Cost-benefit analysis of transesophageal echocardiography in cardiac surgery

This article evaluates the costs and outcomes associated with TEE during and after cardiac surgery. The costs include the direct and indirect costs--the complications of TEE. The outcomes include the positive consequences or the benefits: money and lives saved. The article uses liberal (high) estimates of the direct and indirect costs of TEE and conservative (low) estimates of the benefits. The exact cost or benefit depends on the number of cases performed. The analysis shows that patients having surgery for congenital heart disease derive the greatest overall benefit: around $600 per case studied. Patients having valvular repair surgery derive the next greatest benefit: around $450 per case studied. In contrast patients having valve replacement have an overall cost of around $150 per case studied. Patients having surgery for coronary artery disease also derive an overall benefit: around $100-$300 per case studied, depending upon assumptions regarding TEE's role in prevention of intraoperative strokes. This analysis indicates that the financial benefits of TEE are substantial and frequently outweigh costs in patients requiring cardiac surgery.     

Q—T间期延长对急性心肌梗死预后的估价

近来,对Q—T间期在心肌梗死中变化的意义愈来愈受到重视。恶性室性心律失常或摔死被认为与Q—TIN期的变化有关、本文将对27例急性心肌梗死病例进行回顾性分析．提示Q—TIW期延长是影响心肌梗死病人预后的重要因素之一。llta床资料1．l一般资料。取自我院收治的27例急性心肌梗死（AMI）病历。其中男20例,女7例。年龄分布40～84岁,其中40岁～50岁6例,sl岁～60岁9例,61岁～70岁10例,71岁以上者2例。1．2方法。测量所有心电图的Q—T间期变化．排除心率、年龄、性别及药物对Q—T间期的影响。根据D。rshazi及Cinca标准,测量AMI敏…     

A review of recovery from sevoflurane anaesthesia: comparisons with isoflurane and propofol including meta-analysis

BACKGROUND: Sevoflurane has a lower blood:gas partition coefficient than isoflurane and thus should be associated with a more rapid recovery from anaesthesia. METHODS: A review and meta-analysis were employed to examine the recovery profiles of adult patients following anaesthesia, comparing sevoflurane to isoflurane and sevoflurane to propofol. RESULTS: There were significant differences in times to several recovery events that favoured sevoflurane to isoflurane anaesthesia, including time to emergence, response to commands, extubation, and orientation. Likewise, there were significant differences in times to the same recovery events following anaesthesia with sevoflurane versus propofol. There were no differences in time to recovery room discharge when comparing sevoflurane to isoflurane or propofol. CONCLUSION: The observed differences between sevoflurane and isoflurane or propofol anaesthesia support the postulate that the use of sevoflurane is associated with a more rapid recovery from anaesthesia than either isoflurane or propofol.     

米非司酮对妊娠期尖锐湿疣的疗效观察

目的 探讨米非司酮对妊娠期尖锐湿疣的疗效。方法 将早孕合并尖锐湿疣的48例患分为实验组28例,对照组20例。实验组口服米非司酮,对照组行激光治疗,观察一周内尖锐湿疣组织的脱落情况,并作X^2检验。结果实验组尖锐湿疣组织脱落情况明显优于对照组(P<0．01)。结论米非司酮对妊娠期尖锐湿疣有很好的疗效。     

敏感期内、末单眼斜视和剥夺猫视觉系统脑源性神经营养因子表达机理研究

目的观察和研究敏感期内、末不同时限单眼斜视
(monocularstrabismus,MS)和单眼剥夺(monoculardeprivation,
MD)幼猫视皮质、外侧膝状体的脑源性神经营养因子(brain
derivedneurotrophicfactor,BDNF)的可塑性变化。从形态学、分
子神经生物学角度探讨不同时限MS和MD幼猫视     

Experimental brain tumors by transplacental ENU

Summary Experimental cerebral tumors have been induced by transplacental ENU. The morphologic study of the brains of treated rats revealed that cellular hyperplasias appear at the 30th day of extrauterine life in the paraventricular white matter, i.e., before the already known early neoplastic proliferations. Cytofluorimetric investigations failed to demonstrate differences between treated and control rats during the 1st month. On the contrary, adenylate cyclase activity is very high in that period. The duration of the latency period is discussed.This research was supported by Grants No. 79.00678.96 and No. 79.00664.96 of Progetto Finalizzato Control of Neoplastic Growth, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (C.N.R.), Rome     

Pediatric surgery in the Renaissance period

The emergence of surgery during the Renaissance marked the birth of surgery as a discipline based on clinical observation and improvement of technical skill. Some of the most experienced surgeons dealing with pediatric problems were Paré, Phaer, Würtz and, especially, Hildanus, who described more than 150 cases in children. Some minor malformations were curable, and some major anomalies were described for the first time. Renaissance surgeons had no explanations for the etiology of diseases and malformations. In many instances, the imaginatio was considered to be responsible.