妊娠期高血压疾病患者血脂和血小板指标分析

目的:探讨妊娠期高血压疾病患者的血小板和血脂指标分析.方法:选取2009年2月至2011年11月在我院住院检查妊娠期高血压疾病(HDCP)孕妇89例作为观察组,经诊断均符合HDCP的诊断标准,其中妊娠期高血压组36例,轻度子痫组29例,重度子痫组24例.同时选取同期分娩的89例妊娠健康孕妇作为对照,比较4组对象血脂代谢指标:甘油三酯、总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白、低密度脂蛋白,以及血小板指标:血小板计数、血小板积压、血小板平均体积和血小板平均分布宽度.结果:妊娠期高血压组与对照组相比,TG、TC显著升高,差异极显著(P<0.01),HDL-C和LDL-C无统计学差异(P>0.05);轻度子痫组和重度子痫组TG、TC、HDL-C、LDL-C与对照组相比差异极显著(P<0.01);妊娠期高血压组、轻度子痫组、重度子痫组与对照组相比,PLT、PCT、MPV和PDW分别为差异不显著(P>0.05)、差异显著(P<0.05)和差异极显著(P<0.01).结论:妊娠期高血压患者血脂代谢指标和血小板指标与正常妊娠期妇女比较存在明显差异,为诊断、治疗和预防该疾病提供理论依据.     

Epidemiology of traumatic spinal cord injury in Tianjin,China: An 18-year retrospective study of 735 cases

Study Design: Hospital-based retrospective study

Objectives: To evaluate the pathogenetic features of traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) during 1999–2016 according to changed injury etiology with time, explore different characteristics of patients suffered a TSCI during 1999–2007 and 2008–2016 in Tianjin, China.

Setting: Tianjin Medical University General Hospital

Methods: In this study, the medical records of TSCI patients were obtained from Tianjin Medical University General Hospital (TMUGH) from 1st January 1999 to 31th December 2016. Variables were recorded, including age, gender occupation, etiology, the level of injury, America Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) impairment scale, the severity, concomitant injuries, death and its cause. To explore the differences in characteristics by etiology and by two periods, related statistical methods were used to calculate the correlation of some variables. Differences in etiology of TSCI during 1999–2016 were evaluated and differences in epidemiological characteristics were separately compared and analyzed between the 1999–2007 period and the 2008–2016 period.

Results: From 1999–2016, 831 TSCI cases were identified and 96 cases were excluded from analyses. The male-to-female ratio was 2.9:1 and the mean age was 49.7±15.2 years, which changed significantly between 1999–2007 (45.1±14.2) and 2008–2016 (51.6±15.2). Traffic accidents (45.8%) were the leading cause of TSCI during the 1999–2007 period, followed by low falls (30.7%). However, the opposite result was observed during the 2008–2016 period. Significant difference was observed compared with thoracic, lumbar and sacral levels, cervical level was the most commonly affected levels and the percentage decreased to a certain degree between 1999–2007 and 2008–2016 (from 84.4% to 68.9%). The proportions of ASIA grades A, B, C, and D were 20.5%, 10.3%, 23.3%, and 45.9%, respectively. The percentage of complete tetraplegia decreased from 22.9% in 1999–2007 to 13.2% in 2008–2016, and the percentage of incomplete paraplegia increased from 9.7% to 27.9%.

Conclusion: According to the changes in the epidemiological characteristics of TSCI, relevant health service, laws and regulations, preventative strategies should be readjusted to follow up the changing situation and epidemiological characteristics of TSCI.     

甲状腺功能亢进患者的心电图改变分析

目的 分析甲状腺功能亢进(甲亢)患者心电图改变.方法 选取155例甲亢患者为甲亢组,对该组患者进行通常规心电图、24 h动态心电图检查,结果与155名健康体检者(对照组)同样项目检查进行比较分析.结果 甲亢患者心电图改变呈多样性形式,心律失常多见,占67.7%(105/155),以房性早搏、心房颤动、窦性心动过速、ST-T改变为主,与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(21.3%比2.5%;16.8%比1.3%;21.3%比5.2%;20.0%比3.2%;P<0.05).结论 甲亢患者心电图改变以心律失常、ST-T改变为主.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the electrocardiogram changes in patients with hyperthyroidism.Methods Recordings of routine electrocardiogram and 24-hour Holter ECG were obtained from 155 patients with hyperthyroidism and 155 healthy volunteers,and analyzed.Results Patients with hyperthyroidism had various changes noted in their ECGs,and 105 patients(67.7%)had arhythmia,most were atrial premature beats,atrial fibrillation,sinus tachyeardia and ST-T deviation.The changes were significantly difierent from that of healthy controls(21.3%vs 2.5%;16.8%vs 1.3%;21.3%vs 5.2%;20.0%vs 3.2%;P<0.05).Conclusion The most common ECG changes noted in patients with hyperthyroidism are arhythmia and ST-T alteration.     

郑州市小儿急性中毒相关因素的变迁及防范措施

目的探讨近年来郑州市区小儿急性中毒相关因素的变迁及防范措施。方法采用回顾性调查的方法分析,收集整理744例急性中毒患儿的临床资料。结果近5年来小儿急性中毒在年龄构成、毒物种类及中毒方式等方面出现许多新的变化:近5年的356例急性中毒中0～3岁婴幼儿发病率最高,占43.26%;在家中发生中毒者(224例,占62.92%)为主,与前5年相比有统计学意义(χ2=62.14,P=0.001);医源性药物中毒195例,占54.78%,其增长幅度有统计学意义(χ2=60.13,P=0.001));消化道中毒占89.25%。结论医源性药物中毒及在家中发生中毒已成为郑州市区儿童急性中毒的重要因素。加强健康知识宣教,加强毒物及药物的管理,规范药品的使用,合理用药等是小儿急性中毒防治的关键。     

山西省某传染病医院近二十年来住院病种变迁及防治对策

太原市传染病医院始建于1950年，是太原市惟一的传染病专科医院，是山西省公共卫生临床中心，收治除结核、SARS、人感染高致病性禽流感和艾滋病以外的所有法定和其他传染病，同时承担着全省传染病临床诊治及突发公共卫生事件的医疗救治任务。本文对太原市传染病医院近20年（1989-2008年）传染性疾病住院患者疾病谱的变化进行了回顾性分析，并对部分常见传染病的防治策略提出了相关建议。     

Thyroid surgery: what has changed from (1970 to 2004): a Turkish perspective

Background

Turkey is an endemic region for goiter. The aim of this study was to evaluate the changing factors concerning thyroid disease and thyroid surgery in a referral center in Turkey.

Methods

This study was a retrospective evaluation of reports of patients who underwent surgery for thyroid disease at Hacettepe University Medical School between the years 1970 and 1974, 1980 and 1984, 1990 and 1994, and 2000 and 2004.

Results

A total of 1,270 patients were included in the study. There were 140, 141, 402, and 587 patients in the 1970-1974, 1980-1984, 1990-1994, and 2000-2004 groups, respectively. In the past decade, the use of ultrasonography has increased significantly; more thyroid cancer cases have been diagnosed and more extensive surgical procedures have been applied.

Conclusions

During the past 40 years, significant changes have occurred in the treatment of thyroid disease, particularly diagnostic tools, pathologies, and surgical procedures.     

Sexual dysfunction and hyperprolactinemia in Japanese schizophrenic patients taking antipsychotics

This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of sexual dysfunction, evaluated by the Nagoya Sexual Function Questionnaire (NSFQ), and hyperprolactinemia in patients with schizophrenia and examine a relationship between sexual dysfunction and serum prolactin levels. This cross-sectional, comparative study was performed using a sample comprising 195 Japanese schizophrenic in- and outpatients treated with antipsychotics (117 males and 78 females). Data were collected from October 2009 to January 2010 using single, cross-sectional ratings of sexual function assessed by the NSFQ and concurrent measurement of serum prolactin levels. The prevalence of sexual dysfunction in patients with schizophrenia was high (males 66.7%; females 79.5%). Hyperprolactinemia (>25ng/ml) was highly prevalent among schizophrenia patients, affecting 53.8% of females and 51.3% of males. Among female patients, 16.7% had prolactin levels>100ng/ml. There was no relationship between sexual dysfunction and serum prolactin levels. The present study demonstrated a higher prevalence of sexual dysfunction and hyperprolactinemia in Japanese schizophrenia patients. Clinicians should keep these problems in mind and discuss potential solutions with patients to improve patients' quality of life and adherence to therapy.     

The Effectiveness of a Calcium Sodium Phosphosilicate Desensitizer in Reducing Cervical Dentin Hypersensitivity

BackgroundNovaMin (NovaMin Technology, Alachua, Fla.) was introduced into the dental market as a desensitizer in December 2004. However, to the authors' knowledge, no researchers yet have evaluated the effectiveness of 100 percent NovaMin powder with NovaMin-containing toothpaste in reducing dentin hypersensitivity compared with the effectiveness of NovaMin-containing toothpaste only and a desensitizing toothpaste containing potassium nitrate as a control.MethodsThe authors divided 60 participants randomly into three groups: NovaMin powder with NovaMin-containing toothpaste (group 1), a placebo powder with NovaMin-containing toothpaste (group 2) and a placebo powder with the control toothpaste (group 3). The authors used tactile and cold stimuli and a visual analog scale to evaluate participants' pain at baseline, immediately after powder application and at one week, two weeks and four weeks after powder application. They analyzed data by using Friedman and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests for within-group comparison. They used Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests for between-group comparison. They considered P < .05 to be statistically significant.ResultsGroups 1 and 2 showed significant hypersensitivity reduction over baseline at all time points. Group 3 showed significant hypersensitivity reduction at one week onward. Group 1 showed significant improvement compared with groups 2 and 3, except for response to tactile stimulus at four weeks with group 2. Between groups 2 and 3, there were significant differences at two and four weeks.Conclusions and Clinical ImplicationsThe use of NovaMin powder and NovaMin-containing toothpaste for hypersensitivity reduction is more effective than the use of a desensitizing toothpaste containing potassium nitrate and fluoride.     

B超观察妊娠早期胎心率变化的初步总结

目的初步总结妊娠早期胚胎心率在不同孕周的变化趋势,为临床提供参考信息。方法妇科常规超声检查,使用B超仪M取样,放大模式测量胎心率,确定临床医学参考值范围。结果妊娠早期胚胎心率相对中晚期妊娠总体较高,本组最高胎心率234次／min,最低胎心率96次／min;0～8周（151．93±20．86）次／min,0～9周（179．12±6．22）次／min,0～10周（175．06±6．66）次／min,0～12周（168．28±5．60）次／min;呈急升缓降趋势,并确定了早期胚胎心率临床医学参考值范围。结论妊娠早期胚胎心率的变化趋势与胎心解剖分化和传导系统的成熟高度相关,孕8周以前胚胎心率更易受外来因素影响。     

The Impact of Pregnancy on Physical Activity Level

Objective The purpose of this study was to compare women’s levels of physical activity during early pregnancy and during the year before pregnancy, and to identify characteristics associated with discontinuing sports and exercise among women previously active during the year before pregnancy. Methods Data collected from 1,737 women enrolled in a prospective cohort study and who had no contraindications for exercise were included in this analysis. Measures of physical activity (including household and care-giving activities, active living and sports and exercise activities) during early pregnancy were compared to the year before pregnancy. Log binomial regression was used to identify factors associated with discontinuing sports and exercise during pregnancy. Results There was a statistically significant decrease in all summary measures of physical activity during early pregnancy. The largest decreases were observed in sports and exercise activity. Among women active before pregnancy, age <35 years, multiparity, less than university education, pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m² and lower levels of pre-pregnancy exercise were associated with discontinuing sports and exercise activities during pregnancy. Conclusion Most women reduced their physical activity level during the first 20 weeks of pregnancy compared with their level of activity during the year prior to pregnancy, particularly for sports and exercise, although a small proportion of women in this study actually increased their activity in this area during early pregnancy. Participation in sports and exercise activity during pregnancy is potentially modifiable and could favorably impact perinatal health and maternal post-partum weight. The results of this study suggests that pregnancy is an event that leads to a decrease in physical activity.