The Impact of Pregnancy on Physical Activity Level

Objective The purpose of this study was to compare women’s levels of physical activity during early pregnancy and during the year before pregnancy, and to identify characteristics associated with discontinuing sports and exercise among women previously active during the year before pregnancy. Methods Data collected from 1,737 women enrolled in a prospective cohort study and who had no contraindications for exercise were included in this analysis. Measures of physical activity (including household and care-giving activities, active living and sports and exercise activities) during early pregnancy were compared to the year before pregnancy. Log binomial regression was used to identify factors associated with discontinuing sports and exercise during pregnancy. Results There was a statistically significant decrease in all summary measures of physical activity during early pregnancy. The largest decreases were observed in sports and exercise activity. Among women active before pregnancy, age <35 years, multiparity, less than university education, pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m² and lower levels of pre-pregnancy exercise were associated with discontinuing sports and exercise activities during pregnancy. Conclusion Most women reduced their physical activity level during the first 20 weeks of pregnancy compared with their level of activity during the year prior to pregnancy, particularly for sports and exercise, although a small proportion of women in this study actually increased their activity in this area during early pregnancy. Participation in sports and exercise activity during pregnancy is potentially modifiable and could favorably impact perinatal health and maternal post-partum weight. The results of this study suggests that pregnancy is an event that leads to a decrease in physical activity.     

Sexual dysfunction and hyperprolactinemia in Japanese schizophrenic patients taking antipsychotics

This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of sexual dysfunction, evaluated by the Nagoya Sexual Function Questionnaire (NSFQ), and hyperprolactinemia in patients with schizophrenia and examine a relationship between sexual dysfunction and serum prolactin levels. This cross-sectional, comparative study was performed using a sample comprising 195 Japanese schizophrenic in- and outpatients treated with antipsychotics (117 males and 78 females). Data were collected from October 2009 to January 2010 using single, cross-sectional ratings of sexual function assessed by the NSFQ and concurrent measurement of serum prolactin levels. The prevalence of sexual dysfunction in patients with schizophrenia was high (males 66.7%; females 79.5%). Hyperprolactinemia (>25ng/ml) was highly prevalent among schizophrenia patients, affecting 53.8% of females and 51.3% of males. Among female patients, 16.7% had prolactin levels>100ng/ml. There was no relationship between sexual dysfunction and serum prolactin levels. The present study demonstrated a higher prevalence of sexual dysfunction and hyperprolactinemia in Japanese schizophrenia patients. Clinicians should keep these problems in mind and discuss potential solutions with patients to improve patients' quality of life and adherence to therapy.     

Therapie-bedingte Form einer reno-cerebralen Oxalose?

Summary Within a short period of time, we observed 6 cases with the appearance of calcium oxalate crystals in the renal tubuli and in the walls of cerebral arterioles. Reviewing the case histories showed that all of these patients had received large doses of xylitol and had shown subsequently disorders of consciousness. A possible deposition of oxalate crystals following high-dose-therapy with xylitol is discussed.

     

À propos du suivi psychanalytique d’un jeune enfant autiste dans un dispositif de soins au Japon

IntroductionWe present the first case study of a Franco-Japanese child under six years of age residing in Japan and receiving psychoanalytic treatment.DiagnosisPrior to the age of two the child presented numerous symptoms impairing communication and social relationships such as language delay, stereotypies, lack of eye contact, and relational withdrawal, and was diagnosed with autism and intellectual disability.Therapeutic interventionSince the age of two the child had been treated at a frequency of two 45-minute sessions per week, associated with the interventions of two volunteers who provided a psychoeducational support role.Contributions of the studyWe detail the nature of his internal world and how the Japanese and pandemic context limited his progress. The case study reveals the near absence of autism prevention and treatment for preschoolers in Japan, as well as the difficulty of schools accredited by the Agency for Teaching French Abroad (AEFE) to accommodate individuals with autism. From a psychoanalytical point of view, the case study is an original contribution based on the theoretical-clinical corpus of the French school led by Geneviève Haag and the CIPPA, in a Japanese context.ConclusionsJapan must develop actions for the prevention of autism spectrum disorders by training professionals and by identifying the risk in babies from the age of six months. A report on the inclusion of disabled people in AEFE approved schools is urgent and must include parents, including those of children who have been forced to leave school. The length of time to process requests of disability recognition at the MDPH is excessively long: in the present case, there was no response after two years and a loss of the application file circulating between the consular services and the MDPH. The worldwide treatment of early childhood autism has been dominated for decades by behavioral and psycho-educational approaches. Today, it must be associated with a questioning of the internal world, hypotheses and tools developed by a French psychoanalytical school still too little known internationally, especially in Japan.     

无托槽隐形矫治在牙列轻中度拥挤患者中的应用效果

目的 探讨无托槽隐形矫治在牙列轻中度拥挤患者中的应用效果。方法 选取我院门诊2022年 1月-12月收治的50例牙列轻中度拥挤患者为研究对象，以随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组，各25例。对 照组采用传统固定矫治方法进行治疗，观察组采用无托槽隐形矫治方法治疗，比较两组临床疗效、尖牙区 宽度变化及治疗满意度。结果 观察组治疗总有效率为92.00%，高于对照组的68.00%（P ＜0.05）；观察组 治疗后上颌尖牙区宽度变化情况优于对照组（P＜0.05）；两组治疗后下颌尖牙区宽度变化比较，差异无统 计学意义（P＞0.05）；观察组治疗后语言功能、咀嚼功能、便捷程度、固定功能和美观舒适度的满意度评 分均高于对照组（P ＜0.05）。结论 相比于传统固定矫治方法，采用无托槽隐形矫治方法治疗效果更好， 可改善患者上颌尖牙区的宽度，提高患者治疗满意度，具有较高的应用价值。     

不同年级本科护生死亡态度和死亡教育需求调查分析及对策

目的:比较分析不同年级本科护生死亡态度和死亡教育需求的变化规律。方法:2019年3至6月,整群抽样某医学院2015至2018级护理本科生766人,采用中文版死亡态度描绘量表和死亡教育需求量表进行调查。使用统计软件SPSS 20.0进行统计学分析。计量资料行LSD检验,计数资料采用卡方检验。结果:死亡恐惧、趋近导向死亡接...     

Changes to Visual Parameters Following Virtual Reality Gameplay

Introduction:Virtual reality (VR) gameplay is popular with a range of games and educational resources available. However, it puts high demands on the visual system. Current evidence shows conflicting impacts on visual parameters. Therefore, this study explores the changes to vision following VR gameplay.Methods:The study was conducted at the School of Health Sciences, University of Liverpool. All participants had binocular vision with good visual acuity and no manifest strabismus. Participants were assessed before and after playing 15 minutes of the VR game Beat Saber, which incorporated convergence and divergence movements. Clinical assessments including near point of convergence (NPC) and near point of accommodation (NPA) using the RAF rule; accommodative convergence to accommodation (AC/A) ratio; motor fusion using the prism fusion range (at 33cm), accommodation facility using +2.00/–2.00DS flipper lenses, and stereoacuity using the Frisby stereo test were assessed before and after playing.Results:Seventy-eight participants (19–25 years old) were included in the study, with 16 males and 41 females respectively. The breakpoint of convergence reduced by 0.5 cm (p = 0.001). The binocular accommodative facility improved by 2 cycles per minute (cpm); p = 0.004. The mean, near horizontal prism fusion range (PFR) base break and recovery points both worsened by of 5.0 dioptres (p = 0.003), whereas the mean near horizontal PFR base in recovery point improved by of 4.0 dioptres (p = 0.003).Discussion:The study validated previous findings as VR gameplay over-exercised and fatigued convergence muscles, but to a small degree. The VR experience improved the participants’ ability to change focus quickly and improve accommodation, as well as the divergence function of the eye. However, as the participants were retested directly after the VR gameplay, the findings were limited to short term effects on vision.