Correction by oral adsorbent of abnormal digestive tract milieu in rats with chronic renal failure

In order to examine the mechanism by which the oral carbonaceousadsorbent, AST-120 delays the appearance of glomerular sclerosis,experiments were carried out in 120 male Sprague-Dawley ratsweighing 285–320 g. The rats were first subjected to 2/3,3/4, and 4/5 nephrectomy (n=40). The experiments were begunat 2 weeks after the surgery, and were performed over an 8-weekperiod. Half of each group (n=20) was administered 1 g/day ofliquid AST-120, and the other half received liquid vehicle solutionwith pair feeding in each group. In the 2/3 nephrectomized groupthe administration of AST-120 delayed the occurrence of glomerularhypertrophy and prevented the appearance of glomerular sclerosiswithout any significant differences in renal function, systemicblood pressure (SBP), and urinary protein excretion (U-P). Inthe 3/4 nephrectomized group the administration of AST-120 delayedthe appearance of glomerular hypertrophy and sclerosis withsignificant decreases in SBP and U-P. In the 4/5 nephrectomizedgroup the administration of AST-120 delayed the appearance ofglomerular sclerosis and prevented a decrease in renal function.It is concluded that administration of the oral adsorbent AST-120delays the occurrence of glomerular sclerosis by delaying theappearance of glomerular hypertrophy, systemic hypertension,and the increase in proteinuria. It can be therefore mentionedthat the accumulating substances in the digestive tract worsenthe abnormal milieu of chronic renal failure.     

Influence of Osteoarthritis on Serum Marker Levels of Bone Formation and Resorption in Patients with Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy

Background :
The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of osteoarthritis of lumbar vertebrae on serum bone formation and resorption marker levels of patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH).
Methods :
Serum levels of carboxyterminal propeptide of type I procollagen (PICP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), carboxyterminaltelopeptide of type I collagen (ICTP), and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) were examined in 40 patients with BPH, and the presence of osteoarthritis at the lumbar vertebrae of the patients was evaluated by plain x-ray-p.
Results :
Findings of osteoarthritis were observed in 23 of the 40 patients (58%), and 10 of the patients had severe osteoarthritis (involving at least 2 lumbar vertebral bodies). The serum levels of PICP, ALP, ICTP, and PSA of the patients without osteoarthritis findings were not different from those of the patients with osteoarthritis or severe osteoarthritis.
Conclusion :
The influence of osteoarthritis on serum bone formation and resorption marker levels of patients with BPH appears to be rather slight, if there is any influence at all.     

Changes in the basal ganglia and thalamus following reperfusion after complete cerebral ischaemia

We report specific changes bilaterally in the basal ganglia and thalamus following reperfusion after complete cerebral ischaemia. A 69-year-old man, resuscitated after cardiac arrest, showed symmetrical lowdensity lesions in the head of the caudate nucleus and lentiform nucleus on CT. MRI revealed methaemoglobin derived from minor haemorrhage in the basal ganglia and thalamus, not evident on CT. We suggest that this haemorrhage results from diapedesis of red blood cells through the damaged capillary endothelium following reperfusion.     

Unique variant of partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection with intact atrial septum

Summary Partial anomalous pulmonary venous connections (PAPVCs) are rare in association with an intact atrial septum. However, the diagnosis should be considered in patients with otherwise unexplained findings of left-to-right shunt and right heart enlargement. An unusual variant is presented, which we considered unsuitable for operative repair, based on findings at catheterization. Developmental, hemodynamic, and surgical considerations are discussed.     

8～12岁单纯性肥胖儿童心功能研究

利用多导生理仪，同步记录心电图、心音图、颈动脉搏动图和心阻抗微分图，测试８～１２岁肥胖儿童９４名，对照组儿童７６名，分析比较有关心功能数据。结果显示肥胖儿童收缩压、舒张压、平均动脉压、左室射血时间和心搏出量高于对照组儿童，心输出量与对照组比较差异无显著性，心功能指数低于对照组儿童。提示肥胖儿童由于回心血量增加，血压增高，而使心脏前、后负荷加重，心肌收缩力代偿性增强，单位体表面积心输出量下降，部分心功能指标已受到影响。     

经尿道电气化切除术治疗良性前列腺增生症(附1532例报告)

目的 :总结和评价经尿道前列腺电气化切除术 (TUVP)治疗良性前列腺增生症 (BPH)的疗效。方法 :采用铲式气化切割环 ,经尿道气化切除前列腺 1 5 32例。结果 :最大尿流率 (Qmax)由手术前 (7.7± 3.8)ml/s到术后 (1 7.9± 3.2 )ml/s;国际前列腺症状评分由术前 (2 9.5± 3.6 )分到术后 (9.1± 2 .9)分 ;生活质量评分由术前 (5 .5± 0 .3)分到术后 (1 .9± 0 .3)分 ;术中前列腺包膜穿孔 2例 ;术后尿失禁 2例 ,前尿道狭窄 1 7例 ,后尿道狭窄 7例 ;无电切综合征及死亡病例。结论 :TUVP治疗BPH创伤小、出血少、疗效好、术后康复快     

高血压患者左室舒张功能与左室肥厚的关系及随龄改变

为探讨原发性高血压 (以下简称高血压 )患者的左室舒张功能和左室肥厚的关系及其随龄改变 ,抽取 1995年 2月至 2 0 0 2年 7月间门诊高血压患者 4 81例为高血压组 ,以同期体检健康者 2 54 3例为对照组 ,年龄 10～ 80岁 ,并将原发性高血压患者分为 3级 ,每级中按性别分 2组。采用惠普 2 50 0彩色多普勒超声诊断系统检测 2组的室间隔厚度、左室后壁厚度、E/A等指标。使用SPSS软件进行统计学处理分析。结果 :高血压和正常对照组相比E/A显著下降 ,室间隔和左室后壁显著增厚 (P <0 .0 1)。 2个组的E/A均随年龄下降 ,而室间隔厚度随年龄增厚 ,且室间隔厚度和E/A呈显著负偏相关 (P <0 .0 1)。在高血压分级组中 ,Ⅰ～Ⅲ级高血压组中男性的室间隔厚度均厚于女性 (均P <0 .0 1) ,Ⅰ、Ⅱ级高血压组中男性的左室后壁厚度厚于女性 (P <0 .0 5,P <0 .0 1) ,Ⅰ级高血压组中女性的E/A低于男性 (P <0 .0 5)。提示 :左室舒张功能随着年龄的增加而降低 ,而且和高血压左室肥厚呈负偏相关关系 ,性别对其也有一定的影响     

不稳定性心绞痛患者肌钙蛋白I及C反应蛋白的临床意义

【目的】探讨不稳定性心绞痛 (UA)病变程度及其预后与血浆肌钙蛋白I (cTnI)及C反应蛋白(CRP)水平的关系。【方法】测定 5 8例经选择性冠状动脉造影证实为冠心病的患者血浆cTnI及CRP浓度 ,并与对照组 (健康者 5 0例 )相比较 ,分析cTnI及CRP的临床意义。【结果】①血浆cTnI及CRP浓度在对照组、稳定性心绞痛组 (SA)、UA组分别为 :(0 4 2± 0 0 6 ) μg/L ,(2 2 93± 10 8) μg/L ;(0 5 9± 0 13) μg/L ,(5 2 16± 32 8) μg/L ;(1 92± 0 5 8) μg/L ,(13811± 86 1) μg/L ;SA组及UA组明显高于对照组 (分别为P <0 0 5 ,P<0 0 1)。②观察 4w ,在UA组心脏事件发生率为 35 5 % ,明显高于SA组 (P <0 0 5 )。③cTnI与CRP具有一定相关性 (r =0 5 1,P <0 0 5 )。【结论】血浆cTnI及CRP水平在临床评价UA病情程度及预后方面具有一定的指导意义     

经尿道前列腺电切术围术期血液流变学的变化

目的 从血液流变学角度探讨经尿道前列腺电切术(TURP)患者围术期的管理。方法 择期行TURP手术32例，于术前、术中、术毕和术后4h，抽取静脉血检测血液流变学各项指标。结果 低切粘度、血浆粘度、低切还原粘度、中切还原粘度在术毕和术后4h时比术前显著升高；术中、术毕、术后4h与术前比较，红细胞刚性指数增高，变形指数下降。结论 TURP围术期应注意降低血液粘度、保护红细胞。