCR具有特异性强和敏感性高的特点,可快速检测样本中微量沙眼衣原体DNA,适用于对沙眼衣原体进行大规模筛选。     

含E型沙眼衣原体MOMP基因的重组腺病毒和DNA疫苗联合免疫效果的研究

目的探讨E型沙眼衣原体（Ct）主要外膜蛋白（MOMP）DNA疫苗和重组腺病毒联合免疫小鼠诱导的免疫效应。方法构建、纯化重组腺病毒Ad-MOMP及重组真核表达质粒pVAX1-MOMP。设计4种免疫方案,分别为DNA免疫（ DNA组）、重组腺病毒免疫（ Ad组）、DNA初次免疫-重组腺病毒加强免疫（ DNA/Ad组）、重组腺病毒初次免疫-DNA加强免疫（ Ad/DNA组）。末次免疫后2周检测小鼠血清特异IgG、IgG1、IgG2a、IgA抗体,阴道分泌物SIgA抗体及脾淋巴细胞分泌IFN-γ、IL-10水平。结果DNA组诱导较弱免疫应答,未产生SIgA抗体及Th1反应。 Ad组诱导出Th1反应及SIgA抗体,且血清抗体显著高于DNA组。联合免疫均能诱导明显强于单独免疫的黏膜SIgA、血清抗体及Th1反应。 Ad/DNA组的Th1反应强于DNA/Ad组;而DNA/Ad组的血清抗体和黏膜抗体水平强于Ad/DNA组。结论Ad-MOMP能诱导黏膜免疫及Th1细胞免疫应答,DNA/Ad及Ad/DNA联合免疫产生的特异性免疫应答明显强于单独免疫。其中Ad/DNA的Th1反应优势更明显,DNA/Ad的血清抗体和黏膜抗体反应更强。接种顺序会影响联合免疫的强弱及类型,这为Ct疫苗的设计研究提供新的思路和实验依据。     

肺炎衣原体感染通过PI3K激活Rac1而诱导血管平滑肌细胞迁移

 目的:研究Rac1活化在肺炎衣原体（C.pn）感染诱导血管平滑肌细胞（VSMCs）迁移中的作用及磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶（PI3K）对其活化的影响。方法:谷胱甘肽巯基转移酶（GST）-p21活化激酶1 p21结合结构域（PBD）即GST-PBD重组质粒转化感受态细菌,诱导融合蛋白表达并纯化;GST-pull down实验检测C.pn感染VSMCs后Rac1活性的变化;PI3K特异性抑制剂LY294002 （25 μmol/L）预处理VSMCs,GST-pull down实验检测Rac1活性的变化;Rac1特异性抑制剂NSC23766（50 μmol/L）预处理VSMCs,wound-healing 实验和Transwell 实验观察VSMCs迁移能力的变化。结果:重组质粒转化感受态细菌后,经诱导表达和纯化,得到足量有效的GST-PBD融合蛋白;GST-pull down实验结果显示,C.pn感染VSMCs后Rac1活性增强且显著高于正常对照组（P<0.05）;LY294002预处理VSMC后,C.pn感染诱导的Rac1活性明显下降（P<0.05）;细胞迁移实验结果显示,NSC23766预处理的 C.pn感染组细胞迁移能力明显低于单纯感染组（P<0.05）。结论: C.pn感染可能通过PI3K激活Rac1,从而诱导VSMCs迁移。